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DESCRIPTION 



UNITED STATES LANDS 



IOWA: 



BEING A MINUTE DESCRIPTION OF EVERY SECTION AND QUARTER 

SECTION, QUALITY OF SOIL, GROVES OP TIMBER, PRAIRIES, 

LEDGES OF ROCK, COAL BANKS, IRON AND LEAD 

ORES, WATER-FALLS, MILL-SEATS, 

ETC., ETC., ETC. 



APPENDIX. 



BY JESSE WILLIAM^. 



NEW-YORK : 

PUBLISHED BY J. H. COLTON. 

1840. 









Entered, according to act of Congress, in the year 1840, 

By J. H. CoLTON, 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Southern 
District of New-York. 



By TiaTi'?ier» 



APR 8 1931 



PREFACE. 



The descriptions of the public lands in Iowa, here pre- 
sented to the public, have been carefully compiled from 
the original field notes now on file in the Surveyor- 
general's office at Dubuque. Consequently, they are 
based upon the remarks and descriptions made by the 
deputy surveyors w^hile in the field, and are thought by 
many to be rather under estimated than otherwise. 

The map which accompanies these descriptions, has 
also been compiled from the public surveys with great 
care. 

The book and map will furnish the possessor with 
more information concerning Iowa than can be obtained 
from any other source. 



Digitized by the Internet Arciiive 
in 2011 witii funding from 
Tine Library of Congress 



littp://www.arclnive.org/details/descriptionofuniOOwill 



INTRODUCTION. 



All surveys in the new states are made from some 
certain Meridian and Base lines. The townships are 
numbered northwardly and southwardly from the Base 
lines ; and the Ranges of townships are numbered east- 
wardly and westwardly from the Meridian lines. 

The surveys in Iowa are made from the same Base 
and Meridian lines as the surveys of Arkansas and Mis- 
souri ; that is, the Fifth Principal Meridian, and its Base 
line. The fifth Principal Meridian is a line run due north 
from the mouth of Arkansas river — entering the state of 
Missouri in township 21 north ; crossing the Missouri river 
in township 44 north ; passing 39 miles west of St. Louis, 
and intersecting the Mississippi river in township 53 north ; 
thence over a portion of the state of Illinois, (where it is 
not known as a standard line ;) entering Iowa in township 
77 north ; and now passing through Iowa, it intersects the 
Mississippi river again in township 91 north, where it 
terminates. 

The Base line — from which all the townships in Ar- 
kansas, Missouri, and Iowa are numbered — is run due 
west from the mouth of St. Francis river, crossing the 
fifth Principal Meridian at right angles. From this Base 
line the townships are numbered northwardly and south- 
wardly. 

For the sake of easy reference, the descriptions of the 
surveys in Iowa will be divided into six divisions. 

The First Division will embrace all the townships 
south of the First Correction Line and west of the fifth 
Principal Meridian, commencing with the lowest township 
and lowest range. 

The Second Division will embrace all the townships 
south of the first correction line and east of the fifth Prin- 
1* 



6 INTRODUCTION. 

cipal Meridian, commencing with the lowest township 
and lowest range. 

The Third Division will embrace all the townships be- 
tween the first and second correction lines and west of 
the fifth Principal Meridian, commencing with the lowest 
township and lowest range. 

The Fourth Division will embrace all the townships 
between the first and second correction lines and east of 
the fifth Principal Meridian, commencing with the lowest 
township and lowest range. 

The Fifth Division will embrace all the townships 
north of the second correction line, and west of the fifth 
Principal Meridian, commencing with the lowest town- 
ship and lowest range. 

The Sixth Division will embrace all the townships 
north of the second correction line and east of the fifth 
Principal Meridian, commencing with the lowest town- 
ship and lowest range. 

The description of each township of the same number, 
will be given through all the different Ranges ; then the 
next highest number of townships in like manner through 
all the different Ranges ; and so on throughout each di- 
vision. 

This is thought to be as good an arrangement as could 
be devised for convenience of brevity, and is believed to 
be intelligible to any person who can read. 

To obviate for the convergency of the township lines, 
there were two correction lines established in Iowa. The 
first is the line between townships 78 and 79 north ; and 
the second, the line between townships 88 and 89 north. 
These correction lines were run at right angles with the 
fifth Principal Meridian. 



CONTENTS. 



Pag-e, 

Preface, S 

Introduction 5 

FIRST DIVISION. 

Township 67, Range 4, West 13 

67, " 5, " 13 

67, " 6, " 13 

67, " 7, " 14 

67, " 8, « 14 

67, " 9, " 15 

67, " 10, " 15 

67, " 11, " 16 

Township 68, Range 2, West 16 

68, " 3, " 17 

68, " 4, " 17 

68, " 5, " 18 

68, " 6, " 18 

68, « 7, " 19 

« 68, " 8, « ; 20 

68, " 9, « 21 

68, " 10, " 21 

68, " 11, " 22 

Township 69, Range 2, West 23 

69, " 3, « 24 

69, " 4, " 24 

69, " 5, " 25 

69, » 6, " 28 

69, " 7, " 27 

69, " 8, " 27 

69, " 9, " 28 

69, " 10, " 28 

Township 70, Range 1, West 30 

70, " 2, " 30 

70, " 3, " 31 

70, " 4, " 31 

70, " 5, " 32 

70, " 6, » 33 

70, " 7, '^ 34 

70, » 8, " 35 

70, " y, " 35 



6 CONTENTS. 

Township 71, Range 1, West 36 

71, " 2, ♦' 36 

71, " 3, " 37 

71, " 4, « 38 

71, " 5, " 39 

71, " 6, " 39 

71, « 7, " 40 

71, « 8, " 41 

71, " 9, " 42 

Township 72, Range 1, West 43 

72, " 2, " 43 

72, " 3, " 44 

72, " 4, " 44 

72, « 5, " 44 

72, « 6, " 45 

72, " 7, " 45 

72, " 8, " 46 

Township 73, Range 1, West 47 

73, « 2, " 47 

73, «' 3, " 48 

73, " 4, " 49 

73, " 5, " 50 

73, " 6, " 50 

73, " 7, " 50 

73, " 8, " 51 

Township 74, Range 1, West 52 

74, " 2, " 52 

74, " 3, " 52 

74, " 4, " 53 

74, " 5, « 54 

74, " 6, « 54 

74, " 7, " 55 

Township 75, Range 2, West 56 

75, ", 3, " 56 

75, « 4, " 57 

75, « 5, « 58 

75, " 6, " 58 

75, " 7, " 59 

Township 76, Range 2, West 59 

76, " 3, " 60 

76, " 5, " 61 

76, " 4, " 62 

« 76, " 6, " , 63 

Township 77, Range 1, West 63 

77, " 2, " 64 



CONTENTS. 9 

Township 77, Range 3, West ....64 

77, " 4, » 65 

77, " 5, " 66 

Township 78, Range 1, West 67 

78, " 2, " 67 

78, " 3, " 68 

78, " 4, « 68 

78, " 5, » 69 

SECOND DIVISION. 

Township 77, Range 1, East 69 

77, " 2, " 79 

« 77, " 3, " 79 

Township 78, Range 1, East 71 

" 78, " 2, " 71 

78, « 3, « 72 

« 78, " 4, " 72 

78, " 5, « 73 

THIRD DIVISION. 

Township 79, Range 1, West ,. 74 

79, " 2, " 74 

79, " 3, " 75 

79, " 4, " 76 

79, " 5, " 76 

79, « 6, « 76 

Township 80, Range 1, West 77 

" 80, " 2, " 78 

80, « 3, " 78 

80, " 4, " 79 

Township 81, Range 1, West , 8a 

" 81, " 2, " 80 

81, " 3, « 81 

81, " 4, " 81 

Township 82, Range 1, West 82 

82, » 2, " 82 

82, » 3, " 83 

82, " 4, « 83 

Township 83, Range 1, West... 84 

83, " 2, " 84 

83, « 3, « 85 

83, " 4, " , 86 

Towiiship 84, Range 1, West...., 86 



10 CONTENTS. 

Township 84, Range 2, West 87 

84, " 3, " 87 

" 84, " 4, " 88 

84, " 5, " 88 

Township 85, Range 1, West 89 

85, " 2, " 90 

85, " 3, " 90 

85, " 4, " 91 

n 35 u 5 u ^i 

Township 86i Range 1,' West '..'..".".'.'.".*.!"..!". 92 

86, " 2, " 92 

86, " 3, " 93 

86, " 4, " 94 

86, " 5, « 94 

86, " 6, " 94 

Township 87, Range 1, West 95 

87, " 2, " 96 

87, " 3, " 97 

87, " 4, " 97 

87, " 5, « 98 

87, « 6, " 98 

Township 88, Range 1, West 99 

88, " 2, « 99 

88, » 3, " , 100 

88, " 4, " 100 

88, " 5, " 101 

88, " 6, " 102 

88, «' 7, " 102 

FOURTH DIVISION. 

Township 79, Range 1, East 102 

79, " 2, " 103 

79, " 3, " 103 

79, " 4, " 104 

« 79, " 5, " 104 

Township 80, Range 1, East 105 

80, " 2, » 105 

80, " 3, " 106 

« 80, « 4, " 106 

80, " 5, " 107 

" 80, « 6, " 108 

Township 81, Range 1, East 108 

" 81, " 2, " 109 

" 81, " 3, " 109 



CONTENTS. II 

Township 81, Range 4, East llff 

81, " 5, " Ill 

81, " 6, " Ill 

81, " 7, » 112 

Township 82, Range 1, East 113 

82, " 2, " 113 

82, " 3, " 114 

"' 82, " 4, " 114 

82, " 5, " 115 

82, " 6, " 115 

82, " 7, " 116 

Township 83, Range 1, East, 117 

83, » 2, " 117 

83, » 3, « 118 

83, " 4, « 118 

83, " 5, " 119 

83, " 6, " 119 

83, " 7, " 120 

Township 84, Range 1, East .- 121 

84, " 2, « 122 

84, " 3, « 122 

84, » 4, « 123 

84, " 5, " 124 

" 84, « 6, " 124 

84, « 7, " 125 

Township 85, Range 1, East 125 

85, " 2, «' 126 

85, " 3, " 126 

85, " 4, " 127 

85, " 5, " 128 

85, " 6, « 128 

85, " 7, « 129 

Township 86, Range 1, East 129 

86, » 2, " 130 

86, « 3, " 130 

86, « 4, « 131 

86, " 5, " 132 

Township 87, Range 1, East 132 

87, " 2, " 133 

87, " 3, « 133 

87, " 4, " 134 

87, " 5, " 134 

Township 88, Range 1, East 134 

88, « 2, " 135 

88, " 3, « 135 



12 CONTENTS. 

Township 88, Range 4, West, 135 

FIFTH DIVISION. 

Township 89, Range 1, East, 136 

89, «' 2, " 136 

89, " 3, " 137 

89, » 4, " 137 

" 89, " 5, " 138 

89, " 6, " 138 

89, " 7, " 139 

Township 90, Range 1, West, 139 

90, " 2, " 139 

90, " 3, " 140 

" 90, " 4, " 141 

90, " 5, " 141 

90, " 6, " 142 

90, " 7, " 142 

90, " 8, " 142 

Township 91, Range 1, West, 143 

91, " 2, " 143 

" 91, " 3, " 144 

" 91, " 4, " 145 

" 91, " 5, " 145 

" 91, " 6, " 146 

91, " 7, " 146 

91, " 8, " 147 

Township 92, Range 2, West, 147 

92, '' 3, " 148 

92, " 4, " 148 

92, " 5, " 149 

" 92, " 6, " 150 

92, " 7, " 150 

" 92, " 8, " 151 

Township 93, Range 2, West, 151 

" 93, " 3, " 152 

" 93, " 4, " 152 

" 93, " 5, " 153 

Townsliip 94, Range 3, West, 154 

94, " 4, " 154 

" 94, " 5, " 155 

Township 95, Range 3, West, 156 

" 95, " 4, " 156 

SIXTH DIVISION. 

Township 89, Ranges 1, 2, 3, East — Township 90, Ranges 

1, 2, East — Township 91, Ranges 1, 2, East 157-160 

Appendix. 

Iowa Territory, Boundaries, &c. — Form of Government — United States Offi- 
cers—Legislative—Territorial Otficers— County Officera— Militia Officers — 
Counties with their population in 1838— List of Townships proclaimed for 
sale — Prairies— Bottoms— Kivers—AborieiuaJ Tribes— Zoology, «c. 



THE 



FIRST DIVISION; 

EMBRACING ALL THE TOWNSHIPS OF LAND SOUTH OF THE FIRST 

CORRECTION LINE AND WEST OF THE FIFTH 

PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN. 



TOWNSHIP 67. 

Range 4, West. — Is fractional, and is principally 
broken, and unfit for cultivation, with the exception 
of a small portion that lies adjoining the Half-breed 
Tract, which is of the first quality. Fort Madison 
is situated in fractional sections 3 and 4, and bids fair 
to be a place of importance, as it is one of the best 
landings for steamboats to be found on the upper 
Mississippi. 

Township 67 — Range 5, W. — Is fractional, and 
is well timbered, some little prairie, and generally 
very broken, 3d rate. It is bounded on the south by 
the Half-breed Tract, which makes it fractional ; 
sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8 are fractional, and sees. 5 
and 6 are entire. Growth, white, black, bur oak, and 
hickory ; undergrowth, hazel and briers. Sugar 
creek passes through this township, but is of little 
importance in propelling machineiy. There is a 
scarcity of rock. 

Township 67 — Range 6, W. — Is fractional ; the 
timber and prairie is nearly equally divided ; there 
is some timber of the best quality on the Half-breed 
2 



14 DESCRIPTION OF 

creek, which borders a prairie of the finest quality 
for farming ; there appears to be a scarcity of rock, 
also of good water. There are several small streams 
passing through this township, but of little import- 
ance. 

The SE. qr. sec. 1, NW. qr. 2, N. i and SW. qr. 3, 
N. i 4, NE. qr. 5, and NW. qr. 6, embrace all the 
1st rate prairie ; residue broken 2d rate timber land. 
Growth, white and black oak, elm, birch, lynn, and 
hickory ; undergrowth, hazel and briers. 

Township 67 — Range 7, W. — Is a small frac- 
tion, bounded on the south by the Half-breed Tract ; 
it contains about 9 sees. ; it is well situated for farm- 
ing ; the eastern part is high, rolling prairie ; the 
western part is rather broken, but well timbered, and 
tolerably well watered. 

Sees. 1, 2, and E. ^3, E. i fractional sec. 10, 
fractional sees. 11 and 12, are but 2d rate prairie; 
residue broken, 3d rate. Growth, white, bur, and 
red oak, and hickory. 

Township 67 — Range 8, W. — Is fractional, 
bounded on the south by Missouri and the Half- 
breed Tract ; it embraces about 1 1 sections, and is 
generally well adapted to cultivation, being nearly 
equally divided into prairie and timber land ; good 
soil and timber, and well watered by the river Des 
Moines, which passes through the eastern part ; also 
Indian creek, a good mill-stream, meanders along 
the north boundary. Stone and stone coal abound 
to a considerable extent. Preparations are making 
for building mills on Indian creek. 

The W. 1 sec. 1, E. fraction sec. 2, is 1st rate 
timber land ; residue good 2d rate farming land. 
The NE. qr. 4, W. ^ 5, E. | 6, E. ^ 7, fractional 
sees. 8, 9, and 10, embrace all the prairie land. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 15 

Growth, lynn, sugar, honey-locust, red, bur, and 
white oak, hickory, walnut, and elm ; undergrowth, 
hazel, thorn, plum, and crab-apple. Some settle- 
ments made in this township ; part of the village of 
Farmington is located on the NE. fraction of sec. 2. 

Township 67 — Range 9, W. — Is fractional, em- 
bracing about 12 sections ; it is bounded on the 
south by the state of Missouri. This fractional 
township is rather broken, though the soil is gener- 
ally 2d rate, some parts covered with brush and 
some good timber, and a part level prairie. Near 
Fox river the land is very rich ; the bottoms on that 
stream are mostly wet ; the whole well watered. Indi- 
an creek passes through the NE. part, and Fox river 
passes through the SW. part of the township ; neither 
stone nor stone coal discovered. The NW. and SE. 
qr. 6, S. I 5, S. ^ 7, sees. 8, 9, and W. \ 10, embrace 
nearly all the good 2d rate prairie. The S. 4- 1, 
SE. qr. 8, SW. qr. 9, and N. | 12, is 3d rate land ; 
residue 2d rate timber land. Growth on upland, 
white, black, and bur oak, and hickory ; on the bot- 
toms, elm, lynn, bur oak, and cottonwood. There 
are as yet no settlements. 

Township 67 — Range 10, W. — This fractional 
township is handsomely rolling and dry, equal portions 
of prairie and timber; soil principally 2d rate, and well 
watered. Fox river passes through the NE. part of 
the township ; it affords a sufficiency of water for mills. 
This township is destitute of any kind of stone. The 
NW. qr. 11, and NE. qr. 10, good 2d rate tim- 
ber land ; NE. qr. 10, part prairie. The W. | 4, E. 
i 5, E. -^ 7, and W. i 8, embrace all the good 2d 
rate prairie ; residue 2d and 3d rate land. Growth 
on upland, white, black, bur, pin, and post oak ; under- 
growth, hazel, thorn, plum, and crab-apple ; on the 



16 DESCRIPTION OF 

bottoms, elm, birch, hickory, ash, honey-locust, and 
black walnut ; some settlements are making in this 
fractional township. 

Township 67 — Range 11, W. — This fractional 
township is a fine body of dry rich prairie, well adapt- 
ed to culture, but nearly destitute of timber. There 
is some good timber on the south fork of Fox river, 
also some timber near to and south of Missouri line. 
There is no stone of any kind. This township is 
tolerably well watered by the south fork of Fox river, 
which passes through the NE. part of the township. 
Sees. 10, 11, W. -i- 12, embrace all the 1st rate land ; 
the W. i 12, is part timber land. The SW. qr. 1, 
middle part 2, N. i 3, NE. qr. 4, and E. i NW. 
12, embrace nearly all the timber land in the town- 
ship, which is 2d rate land ; residue 2d rate prairie. 
Growth, bur, red, and white oak, elm, birch, maple, 
ash, and hickory ; undergrowth, hazel, crab-apple, 
and plum. 



TOWNSHIP 68. 

Range 2, W,—ls a fractional township, bounded 
on the east and south by the Mississippi river ; it em- 
braces about 3 sections, and is well watered by nu- 
merous outlets from Skunk river, which forms a junc- 
tion with the Mississippi in this township. This town- 
ship is low and subject to inundation, which renders 
it unfit for cultivation. There are several large 
islands in front of this township, which are more or 
less subject to inundation and unfit for cultivation ; 
there is some valuable timber on them, which consists 
of maple, walnut, hackberry, elm, pecan, cottonwool, 
buckeye, and willow, grape-vines, &c. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 17 

Township 68 — Range 3, W. — Is a fractional 
township, bounded on the south and southeast by the 
Mississippi river. Skunk river meanders through 
the NE. corner of the township. This township is 
about two-thirds 1st rate prairie, but subject to in- 
undation by the freshets of the Mississippi river. 
The Mississippi and Skunk rivers are skirted with 
timber of the 1st quahty. Lost creek enters the 
township from the west, and spreads over a large 
portion of the prairie and loses itself This township 
is much cut up with slues, bayous, and ponds, which 
will render it unhealthy. 

The NE. qr. sec. 4, NE. qr. and SW. qr. 5, SE. 
qr. 6, E. ^ 7, NW. qr. 8, NE. qr. 9, S. i 10, S. ^ 
11, SW. qr. 12, W. i 14, sec. 15, W. ^ 17, SE. qr. 
18, NE. qr. 19, NW. qr. 20, SE. qr. 30, sec. 31, is 
1st rate prairie land. Sees. 1, 2, 3, and 4, is 1st 
rate timber land, with some small dry prairies, but is 
much cut up bv Skunk river and its outlets. The W. 
i and NE. qr. 6, N. i 10, N. i 11, NW. qr. 12, 
E. ^ 13, fractional sees. 24 and 25, embrace all the 
1st rate timber land ; residue broken 3d rate timber 
land and inundated prairie. Growth, walnut, hack- 
berry, white ash, maple, hickory, pecan, and cotton, 
wood — on upland, white and black oak and hickory ; 
undergrowth, hazel and briers. 

Township 68 — Range 4, W. — Fractional. The 
greatest portion is very broken, the timber is generally 
scrubby. There is a scarcity of rock. It is but poorly 
watered. There are a few sections of prairie in the 
NW. corner, v/hich is of 1st rate quality. Lost 
creek passes through this township, but is of little 
importance ; the Mississippi river cuts off the SE. 
corner of the township. The NW. qr. sec. 1, N. i 
2, N. i 3, SW. qr. 5, S. i 6, sees. 7, 8, 9, SW. qr. 
2* 



18 DESCRIPTION OF 

10, SW. qr. 15, sees. 16, 17, 18, 20, W. ^ 21, NW. 

qr. 22, NW. qr. 28, NE. qr. 29, is 1st rate prairie 
land ; residue broken 2d and 3d rate timber land. 
Growth, principally white and black oak, and 
hickory ; undergrowth, hazel and briers ; fractional 
sec. 36, is alluvial bottom, subject to inundation by 
the freshets of the Mississippi river. 

Township 68 — Range 5, W. — Is abundantly sup- 
plied with timber of the best quality, also some valu- 
able stone quarries in the south and west parts. Sugar 
creek traverses the southwest part of this township, 
and affords water sufficient to propel machinery at 
least half the year. 

Sees. 1, 2, N. i 3, N. i 4, sees. 5, 6, NE. qr. 7, 
NW. qr. 8, NE. qr. 10, N. ^ 11, N. i 12, is 1st 
rate rolling prairie ; some 1st rate bottoms on Sugar 
creek, in sees. 29, 30 and 32 ; residue very broken^ 
3d rate ; the whole well watered. 

The village of West Point is situated on the south 
margin of a beautiful high rolling prairie, in the east 
half of sec. 5. Settlements making rapidly in this- 
township. 

Township 68 — Range 6, W.—zls principally 
prairie of first rate quality, skirted on the east and 
southwest with good timber, and well watered. 
Sugar creek passes through the eastern part of this 
township, and affords a sufficiency of water for 
milling at least half the year ; its banks have an 
abundance of good limestone suitable for building. 
Half-breed creek, a sluggish stream, passes through 
the SW. corner of the township, and is of but little 
use in propelling machinery, but is valuable for stock 
water. 

The W. i sec. 2, NE. qr. 3, SW. qr. 4, sees. 5, 
6, 7, 8, 9, SW. qr. 10, NW. qr. 14, N. i 15, sees. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 19 

16, 17, 18, E. i 19, sees. 20, 21, 22, SW. qr. 23, 

N. i 26, sees. 27, 28, 29, NE. part 30, E. i and 
NW. 32, sees. 33, 34, S. i 35, and SW. qr. 36, is 
1st rate prairie.— The NE. qr. 1, E. i 2, W. | and 
SE. qr. 3, E. i and NW. qr. 4, N. i 10, SW. qr. 
11, SE. qr. 14, S. i 15, W. ^ NW. and W. i SW. 
qrs. 19, NE. qr. 23, NE. qr. 25, SE. qr. 24, SW. part 
30, sec. 31, SW. qr. 32, and SE. qr. 36, embrace all the 
1st rate timber land ; residue broken 2d rate timber 
land. Growth, white, black, bur, and Spanish oak, 
-elm, hickory, lynn, and walnut ; undergrowth, hazel 
and briers. 

The village of Franklin is located on the NW. qr. 
sec. 25. 

Township 68 — Range 7, W. — Is handsomely 
^elevated ; it is of a pleasantly undulating surface, 
•consisting of large prairies well skirted with wood- 
land, and is well adapted to cultivation. 

This township is but tolerably supplied with water ; 
several small creeks have their source in this town- 
ship, passing out in a southeasterly direction, but not 
a sufficiency of water to justify the erection of mills 
or other machinery. Neither stone nor stone coal 
discovered, and very few good springs of water. 

Sees. 1, 2, N. i 12, 1st rate prairie ; sec. 16, W. ^ 
HI, N. i 22, sec. 23, NE. qr. 26, good 2d rate 
land. N. i 11, SW. qr. 12, W. i and SE. qr. 13, 
sec. 24, SW. qr. 23, S. | 22, E. ^ 21, SW. qr. and 
NE. qrs. 29, N. -i 28, sec. 27, W. ^ and SE. qr. 26, 
sec. 25, N. i 36, NE. qr. 35, em''brace all the 2d 
rate timber land ; sees. 30, 31, 32, 33, and W. i 34, 
3d rate timber land — residue 2d rate prairie; ex- 
cept S. I 10, SW. qr. 8, SW. qr. 7, N. i 18, NW. 
qr. 17, and SE. qr. 6, which embrace all the 3d rate 
prairie. Growth, bur, white, and red oak, hickory, 



20 DESCRIPTION OF 

ash, elm, and lynn ; undergrowth, hazel, thorn, and 
briers. Timber small, and of an inferior quality. 

Township 68 — Range 8, W. — Is well adapted to 
settlement and cultivation, being nearly all good tim- 
ber land, and well supplied with water. The Des 
Moines river passes nearly diagonally through the 
township, from NW. to SE. ; it is one of the most 
beautiful rivers in the world, a handsome limestone 
channel, brisk current at all places, water of equal 
depth, and free from bars, eddies, or driftwood ; 
though the banks are gentle, they do not overflow. 
Reads and Coats creeks flow over beautiful pebbly 
bottoms from the north into the Des Moines. Indian 
creek meanders along the south boundary ; it aflfords 
a sufficiency of water for propelling mills and other 
machinery. 

Inexhaustible quarries of stone are in the numerous 
bluff's and cliflfs — mostly lime, though in several 
places there appears to be a mixture of white free- 
stone in the same with the limestone ; stone coal of 
good quality is found abundantly in places, and some 
indications of iron ore. 

On the NW. qr. 36, there is coal and iron ore. — 
Sec. 1, E. i 2, NE. qr. and part NW. qr. 12, part 
E. ^ 13, part SE. qr. 24, part SE. qr. 25, sec. 19, 
S. 1 27, sec. 34, embrace all the prairie land, which 
is 2d rate ; the SW. qr. 9, E. ^ 17, sec. 16, S. \ 15, 
and E. fraction 45, embrace all the 1st rate land. 
N. i 9, N. i 18, N. 1 23, sees. 24, 25, and N. \ 36, 
broken 3d rate ; residue good 2d rate land. Growth, 
white, black, bur, red, and jack oak, ash, hickory, 
elm, cherry, lynn, sugar, honey-locust, and black 
walnut ; undergrowth, plum, thorn, and hazel. 

There are three villages in this township, viz., 
Farmington, on the E. frac. 35, and is the county 



LANDS IN IOWA. 21 

seat of Van Buren county, Palestine, on the NE. qr. 
17, Lexington, on the SE. qr. 7. Settlements are 
making rapidly. 

Township 68 — Range 9, W. — This township is 
high and beautifully rolling. Prairie and timber 
knd conveniently intermixed, having the appearance 
of old cuhivated fields ; the soil and timber of a good 
quality and well watered. The Des Moines river 
passes through the NE. corner of the township ; In- 
dian creek, a good mill-stream, passes through the 
SW. part ; Bear creek, a beautiful stream, rises in 
this township, runs N. easterly and empties into the 
Des Moines in sec. 1. 

There is an abundance of good limestone in the 
banks of Bear creek and its tributaries, and in the E. 
boundary of sec. 13 ; no stone coal or other mineral, 
except a salt lick on sec. 21, discovered. " The 
pure atmosphere, fine springs of pure water, and fine 
dry rich soil, make it a valuable township of land." 

The SE. qr. sec. 8, SW. qr. 9, W. \ 13, sec. 14, 
SE.qr. 15, sees. 22, 23, and 26, embrace all the 1st rate 
land, which is nearly all prairie ; sees. 27 and 28, 
E. I 29, sec. 20, NW. qr. 36, good 2d rate prairie ; 
sees. 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, 24, W. i 29, and sec. 30, em- 
brace all the good 2d rate timber land ; residue 
mostly 2d rate. Growth, white, bur, and black oak, 
hickory, sugar, elm, cherry, lynn, walnut, and honey- 
locust — on the bottoms, cottonwood and sycamore ; 
undergrowth on the upland, hazel, thorn, plum, and 
-crab-apple. The village of South Benton'' s Port is 
on the NE. qr. sec. 2. Settlements are making 
rapidly. 

Township 68 — Range 10, W. — Is beautifully 
rolling, dry and rich soil, an equal portion of prairie 
and timber land ; the whole well situated for farming 



22 DESCRIPTION OF 

and well watered. The Des Moines river makes a 
bend in and out of the NE. part of the township. 
Indian creek passes diagonally through the township 
from NW. to SE. ; it affords water sufficient for mills 
part of the year only. Fox river, a beautiful mill- 
stream, passes through the SW. part of the township. 
On Fox river the land is exceedingly rich and well 
timbered. There are no stone quarries or banks of 
stone coal, except near the Des Moines. There are 
two salt licks on sec. 20, much frequented by deer. 

The SW. qr. 8, S. i 34, is first rate timber land. 
Sees. 17, 18, 19, 20, and 21, S. i 23, sec. 28, E. i 
29, W. i 31, N. i 33, and N. i 34, embrace all 
the 1st rate prairie ; sees. 4, 5, 6, 7, N. ^ 8, NW. 
qr. and SE. qr. 9, SW. qr. 10, S. i 12, sees. 13, 14, 
15, 16, E. i 32, S. I 33, sees. 35 and 36, embrace 
all the 2d rate land, (which is timber and prairie 
conveniently intermixed ;) residue 3d rate. Growth 
on upland, white, bur, red, and jack oak, and hickory, 
timber of a good quality ; undergrowth, hazel, thorn, 
plum, and crab-apple. Growth on the bottoms, honey- 
locust, elm, black walnut, and lynn. Some few set- 
tlements are made in this township. 

Township 68 — Range 11, W. — Is about two- 
thirds dry rolling prairie, well calculated for grazing 
farms ; the soil in general is 2d rate ; there are some 
valuable groves of timber on Fox river and the 
south fork of Fox river. There is no stone of any 
kind, or stone coal in this township. It is well 
watered by Fox river and its tributaries. Fox river 
passes diagonally through the township from NW. 
to SE. ; it is a sluggish stream — low banks, and con- 
tinually changing its channel. 

Sees. 13, 27, 28, and 34, embrace all the 1st rate 
land, principally prairie. Sec. 1, S. ^ 2, N. ^ 4, 



LANDS IN IOWA. 23 

W. i 6, W. ^ and SE. qr. 7, SW. qr. and NE. 
qr. 8, E. i 12, SW. qr. 14, SE. qr. and part NW. 
and SW. qrs. 15, S. i 16, SE. qr. and NW. qr. 
17, N. i 18, E. i and NW. qr. 21, sees. 22, 23, 
24, S, i 29, S. i 30, NE. qr. 31, NE. qr. 32, 
W. I and SE. qr. 33, embrace all the good 2d rate 
timber land. The N. -i 2, sec. 3, E. ^ 4, sec. 5, 
E. i 6, E. i 9, sees. 10, 11, N. i 15, N. i 16, S. i 
26, N. i 29, SE. qr. 32, sees. 35 and 36^ embrace 
all the 2d rate prairie. The NE. qr. 7, NW. and 
SE. qrs. 8, W. i 12, N. i and SE. qr. 14, SW. qr. 
15, SW. qr. 17," S. i 18, sees. 19 and 20, SW. qr. 
21, N. I 30, W. I and SE. qr. 31, and W. i 32, 
embrace all the good 2d rate prairie land. Growth, 
white and bur oak, elm, lynn, hickory, honey-locust, 
birch, buckeye, and black walnut ; undergrowth, 
hazel, thorn, plum, and crab-apple. There are as 
yet no settlements. 



TOWNSHIP 69. 

Range 2, W. — Is fractional, embracing about 12 
sections, bounded on the east by the Mississippi 
river. The whole is in a state of high cultivation, 
being equally divided into prairie and timber land. 
Big Island lies in front of this township, and is cov- 
ered with a heavy growth of good timber. The 
city of Burlington is located on sec. 5, and fractional 
sec. 4. 

The SW. qr. 5, W. i and SE. qr. 6, sec. 7, W. i 
and SE. qr. 8, W. i and NE. qr. 17, E. l 18, SE. qr. 
30, sec. 31, embrace all the 1st rate prairie. W, ^ 
18, SW. qr. 30, fractional ' sec. 32, S. | fractional 
sec. 29, embrace all the 1st rate timber land. The 



24 DESCRIPTION OF 

NW. qr. 5, NE. qr. 6, sec. 16, SE. qr. 17, W. ^ and 
NE. qr. 19, NW. qr. 20, N. i 30, embrace all the 2d 
rate timber land ; residue broken 3d rate timber land. 
Growth, white, black and yellow oak, hickory, lynn,and 
ash ; on the bottoms, walnut, maple, and cottonwood. 

Township 69— Range 3, W. — Is beautiful high 
and rolling prairie and timber, equally interspersed, 
which renders it highly susceptible of cultivation. 
Beautiful running brooks or small streams of pure 
water pass through it in various directions, over beds 
of lime and other valuable rock, suitable for building. 
Of that portion along Skunk river, which passes 
through the SW. part of the township, not much can 
be said. The whole has the appearance of being in 
a high state of cultivation. 

Sec. 1, E. i and NW. qr. 2, NE. qr. 3, sees. 4, 5, 
6, E. i 7, W. i and NE. qr. and W. ^ SE. qr. 8, 
N. i and E. i SW. qr. and W. i SE. qr. 9, W. i 
12, E. i SE. qr. 12, W. ^ 13, middle part 16, E. ^ 
and E. ^ of W. ^ 17, NE. qr. 20, NW. qr. 24, W. ^ 
andSE. qr. 31, SE. qr. 32, SW. fraction 33, SE. qr. 34, 
S. ^ 35. and sec. 36, embrace all the 1st rate prairie, 
W. i SE. qr. 12, E. i 13, E. i 25, S. fraction of 30 
and SW. qr. 34, embrace all the 1st rate timber lands. 
Sees. 10, 11, E. i and NW. qr. 14, W. ^ 15, W. ^ 7, 
sec. 18, W. i 19, SE. qr. 20, sec. 21, NW. qr. 22, 
NE. qr. 23, SE, qr. 24, W. | 27, E. ^ and NW. qr. 28, 
N. fraction 30, (N. of river) NE. fraction 32, sec. 33, 
(E. of river) N. ^ 34, and N. i 35, embrace all the 2d 
rate land, which is part prairie ; residue broken 3d rate 
timber land. Growth on upland, white, black, red, and 
yellow oak, blackjack, hickory, and lynn ; on bottoms, 
sugar, walnut, honey-locust, elm, and cottonwood. 

Township 69 — Range 4, W. — Is high and rolling 
prairie and timber land, nearly equally divided, which 



LANDS IN IOWA. 25 

renders it valuable for farming purposes ; the whole 
well watered. Skunk river passes through this 
township near the centre from NW. to SE. ; it is 
rather a sluggish stream, obstructed by numerous 
willow bars or islands. 

Numerous beautiful running brooks or small 
streams of water pass through this township in 
various directions, over beds of lime and other valu- 
able rock, suitable for building. There are two vil- 
lages in this township, viz., Augusta, on the SW. qr* 
24, Denmark, on the corner 28, 29, 32, 33. 

The N. i 1, N. i 2, NE. qr. 3, N. H, S. i 19, S. i 
20, W. ^ 28, sees. 29, 30, SW. qr. 31, SW. qr. 33, 
NE. qr. 33, E. i and NW. qr. 34, S. i 35, S. ^ 3e, 
embrace all the 1st rate land, which is prairie. The 
S. i 3, SE. qr. 4, W. ^ 6, SW. qr. 7, E. i 12, E. i 
13, sec. 24, SW. qr. 21, NW. qr. 19, sec. 25, E. i 
26, NE. qr. 28, E. i and NW. qr. 31, see. 32, NW. 
qr. and SE. qr. 33, SW. qr. 34, N. i 35, and N. i 
36, embrace all the 2d rate land, which is principally 
timber land ; residue broken 3d rate upland and in- 
undated bottoms. Growth, white, bur, black, and 
yellow oak, hickory, elm, and lynn ; undergrowth, 
hazel and briers ; growth on the bottoms, bur oak, 
walnut, sugar, elm, hackberry, lynn, and cotton- 
wood. 

Township 69 — Range 5, W. — Is a good township 
of land, being nearly equally divided into prairie and 
timber land ; the prairie is generally 1st rate land. 
Skunk river passes through the NE. corner of the 
township ; the land bordering the river is broken^ 
and abounds with an abundance of lime and free stone 
of the best quality ; the timber is very scrubby, the 
bottoms on the river are generally small, and too 
low to cultivate. 

3 



26 DESCRIPTION OF 

The NW. qr, 5, W. i 7, E. h 8, SW. qr. 14, SE. 
qr. 15, W. i 16, sees. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 
N. i 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, N. i 30, sees. 31, 32, 33, 
34, 35, W. i and SE. qr. 36, embrace all the 1st 
rate prairie land. The S. -| 25, S. i 30, NE. qr. 36, 
embrace all the 1st rate timber land. The SW. qr. 
5, sec. 6, SE. qr. 10, E. ^ 12, E. ^ 13, is a mixture 
of prairie and timber land, 2d rate soil. N. fraction 
sec, 1, good 2d rate timber land; residue broken 3d 
rate timber land. Growth on upland, white, black, 
bur oak, hickory, elm ; undergrowth, hazel and 
briers ; growth on bottoms, cottonwood, walnut, 
maple, and lynn. 

Township 69— Range 6, W. — Is about two-thirds 
prairie, which is principally 1st rate. Sugar creek 
has its source in this township, heading in a large 
marsh in the SW. qr. 5, SE. qr. 6, NE. qr. 7, NW. 
qr. 8, meandering southeasterly through the town- 
ship. The land bordering the creeks is broken, and 
abounds with quarries of good lime and free stone ; 
the timber is very good near the creeks ; there is 
rather a scarcity of good water, and also of water 
power. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, E. i and NW. qr. 5, W. ^ and 
NE. qr. 6, sec. 7, E. i and SW. qr. 8, sees. 9, 10, 
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, W. ^ 21, N. 
i 22, E. i and NW. qr. 23, N. i 24, S. ^ 27, S. ^ 
and NW. qr. 28, NE. qr. 29, sees. 30, 31, SW. qr. 
32, NE. qr. 33, NW. qr. and W. ^ NE. and W. ^ 
SE. qr. 34, embrace nearly all the prairie, which 
is 1st rate. Sees. 25, 26, N. ^ 27, E. i 21, S. ^ 22, 
NE. qr. 28, W. i and SE. qr. 29, N. i and S. qr. 
32, W. i and SE. qr. 33, SW. qr. 34, sees. 35 and 
36, embrace all the 2d rate timber land. The village 
of Tuscarora is located on the SW. qr. sec. 34. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 27 

Growth, white, bur, and black oak, hickory, and 
elm ; undergrowth, hazel and briers. 

Township 69 — Range 7, W. — Is principally all 
1st rate prairie, with the exception of a small portion 
of timber land, in the NW. corner of the township, 
on Little Cedar creek, a small stream passing through 
the NW. corner of the township. 

The W. i 4, sec. 5, NE. qr. and SE. qr. 6, sec. 
7, 8, W. ^ 9, embrace all the timber land, which 
is broken 2d rate soil. Growth, white and black 
oak, hickory, lynn, elm, and walnut; residue nearly 
all 1st rate prairie, poorly supplied with water, and 
stone of any kind. 

Township 69 — Range 8, W. — This township is 
handsomely elevated on the height of land between 
the Des Moines and Skunk rivers ; it is of a pleasantly 
undulating surface, consisting of large prairies, 
broadly skirted with wood, exhibiting the appear- 
ance of old cultivated farms, with reservations of 
spacious wood lots ; the soil and timber of a good 
quality. The whole township is well supplied with 
small streams and springs of water. Little Cedar, 
Coats, and Reads creeks have their sources within 
this township, but are of no value for propelling 
machinery ; along the banks of the streams are 
some fine quarries of limestone,* and stone coal 
abounds to a considerable extent, but of an inferior 
quality. 

Sec. 1, N. i 2, N. i 3, NE. qr. 4, E. i 6, NE. 
qr. sec. 7, SE. qr. 10, SW. qr. 11, E. i 12, E. i 
13, are of 1st rate quality ; residue principally good 
2d rate land, with handsome groves bordering the 
streams. Sec. 31 is beautifully rolling, good 2d 
rate land, well timbered and no underbrush ; good 
limestone. Growth, white, red, black, and jack oak. 



28 DESCRIPTION OF 

hickory, elm, lynn, cherry, and walnut ; underbrush, 
hazel, thorn, prickly ash, crab-apple, and plum. 

Township 69 — Range 9, W. — Is generally good 
soil and timber, and well situated for cultivation. It 
is well watered by the Des Moines river, which 
passes through the SW. part of the township ; there 
is an abundance of good limestone in various parts 
of the township, also several banks of stone coal of 
good quality. 

The E. i 24, NE. qr. and N. ^ NW, qr. 13, E 
i and E. ^ NW. qr. and E. i SW. qr. 12, E. ^ and 
NW. qr. 1, N. ^ 2, N. i and SW. qr. 3, N. i 4, em- 
brace all the prairie land, which is 2d rate ; all the 
land SW. of the river Des Moines is good 2d rate ; 
the NW. qr. 35, W. ^ 27, SW. qr. 22, and W. frac 
tion 29, embrace all the 1st rate land in the town- 
ship ; sees. 9, 10, 11, W. ^ 15, SW. qr. 17, S. ^ 18, 
sees. 19, 30, and N. fraction 31, good 2d rate ; resi- 
due broken 3d rate. Growth on the upland, white, 
black, bur, and red oak, hickory, elm, and lynn ; 
on the bottoms, cottonwood, sugar, lynn, black wal- 
nut, and elm ; undergrowth on upland, plum, thorn, 
crab-apple, and hazel. There are three villages 
located in this township, viz., Benton Port, on the 
SE. qr. 35, Columbia, on theSW. qr. 27, and Roches- 
ter, on the W. fraction 29. 

Township 69 — Range 10, W. — Is a good town- 
ship of land, and affording almost every inducement 
to settlers. The soil and timber is good, stone and 
stone coal in an abundance, and good, excellent 
springs of pure water. This township is well watered : 
the Des Moines river enters near the NW. corner of 
the township and passes out through the SE. corner ; 
it is a beautiful stream passing over a smooth rock 
oottom, unobstructed by sand bars or island. Che- 



LANDS IN IOWA. 29 

quest creek, an excellent mill-stream, enters the 
township in sec. 18, and passes through sees. 17, 19^ 
20, 21, 22, 28, and enters the Des Moines river in 
sec. 27. A part of the SW. corner of the township 
is exceedingly brushy, though the soil is excellent. 
The SE. qr. 24, sec. 25, SE. i 26, N. ^ 35, and 
the S. ^ 31, embrace principally all the prairie, 
which is 2d rate ; the SW. qr. 1, S. i 2, S. ^ 3, 
sec. 4, E. i5,E. i 11, W. fraction 12, W. fraction 

13, E. i 14, NE. fractional qr. 27, embrace all the 
1st rate land. N. i sec. 2, N. i 3, sees. 6, 7, 8, 9, 
10, W. i 11, E. fraction 12, E. fraction 13, W. 4 

14, sees. 15, 16, 17, N. i 18, NE. qr. 20, sees. 21, 
22, 23, N. i and SW. qr. 24, NW. fractional i 26, 
NW, and SE. qr. 27, embrace all the good 2d rate 
land. Sees. 28, 29, S. i 30, N. i 31, sec. 32, W. i 
33, E. fraction 34, SE. qr. 35, and sec. 36, embrace 
all the 2d rate land ; residue 3d rate. There is an 
extensive coal bank on the SW. qr. 6, and another 
on the NW. qr. 4. There are several villages laid 
off in this township, viz., Van Buren and Bes Moines 
City, on the N. fraction 0^36, Rising Sun, on sec. 27, 
just below the junction of Chequest creek with the 
Des Moines, Philadelphia, on the SW. qr. 1, and 
SE. qr. 2, and at the junction of Lick creek with 
the Des Moines. Growth on the bottoms, walnut, 
sugar, lynn, elm, cottonwood, birch, honey-locust, 
and maple ; on the upland, white, black, and bur oak, 
hickory, mulberry, cherry, elm, and ironwood ; un- 
derbrush, hazel, jack oak, thorn, plum, and crab- 
apple. 

3* 



30 DESCRIPTION OF 



TOWNSHIP 70, 



Range 1, W. — Is but a small fraction, containing 
42 acres, much cut up with bayous ; the whole in- 
undated bottom. 

Township 70 — Range 2, W. — Is a fractional 
township, caused by the Mississippi river, which 
passes on the SE. side from NE. to SW., taking of! 
about one-third of the township. This township is 
nearly equally divided into high and rolling land, 
and inundated bottoms much cut up with bayous, 
Flint creek meanders through the SW. part and 
enters the Mississippi in sec. 33 ; it affords a suffi- 
ciency of water for propeUing machinery. The 
whole township is but poorly described by the sur- 
veyor. The NW. qr. 3, N. i 4, NE. qr, 5, SW. 
qr. 16, SE, qr. 17, NE. qr. 20, NW. qr. 21, SW. 
qr. 30, W. ^ 31, embrace all the 1st rate prairie. 
The NW. qr. 1, NE. and E. i NW. qr. 2, is level 
inundated prairie. The SE. qr. and NW. qr. 5, NE. 
qr. 6, NE. qr. 7, NE. qr. 8, W. ^ and SE. qr. 20, 
E. ^ 19, NE. qr. 32, embrace all the dry 1st rate 
timber land. Sees. 1, 2, SE. qr. 3, SE. qr. 9, E. ^ 
and SW. qr. 10, sees. 11, 14, 15, SE. ^ 16, SE. qr. 
20, sees. 21, 22, 27, 28, and E. part 29, is inun- 
dated bottom, but 1st rate soil, mostly well timbered; 
residue rolling 2d rate timber land. There are two 
islands which are meandered in front of this township, 
embracing part of sees. 15, 21, 22, 27, and 28. 
Growth, black, white, bur, and yellow oak, hickory, 
elm, and lynn ; on bottoms, cottonwood, sycamore, 
buckeye, sugar, hackberry, maple, and willow. The 
city of Burlington is partly located in this townsliip 
on sees. 32 and 33. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 31 

Township 70 — Range 3, W. — Is more than 
three-fourths timber land, high, dry, and rolling, with 
some beautiful prairies bordering on the south ; 
beautiful streams of water pass through this township 
and empty themselves into Flint creek, a good mill- 
stream passing through the NE. part of the town- 
ship ; it affords a sufficiency of water for mills part of 
the year ; two saw-mills are built, and the third in pro- 
gress on it. The face of the country bordering the 
streams is broken, but valuable for its oak and hickory 
timber. Springs are not common among the bluffs. 

The surveyor has not noted any stone among the 
numerous bluffs, nor located his bluffs to any particu- 
lar place. The southern part is in a high state of 
cultivation. 

The SW. qr. sec. 1, E. i 2, E. i and NW. qr. 3, 
W. ^ 4, sec. 5, N. | 6, E. | 9, S. I 10, sec. 11, W. 
i 12, SW. qr. 13, sec. 14, N. i 15, NE. qr. 16, N. 
i and SE. qr. 23, and NW. qr. 24, embrace all the 
1st rate timber land. The W. i 2, S. ^ 6, W. ^ 7, 
NW. qr. 18, SW. qr. 25, E. i and SW. qr. 26, sec. 
27, except E. i NE. sec. 28, S. ^ and S. ^ NE. 29, 
S. ^ 30, sees. 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, and 36, embrace all 
the 1st rate prairie land ; residue broken 2d rate land, 
well timbered. Growth on the bottoms, cottonwood, 
elm, lynn, hackberry, black walnut, and sugar ; on 
the upland, white, black, and yellow oak, hickory, 
and lynn ; undergrowth, hazel and briers. 

Township 70 — Range 4, W. — Is principally beau- 
tiful high rolling prairie, except small portions in the 
NE., NW., SW., and E., which is timber land. 
■Springs of water are rare ; stone of any kind scarce ; 
some, however, is found in a small creek passing 
through sees. 19 and 30. The whole township 
is poorly supplied with water. 



32 DESCRIPTION OF 

The N. i 1, N. i 2, SW. qr. 6, NW. qr. 7, SE. 
qr. 13, SW. qr. 18, W. ^ 19, E. i NE. and E. i 
SE. qr. 24, sees. 30, 31, E. ^ 33, W. ^ 34, embrace 
all the good 2d rate timber land. The W. i and 
SE. qr. 32, is 1st rate timber and prairie land ; resi- 
due 1st rate rolling prairie. Growth, white, black, 
and yellow oak, elm, and hickory ; undergrowth, 
hazel and briers. There are two villages laid off 
in this township, viz., Centreville, on the corner of 
sees. 11, 12, 13, and 14, and Danville, on the SW. 
qr. 20. 

Township 70 — Range 5, W. — Is principally all 
timber land, except two small prairies, one in the 
northeastern and the other in the southwestern part 
of the township : surface generally rolling, and 
somewhat broken in the interior, and bordering on 
Skunk river. 

Skunk river passes through the SW. part of the 
township, and is generally free from sand bars, and 
but few willow islands — brisk current over a rock 
bottom. 

The bottoms on the river vary from ^ to | of a 
mile in width, mostly smooth and dry. 

There are numerous small streams running in 
various directions over rock beds into Skunk river ; 
springs of pure water are not uncommon among the 
bluffs. Stone is found in an abundance in the banks 
of the river and its tributaries, and particularly Big 
creek ; this stone is a mixture of lime and free stone. 

The E. } NE. qr. sec. 1, E. ^ SE. qr. 12, NE. 
and E. i SW. and SE. qr. 13, N. i NE. qr. 24, 
middle part of W. fraction 34, is 2d rate. The SE. 
qr. 19, SW. qr. 20, SW. qr. 29, sec. 30, NE. qr. 31, 
W. i and W. i E. I 32, embrace all the 1st rate 
prairie. The NW. qr. 2, NE. qr. 3, SW. qr. 3, 



LANDS IN IOWA, 33 

SE. qr. 4, N. i 5, NW. qr. 6, SW. qr. 7, NE.qr. 9, 
W. i 13, SE. qr. 14, SW. qr. 17, sec. 18, W. i. 
and NE. qr. 19, E. i and NW. qr. 20, E. | 23, W. 
i 24, NE. qr. 26, S. i 27, S. J- and NW. qr. 28, E. 
i and NW. qr. 29, SW. qr. 31, SE. qr. 34, SW. 
qr. 35, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; resi- 
due broken 2d and 3d rate timber land. Growth, 
white, black, bur, and yellow oak, hickory, lynn, 
elm, black walnut, butternut, sugar, hackberry, 
honey-locust, cherry, buckeye, ironwood, cotton- 
wood, and maple. 

The village of Baltimore is located on the corner 
of sees. 17, 18, 19, 20, on the north bank of Skunk 
river. 

Township 70 — Range 6, W. — Is nearly equally 
>divided into prairie and timber land, the SW. part 
being high rolling prairie, and the NE. part rolling 
timber land. This township is well watered. Skunk 
river flows through it from NW. to SE. with a brisk 
current, somewhat, however, obstructed by small 
islands. Big creek, a good mill- stream, passes in a 
southeasterly direction through the NE. part of the 
township. Fish creek, a beautiful running stream^ 
enters from the NW. and passes nearly centrally 
through the township, and discharges itself into Skunk 
river. There are numerous small streams from 
every direction flowing into the river. 

The S. 1 5, sees. 6, 7, 8, W. \ 9, E. fractional i 
15, SW. fraction 14, W. 1 18, W. | and SE. qr. 19, 
SW. qr. 20, SE. qr. 21, W. ^ and SE. qr. 22, NE. 
and SW. qr. 25, S. ^ 26, SE. qr. 27, SW. qr. 28, 
W^ i and SE. qr. 29, sees. 30, 31, 32, 33, SW. qr. 
34, SE. qr. 36, embrace all the 1st rate prairie. 
Sees. 17, E. i 18, SE. qr. 20, W. ^ and NE. qr. 21, 
NW. qr. 26, NE. qr. 27, E. ^ and NW. qr. 34, 



34 DESCRIPTION OF 

sec. 35, W. ^ 36, embrace all the prairie which is 
2d rate. The N. ^ 1, sec. 2, NE. qr. SW. qr. 3, 
W. i 4, N. i 5, SE. qr. 10, SW. qr. 11, S. ^ 13, 
SE. qr. 14, N. i 20, NE. qr. 22, W. fraction 23, 
and E. fraction 23, sec. 24, NW. qr. 25, NE. qr. 
26, W. i 27, E. I 28, and NW. qr 28, embrace all 
the 1st rate timber land; residue 2d rate timber 
land. Growth on upland, white, black, bur, and yel- 
low oak, and hickory ; undergrowth bordering the 
prairies, hazel, thorn, and crab-apple — on the bot- 
toms, walnut, elm, lynn, sugar, buckeye, ash, cotton- 
wood, sycamore, and maple. 

Township 10— Range 7, W. — Embraces every 
variety of soil and timber ; there is prairie and tim- 
ber sufficiently interspersed to render the whole valu- 
able. The soil in the prairie is of the richest quality. 
The timber is in general of a good quality. Little 
Cedar creek, a beautiful stream, passes nearly 
through the centre of the township ; the water pure 
and limpid, flowing in its course over a sandy bottom, 
and so copious as to form several fine mill-seats ; it 
forms a junction with Big Cedar creek in sec. 17. 
Big Cedar is a beautiful stream, bold current, rock 
bottom, passing through N W. corner of the township. 
There is an abundance of limestone in the banks of 
the streams suitable for building. 

Sees. 1, 2, E. ^ 3, sees. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. 
E. i and SW. 16, NE. qr. 21, N. ^ 22, N. | and 
SE. qr. 23, sees. 24, 25, S. ^ 35, sec. 36, S. | 34, 
W. i 33, E. i and NW. qr. 32, NE. qr. 31, W. ^ 
28, S. I 27, S. i 30, is 1st rate prairie ; residue 
good 2d rate timber land. Growth on upland, oak 
and hickory ; undergrowth, hazel and briers ; on bot- 
toms, walnut, lynn, birch, maple, buckeye, and elm. 
There are two villages in this township, viz., Salem, 



LANDS IN IOWA. 35 

on the W. ^ NW. qr. 24, and Washington, on the 
S. i NW. qr. 30. 

Township 70 — Range 8, W. — Mostly consists of 
prairie, skirted on the north with 1st rate timber. 
Big Cedar creek passes along its north boundary, and 
affords several valuable mill-seats; great quantities 
of limestone of a good quality are found in the banks 
of the streams. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, N. parts of 7, sees. 8, 9, 10, 
11, E. i 12, sec. 13, E. i 14, N. i 23, N. f 24, part 
E. i 36, good 2d rate timber land ; creek bottoms 
1st rate. Growth, white and bur oak, and hickory ; 
on the bottoms, lynn, elm, buckeye, and walnut ; 
residue 1st rate rolling prairie. 

Township 70 — Range 9, W. — Comprises almost 
every variety of soil and timber; being nearly equally 
divided with prairie and timber land, renders it de- 
sirable to settlers. There are no streams of import- 
ance, though sufficient for the grazing of stock. Lick 
creek heads in sec. 14, and passes through sees. 23, 
26, 27, 28, 29, 30, and 31, where it leaves the town- 
ship ; several other small streams head in this town- 
ship, and run in various directions ; there is some 
good limestone in the banks of Lick creek. 

Sec. 1, S. i 2, SE. qr. 3, W. ^ 6, sec. 7, SW. qr. 
8, E. i 10, sees. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, N. i 17, 
sec. 18, N. i 21, NW. qr. and E. i 22, N. i and 
E. i SE. qr. 23, sees. 24, 25, E. | 2'6, SE. qr. 32, 
S. i 33, S. i 34, S. i and NE. qr. 35, sec. 36, 1st rate, 
nearly all rolling prairie. The SE. qr. 4, SE. qr. 9, 
N. i 19, NE. qr. 20, E. ^ SE. qr. 29, W. i- SW. qr. 
28, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; residue 
good 2d rate timber land. Growth on upland, white 
and black oak, and hickory ; undergrowth, plum, 
crab-apple, thorn, hazel, and briers ; on the bottoms, 



36 DESCRIPTION OP 

walnut, cherry, lynn, hackberry, elm, and birch. The 
village of Parkersville is located on the N W. qr. 17, 



TOWNSHIP 71. 

Kaiige 1, W. — Is a fractional township, em^ 
bracing about 17 sections, the whole inundated rich 
alluvial bottom, part prairie, much cut up with 
bayous. The Mississippi river passes in front of 
this township in a southwesterly direction; there 
are several islands in the river, which are low and 
overflowed, and of but httle value except for wood. 
Growth, black, bur, and Spanish oak, hickory, lynn, 
hackberry, sugar, elm, mulberry, honey-locust, 
maple, white ash, and willow. Fractional sec. 3^ 
NE. qr. 4, fractional sees. 10, 15, 21, 22, SE. ^ 16, 
SE. I 20, fractional sees. 28, 29, SE. qr. 30, and 
fractional sec. 31, embrace all the timber land ; resi- 
due prairie and marsh. The NE. qr. 30, E. i 19, 
and SE. qr. 18, is dry enough for cultivation. 

Township 71 — Range 2, W.—ls tolerably well sit- 
uated for agricultural purposes, being high, dry, and 
rolling, and interspersed with timber (which is by far 
the greatest portion) and prairie. The timber on the 
upland is generally small and inferior. This township 
is poorly supplied with water ; there is a small creek 
passing from NW. to SE. through the township, with 
numerous tributaries intersecting it from every direc- 
tion ; though none of importance for propelling machin- 
ery of any kind, and but few springs of good water. 
Stone is rare, except near the creeks, which is valu- 
able for building. There is a ledge of sandstone on 
the line between sees. 27 and 28. There is but a 
small pbrtion of this township which can be called 



LANDS IN IOWA. 37 

1st rate, the greatest portion being 2d and 3d rate. 
The Mississippi bluffs pass through this township 
from north to south. 

The E. i sec. 1, sees. 12, 13, SE. corner 14, SE. 
part 23, sees. 24, 25, E. i 26, E. | 35, and sec. 36, 
embrace the bottom land under the bluffs, which is 
1st rate prairie, much cut up with slues. Growth on 
the upland, white, black, and yellow oak, hickory and 
ash ; undergrowth, hazel and briers ;' on bottoms, 
elm, lynn, sugar, buckeye, bur oak, and sycamore. 

The SW. qr. 9, E. i 10, W. ^ 11, W. i 14, E. i 
15, N. i 16, NE. qr. 17, SW. qr. 26, SE. qr. 27, 
embrace all the 1st rate timber land. The NW. 
qr. 1, sees. 2, 3, 4, 5, NE. qr. 6, S. ^ 7, sees. 8, 9, 
W. i 10, E. i 11, W. i 12, E. i 14, W. i 15, SE. 
and NW. qrs. 17, NE. qr. 18, S. i 19, sees. 20, 21, 
E. i 22, W. i 23, NW. qr. 26, NE. qr. and SW. 
qr. 27, NE. qr. 28, SW. qr. 29, sees. 30, 31, 32, 
SW. qr. 33, E. i 34, W. i 35, embrace all the 2d 
rate timber land. The S. i 18, SW. qr. 17, N. i 19, 
SW. qr. 28, E. i 29, E. i and NW. qr. 33, W. i 34, 
embrace all the 1st rate dry prairie ; residue broken 
3d rate timber land. 

Township 71 — Range 3, W. — Has an equal por- 
tion of prairie and timber land. The prairie is gen- 
erally rolling and well adapted to cultivation, being 
principally 1st rate soil. This township is but poorly 
supplied with water ; Flint creek and several other 
small streams have their sources within it, but are 
of no value for propelling machinery of any kind. 

The bottoms on Flint creek are narrow, and a con- 
siderable part is subject to inundation. The land 
adjoining the creeks is broken and hilly, but is 
covered with good timber. Growth on upland, white, 
black, and bur oak, and hickory; undergrowth, hazel, 
4 



38 I?ESCRIPTION OF 

thorn, and plum ; on the bottoms, black walnut, elm^ 
lynn, bur oak, hackberry, buckeye, ash, sycamore, 
and honey-locust. 

The SE. qr. 8, NE. qr. 17, SW. qr. 19, NE. qr. 
20, NE. qr. 27, S. ^ and NW. qr. 30, N. ^ 31, SE. 
qr. 32, SW. qr. 33, embrace all the 1st rate timber 
land. The W. i 1, sees. 2, 3, 4, 5, E. i 6, NE. qr. 
7, N. i 8, N. 1 9, E. i and NW. qr. 10, sec. 11, W. i 
and SE. qr. 1^, sees. 13, 14, 15, SE. qr. 16, E. i and 
NW. qr. 20, sees. 21, 2^2, 23, 24, W. | 25, sec. 26, 
E. i 34, W. i and NE. qr. 35, NW. qr. 36, embrace 
all the prairie which is 1st rate ; residue broken 2d 
rate timber land. The village of Franklin, consisting 
of 4 or 5 houses, is located on the SE. qr. sec. 15. 

Township 71 — Range 4, W. — Is nearly equally 
divided into prairie and timber land ; the whole high 
and rolling, beautifLilly situated for farming, and well 
watered by Flint creek and its tributaries, which pass 
through the township in a southeasterly direction ; 
the water is generally clear and pure, and in many 
places durable. Rock is found in abundance along 
the banks of Flint creek and its tributaries. Growth 
on upland, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, lynn, 
and ironwood ; undergrowth, hazel, plum, thorn, and 
crab-apple ; on the bottoms, butternut, elm, walnut, 
hackberry, and sycamore. 

The S. i 7, NW. qr. 15, S. i- 20, S. 1 21, SW. qr. 22, 
SE. qr. 23, SW. qr.24, N W. qr. 25, NE.qr.26, embrace 
all the 1st rate timber land. The E. ^ 1, SW. qr. 4, 
SE. qr. 5, E. i 8, sec. 9, E. ^ 12, sees. 13, 14, E. ^ 
and SW. qr. 15, sees. 16, 17^ 18, E. i and SW. qr. 
19, N. 1 20, N. I 21, E. I and NW. qr. 22, W. x 
and NE. qr. 23, E. i and NW. qr. 24, E. | and SW. 
qr. 25, NW. qr. 27, sec. 36, SE. qr. 35, embrace 
all the timber land in the township which is 2d 



LANDS IN IOWA. 39 

mte. The W. | 1, sec. 2, E. i and NW. qr. 
3, N. i 4, W. i and NE. qr. 5, E. i 6, NE. qr. 7, 
NW. qr. 8, E. i 10, sec. 11, W. i 12, NW. qr. 13, 
NE. qr. 14, W. I 26, E. ^ and SW. qr. 27, sees. 29, 
30, 31, SE. qr. 33, sec. 34, W. i 35, embrace all 
the 1st rate prairie ; residue 2d rate prairie. This 
township is rapidly settling ; nearly all the desirable 
tracts are claimed. 

Township 71 — Range 5, W. — Is mostly prairie, 
which is generally rolling and of the richest quality, 
except some few sections in the interior, which is 
level and inclined to be wet. It is tolerably well 
watered by Big creek in the north and Brush creek 
in the south, but these streams are of little value ex- 
cept for stock water ; there is an abundance of good 
building stone in Brush creek and its tributaries. 
Growth, white, black, and jack oak, and hickory ; 
undergrowth, thorn, plum, crab-apple, and scrub oak. 

The NW. qr. 6, sec. 31, W. i 32, SE. qr. 34, 
SW. qr. 35, embrace all the 1st rate timber land. 
The SE. qr. 12, E. i 13, E. i 24, SE. | 29, sec. 
28, S, i 27, SW. qr. 26, E. i 32, sec. 33, W. i and 
NE. qr. 35, and SW. qr. 36, embrace all the 2d rate 
timber land. The W. i 1, SW. qr. 3, S. i 4, sec. 
5, E. i and SW. qr. 6, NW. qr. 7, E. i 8, E. ^ 
and NW. qr. 9, sees. 10, 11, W. | 12, W. i 13, sec. 
14, E. i 15, W. i 18, W. i 19, SE. qr. 20, sees. 
21, 22, 23, W. I 24, sec. 25, E. ^ and NW. qr. 26, 
N. i 27, NW. diagonal i 29, sec. 30, E. i and NW. 
qr. 36, embrace all the 1st rate prairie; residue 
2d rate prairie land. This township is settling 
rapidly, and is well improved adjoining the timber. 

The village of New London is located on the NW. 
qr. 26, it contains 5 or 6 houses and 1 store. 

Township 71 — Range 6, W, — Is nearly equally 



40 DESCRIPTION OF 

divided into prairie and timber land, of the 1st quality, 
being high, dry, and rolling, the whole well watered. 
Skunk river passes through the SW. corner of the 
township ; it has some fine bottoms covered with a 
heavy growth of good timber. Big creek, a valuable 
mill-stream, passes from NW. to SE. through the 
township ; it is bisected by numerous brooks of pure 
running water passing over smooth rock bottoms. 

There is an abundance of good building stone in 
the banks of Big creek and its tributaries. Growth 
on upland, white, black, and yellow oak, hickory, 
lynn, and ironwood ; undergrowth, plum, thorn, 
crab-apple, and hazel ; on bottoms, buckeye, sugar, 
elm, bur oak, birch, hackberry, butternut, and black 
walnut. 

The NE. qr. 1, NE. qr. 2, sees. 6, 7, SE. qr. 8, 
W. I and SW. qr. 9, W. ^ and SE. qr. 18, sec. 19, 
NE. qr. 20, SW. qr. 25, S. i 26, sec. 30, E. i 31, S. 
i 32, SW. qr. 33, N. ^ and SE. qr. 35, and sec. 36, 
embrace all the 1st rate timber land. The SW. qr. 15, 
W. i and SE. qr. 16, sec. 17, NE. qr. 18, W. ^ and 
SE. qr. 20, sees. 21, 22, S. ^ of the S. i of 23,N.i 26, 
sees. 27, 28, 29, N. i 32, E. ^ and NW. qr. 33. sec. 
34, and SW. qr. 35, embrace all the timber land 
which is 2d rate ; residue rolling 1st rate prairie. 

This township is rapidly settling. The village of 
Mount Pleasant is located near the centre of section 
9, and is at present the seat of justice for Henry 
county ; it contains about 100 houses, 1 tavern, 4 
stores, and several mechanic shops. 

Tov^NSHip 71 — Range 7, W. — Is made up of all 
the varieties of soil and timber that is common to 
the country. Skunk river passes through the NE. 
part of the township ; the bottoms along its margin 
are of 1st rate soil. Cedar creek passes northwardly 



LANDS IN IOWA. 41 

within 2 miles from the west boundary, and forms a 
junction with Skunk river in the NE. qr. sec. 9 ; on 
its margins are some excellent bottoms surrounded 
with a fine body of good timber. 

This township is remarkable for good sugar camps. 
Limestone in abundance in all the bluffs, and along 
the brooks. This township may be considered one 
amongst the best watered townships in the territory. 

Sec. 1, SE. qr. 2, SW. qr. 3, SE. qr. 6, NE. qr. 
7, N. i 9, sec. 10, SW. fraction 11, NE. qr. 13, E.^ 
14, E. ^ and W. ^ NW. qr. 24, embrace all the 1st 
rate timber land. The SW. qr. 5, W. i 8, SW. qr. 30, 
.NW. qr. 31, E. ^ 34, sees. 35 and 36, may be con- 
sidered 1st rate prairie. The N. ^ 2, E. |^ 3, sec. 
4, NE. qr. 5, W. i 6, W. i and SE. qr. 7, E. i 8, 
NE. qr. 11, E. i and NW. qr. 12, W. ^ and NE. 
qr. 13, W. i 14, E. | 15, NW. qr. 17, sees. 18, 19, 
SW; and NE. qr. 20, E. ^ and SW. qr. 21, sec. 23, 
E. i of NW. and SW. qr. 24, E. i 25, W. i 29, W. 
i 27, E. i and NW. qr. 30, E. i and SW. qr. 31, 
sec. 32, SW. qr. and NE. qr. 33, NW. qr. 34, in- 
elude all the 2d rate timber land. The W. ^ 15, 
E. ^ 16, sec. 22, W. ^ 25, sec. 26, E. ^ 27, embrace 
all the prairie which is 2d rate ; residue 3d rate tim- 
ber land. Growth on upland, white, black, bur, and 
red oak, hickory, jack oak, and aspen ; undergrowth, 
hazel, plum, thorn, and briers ; on the bottoms, lynn, 
buckeye, elm, sugar, walnut, hackberry, red and bur 
oak. This township is rapidly settling ; there is one 
mill on Cedar creek in sec. 28. 

Township 71 — Range 8, W. — Comprises a variety 
of soil, and is nearly equally divided into prairie and 
timber land. The prairies are well adapted to culti- 
vation, also a considerable portion of the timber land. . 
In the NE. comer of the township, the soil is of 3d 
4* 



42 DESCRIPTION OF 

rate quality. In regard to water privileges, Cedar 
creek passes along and through the south boundary, 
it affords a sufficiency of water for propelling all 
kinds of machinery. There is an abundance of good 
building stone in various places, together with large 
quantities of stone coal. Growth on upland, is gen- 
erally white and black oak, and hickory ; under- 
growth, hazel, plum, thorn, and briers ; on the bot- 
toms bordering the creeks, bur oak, lynn, elm, birch, 
and Cottonwood. 

The NW. qr. 4, N. i 5, N. i and SW. qr. 6, S. 
i and SE. qr. 7, S. i SE. and S. i of SW. qr. 8, SE. 
qr. and NW. qr. 16, N. a and SW. qr. 17, sec. 18, 
N. 1 19, NW. qr. 20, E. i 21, sec. 22, W. i 23, 
S. 1 25, sec. 26, E. i 27, SE. qr. 33, SW. qr. 34, 
and NE. qr. 36, embrace all the 1st rate land, and 
is mostly all prairie ; the residue is 2d and 3d rate, 
of which the greatest portion is 3d rate, and is thinly 
timbered. 

Township 71- — Range 9, W. — Embraces a large 
portion of good soil well adapted to the purposes of 
agriculture ; the northeastern part is principally 
prairie of a very superior quality ; the surrounding 
timber is somewhat scattering, or thinly interspersed 
over the surface. There is an abundance of good 
building stone, together with several beds of stone 
coal in and near the banks of Cedar creek. 

Cedar creek and its tributaries are the principal 
streams in the township, the former meanders through 
the southern part of the township, and affords several 
valuable mill-seats, one of which is on the SE. qr. of 
sec. 27. Timber on upland, scrubby white, black, 
and bur oak, and hickory ; undergrowth, hazel, plum, 
thorn, and briers ; on the bottoms, maple, elm, lynn, 
buckeye, cottonwood, wahut, and birch. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 43 

The NE. qr. 1, sec. 2, N. i 3, N. ^ and SW. qr. 
i, E. i 5, NE. qr. 8, NW. qr. 9, NE. qr. 10, E. i 
and NW. qr. 11, W. i 12, sec. 13, E. i 14, NE. qr. 
23, and N. ^ 24, embrace all the 1st rate prairie. 
The NE. qr. 6, SE. qr. 18, NE. qr. 19, S. ^ 28, S. 
^ 27, SW. qr. 26, SE. qr. 34, SW. qr. 35, SW. qr. 
36, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; residue 2d 
and 3d rate land. There are several settlers scattered 
over this township. 



TOWNSHIP 72. 

Range 1, W. — Is fractional, embracing about half 
an entire township ; it is mostly level, wet, inundated 
prairie, interspersed with several large ponds — poorly 
supplied with timber. The Mississippi river passes 
this township from north to south ; there is a large 
island four and a half miles long by one and a quarter 
wide, covered with a heavy growth of timber, prin- 
cipally bottom oak, maple, cottonwood, and willow. 

Fractional sec. 3, E. i sec. 4, 27, SE. qr. 28, E. i 
33, fractional sec. 34, embrace all the timber land, 
which is 1st rate inundated bottom. The SW. qr. 6, 
W. * 7, NE. qr. 8, sec. 9, SW. qr. 20, SW. qr. 29, 
SE. qr. 31, W. i 32, SW. qr. 33, embrace all the 
1st rate prairie ; residue level and wet 2d rate 
prairie. 

Township 72 — Range 2, W. — This township is 
tolerably well calculated for agricultural purposes, 
being high, dry, and rolling ; several small streams 
of water run eastward through it, though of no im- 
portance ; there are also several fine springs of pure 
water. There is but a small portion Of this township 
which can be called 1st rate, the greatest portion 



44 DESCRIPTION OF 

being 2d and 3d rate, handsomely interspersed with 
timber and prairie ; the timber is generally small and 
of an inferior quality. Growth, white, and black oak, 
and hickory ; undergrowth, hazel, briers, &;c. The 
Mississippi bluffs pass through this township N. 
and S., within one mile from the east boundary. 
Sees. 1, 12, 13, 24, E. i 25, E. i 36, is 1st rate 
prairie, subject to inundation by the Mississippi 
freshets. The W. ^ 17, sec. 18, W. ^ 19, W. ^ 
30, W. i 28, S. i 29, NE. qr. 31, NW. qr. 32, 
embrace all the 1st rate rolling prairie. E. ^ 26, E. ^ 
14, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; residue prin- 
cipally 2d and 3d rate timber land. This township 
is rapidly settling. 

Township 72 — Range 3, W. — Is nearly all 1st 
rate high, dry, and rolling prairie, well situated for 
farming purposes ; embracing the highlands between 
the Iowa river and Flint creek ; the whole poorly 
supplied with water. Neither stone nor stone coal 
discovered by the surveyor. Growth, white and 
black oak, and hickory ; undergrowth, hazel. 

The E. i and NW. qr. 1, N. i 2, NW. qr. 5, 
SW. qr. 29, S. i 30, W. i and NE. qr. 31, SE. ^ 
36, embrace all the timber land in the township ; 
residue nearly all 1st rate rolling prairie. 

Township 72 — Range 4, W. — All 1st rate high, 
dry, rolling prairie, except a small portion in the E. ^ 
sec. 36 ; the whole being nearly destitute of water ; 
but one stream in the SE. part of the township ; 
neither stone nor stone coal. 

Township 72 — Range 5, W. — All rolling 1st rate 
prairie, covered with a heavy growth of grass and 
rosin weed, with but a few scattering trees on the 
SW. qr. sec. 31, and poorly supplied with water ; 
neither stone nor stone coal. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 45 

Township 72 — Range 6, W. — Embraces every 

variety of soil and timber ; about three-fourths beau- 
tiful rolling prairie, sufficiently interspersed with 
timber to make the whole valuable. The SW. part 
is well watered by Big creek and its tributaries ; an 
abundance of good limestone is to be found in the 
banks of the streams. Growth, white and black oak, 
hickory, elm, lynn, hackberry, ash, walnut, sugar, 
and locust ; undergrowth, hazel, thorn, and briers. 
This may be considered one of the best townships 
of land for agricultural purposes. 

The SW. qr. sec. 7, SW. qr. 16, S. i 17, sees. 
18, 19, 20, W. i 21, W. i 27, sec. 28, N. i and 
SW. qr. 29, sees. 30, 31, W. ^ and SW. qr. and 
W. i NW. qr. 32, NE. qr. 33, and N. i 34, em. 
brace all the 1st rate timber land ; residue 1st rate 
rolhng prairie. This township is rapidly settling. 

^Township 72 — Range 7, W. — Is handsomely 
elevated on the highlands bordering Skunk river ; 
the NE. part is of a pleasantly undulating surface, 
consisting principally of 1st rate prairie, broadly 
skirted with 1st rate timber. The SW. |- of the 
township is somewhat uneven, in some places swell- 
ing into high hills, the whole well supplied with small 
streams and springs of pure water. Skunk river 
meanders through the SW. part of the township ; it 
is a good mill-stream, affording a sufficiency of water 
at all seasons for mills or other machinery. There 
are some 1st rate sugar camps along the bottoms of 
Skunk river and the small creeks. Limestone 
abounds generally. Growth on bottoms, black and 
white walnut, elm, buckeye, lynn, sugar, hackberry, 
and locust ; on upland, white, black, and jack oak, 
elm, cherry, and hickory ; undergrowth, plum, thorn, 
crab-apple, hazel, grape-vines, and briers. 



46 DESCRIPTION OF 

Sees. 1, 2, E. i SW. qr. 3, SE. qr. 4, NW, qr. 

6, N. I 10, sec. 11, and NW. qr. 12, embrace all 
the 1st rate prairie. The N. | 9, E. ^ and SW. qr. 
12, N. i and SE. qr. 13, NE. qr. 14, E. i and SW. 
qr. 24, N. | 25, SW. qr. 27, SE. qr. 28, SW. qr. 
29, N. fraction 32, sec. 33, and W. fraction 34, em- 
brace all the 1st rate timber land. The W. ^ and 
NE. qr. 4, sec. 5, E. i and SW. qr. 6, NE. qr. 7, 
sec. 8, S. I 10, W. i and SE. qr. 14, sec. 15, N. i 
sec. 16, NE. qr. 17, SW. qr. 19, SW. qr. 23, S. i 
25, E. i 26, NW. qr. 29, E. ^ 35, and sec. 36, include 
all the 2d rate timber land ; residue broken 3d rate 
timber land. There are two villages in this town- 
ship, viz., Trenton, located on the corners of sees. 2, 
3, 10, and 11, Belfast on the south frac. 32; settle- 
ments making rapidly. 

Tov^NSHip 72 — Range 8, W. — Has a great quan- 
tity of good soil and timber, but so situated that it 
cannot be admired for the purpose of farming. All 
the valuable timber is mostly upon the outskirts of 
the township, the interior is made up of small prairies, 
and surrounded with almost impassable thickets, 
though the soil is of 1st rate quality for upland. It 
is well watered by numerous small brooks that have 
their source within it, and small creeks, two of which 
will propel mills at least half the year. Skunk river 
passes through the NE. corner of the township, on each 
side of which there are some large bottoms of 1st 
rate land that do not overflow, along which are some 
beautiful sugar groves. Growth on upland, white, 
black, and bur oak, and hickory ; undergrowth, hazel, 
plum, thorn, and briers ; on bottoms, red oak, lynn, 
walnut, sugar, hackberry, elm, &c. 

The W. i 1, E. i 2, SW. qr. 5, SE. qr. 6, N. i 

7, N. i S, sec. 12, NE. qr. 13, S. i 14, SE. qr. 15, 



LANDS IN IOWA. 4t1 

S. i 16, NE. qr. 19, sees. 20, 21, NW. qr. 22, NE, 
qr. 23, NW. qr. and SE.^r. 24, NE. qr. 25, NW, 
qr. 27, N. I 28, NE. and SW. qrs. 29, SE. qr. 30, 
SE. qr. 33, SE. qr. 35, S. | 36, embrace all the 1st 
rate timber land. The S. i 7, S. i 8, N. ^ 9, NW. 
qr. 10, sec. 17, NE. qr. 18, N. ^ 30, sec. 31, and 
SW. qr. 32, is all the 1st rate prairie land ; residue 
2d and 3d rate upland. This township is rapidly 
settling ; the village of New-Haven is laid out on the 
SW. qr. sec. 1. 



TOWNSHIP 73. 

Range 1, W. — Is fractional, embracing about 15 
sections ; it is mostly level, wet prairie, inundated oc- 
casionally by the Mississippi river, which passes it in 
a southeasterly direction ; it is much cut up by 
bayous and ponds— on an average it may be con- 
sidered a 2d rate township of land. Growth, bottom 
oak, Cottonwood, maple, and willow ; neither stone 
nor stone coal. 

The SW. qr. 6, SE. qr. 7, SW. qr. 20, SW. qr, 
29, SE. qr. 30, NE. qr. 31, NW. qr. 32, embrace 
all the 1st rate prairie. The E. i and NW. qr. 6, 
sec. 5, E, I and NW. qr. 8, fractional sees. 9, 16, 
E. i 17, fractional sees. 21, 27, ,E. i 28, E. ^ 33, and 
fractional sec. 34, embrace all the timber land, which 
is 2d rate. 

Township 73 — Range 2, W. — Is handsomely 
situated, embracing every variety of soil and timber ; 
there is prairie and timber sufficiently intermixed to 
make the whole one of the most valuable townships 
in the territory. It is handsomely situated on the 
Iowa river, which passes through it, dividing it nearly 



48 DESCRIPTION OF 

into equal parts. The whole well watered by nu- 
merous small streams which empty themselves into 
the Iowa ; numerous springs of pure water issue 
from the Iowa bluffs. 

This township is one of the most noted in the ter- 
ritory. Here the celebrated Indian chief Black- 
hawk resided, until the Indian hostilities of 1832 — 
and it is here where the bones of his ancestors have 
rested in peace for centuries — and it was for this 
spot, this sacred spot, that he gave the warwhoop 
and rallied forth his countrymen to the last deadly 
struggle in defence of this, the home of their ances- 
tors ; but they were conquered, and this celebrated 
chief doomed to wander as a stranger in the land of 
his forefathers. His house was still standing at the 
time when the surveys were made ; it stood on the 
south bank of Iowa river, in sec. 20. — Growth on 
upland, white, and black oak, and hickory ; on the 
bottoms, Cottonwood, maple, sugar, and some ash. 

The N. fraction sec. 1, sec. 2, N. ^ 3, NE. qr. 5, 
S. i 7, SW. qr. 8, SE. qr. 9, SW. qr. 10, middle 
part E. and W. of river, sec. 14, 15, E. ^ 18, SW. 
i 21, middle part 23, NW. qr. 26, sec. 27, N. frac- 
tion 28, embrace all the 1st rate timber land. The 
S. i of S. fraction 1, S. ^ 3, sec. 4, W. | 6, NE. qr. 
9, E. i and NW. qr. 10, SW. qr. 11, sees. 12, 13, 
W. i and SE. qr. 16, sec. 17, W. ^ 18, sees. 19, 
20, NE. i 21, E. i and SW. qr. 22, E. fraction 23, 
sees. 24, 25, E. ^ and SW. qr. 26, N. ^ 29, E. i 35, 
sec. 36, embrace all the 1st rate prairie ; residue 
rolling 2d rate timber and prairie land. This town- 
ship is rapidly settling. The village of Florence is 
located on the S. fraction sec. 20 ; the village of 
Blackhawk on the NE. qr. sec. 10. 

Township 73— i?aj^« 3, TF.— Is partly high roll- 



LANDS IN IOWA. 49 

ing prairie and timber, and part level prairie, tolera- 
bly well supplied with water ; the Iowa river passes 
through the NE. corner of the township, and several 
small streams have their sources within it, passing 
off in different directions. Limestone is found in 
great abundance in sees. 20 and 21. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, sugar, hickory ; undergrowth, 
hazel and plum. 

The W. i sec. 1, NE. qr. 2, S. i 16, sec. 17, E. i 
18, NE. qr. 19, N. i 20, sees, 21, 22, 23, E. i 25, 
NW. qr. 27, NE. qr. 28, embrace all the 1st rate 
timber land. The W. ^ and SE. qr. 28, SE. qr. 29, 
E. i 32, NW. qr. 33, S. | 35, sec. 36, is 2d rate 
timber land. The E. i 1, SE. qr. 2, W. i 4, NE. 
qr. 5, SE. qr. 7, S. i 8, sees. 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 
N. i 16, W. i 18, W. i and SE. qr. 19, S. ^ 20, 
sec. 24, W. -i- 25, sec. 26, E. i and SW. qr. 27, 
W. i NE. qr. 29, N. i 30, S. i 31, E. i and SW. 
qr. 33, W. | 34, embrace all the 1st rate prairie ; 
residue 2d rate, part level, and part rolling prairie. 
This township is rapidly settling. ' ' 

Township 73 — Range 4, W. — Mostly consists of 
prairie, with a beautiful grove in the NE. part of the 
township, about 4 miles from N. to S., and average 
width one mile and a half; this grove is called by the 
settlers, " Virginia grove." There are some fine 
springs of water, but not in a sufficient quantity ; 
several small streams have their sources within this 
township, but are of no value. Growth in the grove, 
white, black, and bur oak, sugar, and hickory ; un- 
dergrowth, hazel and plum. 

Sec. 1, S. ^ 2, sec. 5, E. i 6, sec. 7, W. i 8, E. 

h 9, sees. 10, 11, NW. qr. 12, S. ^ 13, NW. qr. 14, 

sec. 15, NW. qr. 17, N. ^ 18, SE. qr. 19, SW. or. 

20^ sec, 22, SW. qr. 23, NE. qr. 24, E, i 25, W. 

5 



50 DESCRIPTION OF 

i and SE. qr. 26, sec. 27, NW. qr. 29, NE. qr. 30, 
sees. 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, E. i and SW. qr. 36, em- 
brace all the 1st rate land ; residue good rolling 2d 
rate land. Settlements rapidly progressing. 

Township 73 — Range 5, W. — Is all prairie, with 
the exception of three small groves ; in all about one 
section and a half, and poorly supplied with water. 
There is but one small creek, which passes diagonally 
through the township from SE. to NW. The soil 
is generally 1st rate ; very little 2d rate land in the 
township. 

Sees. 5, 6, NE. qr. 8, sees. 9, 10, N. i 15, SW. 
qr. 23, E. iof SE. qr. 22, and SE. qr. 26, embrace 
all the timber which is good 2d rate land ; residue 
rolling, 1st rate prairie. No stone of any kind dis- 
covered. 

Township 73 — Range 6, W. — Is principally high 
rolling prairie, 1st rate soil ; the N. ^ 1, and NE. qr. 
2, embrace all the timber land ; the prairie covered 
with a heavy growth of tall grass, the whole poorly 
supplied with water. Crooked creek passes through 
the NE. corner of the township. 

Township 73 — Range 7, W. — Is pleasantly situ- 
ated, dry, and elevated, equal portions of prairie and 
timber land, the surface undulating, affording exten- 
sive fine prospects, soil rich, well supplied with pure 
streams of water. Skunk river traverses along near 
the west boundary ; it touches the township in sees. 
7, 19, and 30 ; the bottoms along it are low and cut 
up with bayous and ponds, and of but little value 
for cultivation. 

Sees. 1, 2, S. i 3, sec. 4, SE. qr. 5, SW. qr. 6, 
NW. qr. 7, NE. qr. 8, N. i and SE. qr. 9, sees. 
10, 11, 12, 13, 14, E. i 15, E. i 22, sees. 23, 24,. 
25, 26, E. I 27, W. ^ and W. ^ SE. qr. 31, sees. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 51 

35; 36, is mostly 1st rate prairie, including some 
small groves of timber. The N. i 3, SW. qr. 7, 
SE. qr. 30, SW. qr. 29, NE. qr. and E. ^ SE. qr. 
31, sees. 82, 33, 34, embrace all the 1st rate timber 
land ; residue all 2d rate timber land. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak, hickory, lynn, sugar, elm, 
red oak, walnut, and buckeye ; undergrowth near 
and bordering the prairies, hazel, plum, thorn, crab- 
apple, briers, and grape-vines. There are some set- 
tlements in this township, and one village (Jefferson) 
already laid out on the corner of sees. 22, 23, 26, 27. 

Township 73 — Range 8, W. — Embraces a con- 
siderable quantity of good soil, and to all appear- 
ances well adapted to the purposes of cultivation ; 
though good timber is rather scarce. This township 
is handsomely situated, high, dry, and rolling, inter- 
spersed with a considerable portion of good prairie, 
and well supplied with water. Skunk river tra- 
verses the eastern tier of sees, from N. to S. ; the 
bottoms are not wide in most places, and the numer- 
ous ponds, lakes, and marshes spoil them. "Walnut 
creek, a good mill-stream, passes through the SW. 
part of the township ; it has a sufficiency of water the 
greater part of the year for propelling machinery. 
There is an abundance of limestone dispersed through- 
out, and from appearance stone coal may be easily 
procured in large quantities ; it is perceivable in the 
washings of all the creeks and brooks. There are 2 
good mill-seats, one on the SW. qr. 15, and the 
other on the SW. qr. 21. Growth on upland, jack 
oak, white oak, hickory, lynn, elm, plum, thorn, 
hazel, briers, vines, &c. ; on the bottoms, walnut, 
sugar, bur oak, lynn, hackberry, buckeye, elm, locust, 
and Cottonwood. 

The E. i 2, sees. 3, 4, W. i 5, E. i 6, NW. qr. 



52 DESCRIPTION OF 

and SE. qr. 8, S. i 7, sec. 10, W. i 11, all east of 
bluff of sec. 12, sec. 13, NW. qr. 14, N. i 15, sec. 
17, N. i 18, SW. qr. 19, E. part 24, sec. 25, SE. qr. 
26, S. i 29, S. i 30, N. i 31, N. ^ 32, NE. qr. 35, 
and sec. 36, embrace all the 1st rate land, about 
one half of which is dry, rolling prairie ; residue 
good 2d rate land. 



TOWNSHIP 74. 

Range 1, W. — Is a small fraction just below the 
mouth of Iowa river, containing only 53 acres 20 
hundredths. 

Township 74 — Range 2, W. — Is fractional, em- 
bracing about 18 sections. The Mississippi river 
passes this township in a SE. direction. The Mus- 
catine slue meanders through this township and 
enters the Mississippi in sec. 35. The Iowa river 
forms a junction with the Mississippi in the SE. cor- 
ner of the township. It is about half prairie, that 
portion west of the Muscatine slue is 1st rate prairie 
and timber. The Muscatine island is low and sub- 
ject to inundation ; it is tolerably well timbered with 
maple, cottonwood, black oak, and willow. Growth 
on upland, black, white, and bur oak, and hickory ; 
updergrowth, Jiazel. 

The W. fraction 18, E. i and NW. qr. 19, NE. 
qr 80, SW. fraction 28, sec. 29, embrace all the 1st 
ra^. prairie. The W. fraction 20, W. | and SE. qr. 
30, SW. qr. 29, sec. 32, W. i 33, embrace all the 
1st rate timber land ; the W. fraction 6, W. fraction 
7, sec. 31, SE. qr. 33, embrace all the 2d rate land; 
residue 3d rate inundated bottom. 

Township 74 — Range 3, W. — Is generally high. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 53 

dry, and rolling, equally divided into prairie and tim- 
ber land, for the most part rich, and well adapted to 
farming purposes ; timber abundant, and of a superior 
quality ; springs are abundant and good. Neither 
stone nor stone coal discovered mentioned by the 
surveyor. The Iowa river runs through this town- 
ship, from NW. to SE. ; it is a -large and beautiful 
river, averaging in width about ten chains. Growth 
on upland, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, lynn, 
and hazel ; undergrowth on the bottoms, elm, wal- 
nut, ash, maple, and cottonwood. 

The NW. qr. 7, sec. 8, SW. qr. 9, sees. 15, 16, 
E. i 17, N. i 21, NE. part S. fraction 22, E. frac 
tion 23, sec. 25, W. ^ and NE. qr. 26, W. i 36, 
embrace all the 1st rate timber land. The SW. qr. 

I, sec. 2, SE. qr. 3, sec. 5, NE. qr. 6, S. i 7, N. ^ 

II, sees. 12, 13, W. ^ 17, sees. 18, 19, 20, S. i 21, 
SW. qr. 22, N. ^ 24, SE. qr. 26, W. fraction 27, 
sees. 28, 29, N. i 30, E. i 32, sees. 33, 34, SW. 
fraction 35, embrace all the 1st rate prairie land ; 
residue good 2d rate timber land. Wapello, the 
seat of justice for Louisa county, is located on sees. 
27 and 34. 

Township 74 — Range 4, W. — Is high and rolling 
prairie and timber equally interspersed, so as to make 
the whole more valuable, the greatest portion of 
which is 2d rate land, well adapted to farming pur- 
poses. It is valuable on account of the great variety 
of good timber with which it abounds. The whole 
well watered. The Iowa river passes through the NE. 
corner of the township. Long creek, a good mill- 
stream, passes centrally through the township ; it has 
several good mill-seats upon it. Neither stone nor 
stone coal noted by the surveyor. Growth on the 
upland, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, coffee-nut, 
5* 



54 DESCRIPTION OF 

red oak ; undergrowth, hazel and sassafras ; on the 
bottoms, sugar, black walnut, elm, ash, and hackberry. 

The W. fraction 1, SE. qr. 11, SW. qr. 12, sec. 
14, SE. qr. 20, NW. qr. 21, NE. qr. 35, and NW. 
qr. 36, embrace all the 1st rate timber land. The 
SW. qr. 4, E. i 9, SW. qr. 11, SE. qr. 12, sec. 13, 
S. ^ 19, sees. 24, 25, SE. qr. 26, SW. qr. 27, S. ^ 
28, S. i 29, sees. 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, W. i and SE. 
qr. 35, SW. qr. 36, embrace all the 1st prairie land ; 
residue good 2d rate, principally timber land. 

Township 74 — Range 5, W. — Is nearly all high 
rolling prairie of a superior quality, with some small 
groves of good timber along the margins of the 
creeks. Long creek, (a tributary of Iowa river,) 
passes through the NE. corner of the township ; 
several other small streams have their source in this 
township and discharge themselves into Long creek. 
The southern part is entirely destitute of water and 
timber. The timber along the creeks consists gen- 
erally of the various kinds of oak, walnut, hickoiy, 
elm, ash, and lynn, with but little or no undergrowth. 
Quarries of rock have been discovered in the banks 
of the streams. Sees. 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14; 
and 15, is rich 2d rate land, embracing all the tim- 
ber in the township. Sees. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, is roll- 
ing 2d rate prairie ; residue all rolling 2d rate 
prairie. Several families have already settled in 
this township. 

Township 74 — Range 6, W. — Much the greatest 
portion of this township is prairie, part of which is 
precipitous and broken, but the greater part rolling, 
or undulating and level. This last is of the richest 
quality. The hilly part is too bi:oken and rough for 
cultivation. Timber is scarce, and confined prmci- 
pally to Crooked creek. Growth, bur oak, white 



LANDS IN IOWA. 55 

oak, Spanish oak, walnut, ash, elm, &c. This town- 
ship is poorly supplied with water. Crooked creek is 
the only stream of water in the township ; it enters in 
sec. 36, and runs in a northwesterly direction through 
sees. 35, 34, 27, 28, 29, 20, and 19, where it leaves 
the township ; it is a deep, narrow, and sluggish stream. 
There are several ponds of stagnant water in the 
south part of sec. 2, and north part of sec. 11 ; no 
stone of any kind discovered. 

Sec. 1, SW. qr. 3, sees. 4, 5, 6, N. i 7, N. i 8, 
sees. 9, 10, 12, 13, E. ^ 14, sees. 23, 24, 31, and 32, 
•enibrace all the 1st rate prairie land. The W. ^ and 
jSE. qr. 36, sec. 35, N. i 34, NE. qr, 33, SW. qr. 
r25, W. i 26, see. 27, middle part 28, NE. qr. 29, 
iSE. qr. 23, embrace all the timber land, which is 2d 
a*ate^ residue broken 2d and 3d rate prairie. 

Township 74 — Range 7, W. — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, principally timber land, with about one-fourth 
part prairie of the richest quality, delightfully situated 
for farming purposes ; the whole well watered by 
Crooked creek and its tributaries, which pass nearly 
centrally through the township. Crooked creek 
affords a sufficiency of water for mills or other ma- 
chinery. An abundance of good limestone is to be 
found in the bluffs along the streams. Growth, bur 
oak, white oak, black oak, jack oak, hickory, elm, 
walnut, lynn, hazel, and thorn. 

The N. i 1, SE. qr. 13, SE. qr. 14, SE. qr. 22, 
E, I 25, SW. qr. 33, SE. qr. 35, sec. 36, embrace 
all the 1st rate prairie. The S. ^ 3, SE. qr. 4, S. i 
5, sees. 6, 7, 8, W. i 9, N. i 17, W. i and NE. qr. 
IS, embrace all the prairie which is 2d rate. The 
W. i 4, N. ^ 5, NE. qr. 9, E. i and SW. qr. 11, 
sec. 12, W^ i and NE. qr. 13, W. i and NE. qr.l4, 
NE. qr. 15, S. i 19, sec. 20, W. ^ 21, NE. qr. 22, 



56 DESCRIPTION OF 

N. i 23, sec. 24, NW. qr. 25, SW. qr. 26, SE. qr. 
27, W. I 28, sees. 29, 30, 31, 32, E. i and NW. 
qr. 33, sec. 34, NW. qr. 35, embrace all the 1st 
rate timber land ; residue good 2d rate timber land. 



TOWNSHIP 75. 

Range 2, W. — Is a fractional township, em- 
bracing about 14 sections ; it is bounded on the 
E. by the Mississippi river. The Muscatine slue 
passes through the SW. part, leaving nearly the 
whole township on an island. Nearly all subject 
to inundation, except a sand ridge along the lines 
of sees. 4, 5, 8, and 9, and eastern halves of sees. 
5, 8, and 17, nearly all poor sandy 3d rate prairie,, 
except a small strip of timber along the river and 
slue ; the whole may be considered scarcely worth 
cultivation. Growth, white and black oak, ash, elm, 
and maple. 

Township 75 — Range 3, W. — Is well propor- 
tioned with prairie and timber, and is well adapted 
to cultivation. The prairie is generally rolling and 
1st rate soil. The timber land may be considered 
2d rate. The eastern part is tolerably well timbered, 
but very broken, and but poorly supplied with water. 
The Muscatine slue passes through the eastern tier 
of sections ; it is sluggish and of but little value. 
There are several indications of iron ore in the 
bluffs of the Muscatine slue, but not in large quanti- 
ties. Neither stone nor stone coal discovered. 
Growth on upland, white, black, and bur oak, hick- 
ory, and hazel ; on the bottoms, maple, ash, elm, 
and willow. 
, The N. i and SE. qr. 10, sec. 15, S. i 16, SE. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 57 

qr. 17, SW. qr, 19, NE. qr. 20, N. i 21, N. | 22, 
W. i 31, embrace all the 1st rate timber land. The 
W. i 4, sees. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, N. ^ 16, W. ^ and NE. 
qr. 17, sec. 18, E. ^ and NW. qr. 19, W. ^ and 
SE, qr 20, S. i 21, SW. qr. 22, W. ^ 27, sees. 28, 
29, 30, E. i 31, sec. 32, W. i 33, W. ^ of SE. qr. 
and E. ^ of SW. qr. 35, embrace all the Isl rate 
prairie ; all the land east of the slue 3d rate inun- 
dated land ; residue broken 2d rate timber land. 

Township 75 — Range 4, PT. — Is nearly equally 
divided into prairie and timber land, of the best 
quality ; the timber is principally confined to the 
rivers which pass through this township, and is of a 
good quality, being walnut, elm, ash, maple, cotton- 
wood, hackberry, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, 
hazel, and thorn ; there were no stone quarries dis- 
covered, and but few springs of good water, though 
this township may be considered well watered. The 
Iowa river passes through it, entering the township 
in section 7, and leaving it in section 35. The Red 
Cedar river enters the township in section 5, and 
forms a junction with the Iowa in section 20. In 
these rivers the current is rapid, their beds being 
very sandy ; the channels are continually changing, 
forming new bars. There are no islands worthy of 
notice, except occasionally a tow-head or willow bar. 
There has been some specimens of stone coal found 
in the banks of the river. 

Sec. 19, W. fraction 20, SW. qr. 28, sees. 29,30, 
N. i 31, N. i and SE. qr. 32, sec. 33, W. | 34, em- 
brace all the 1st rate timber land. The NW. qr. 4, 
SE. fraction 5, E. i and SW. qr. 7, sec. 8, W. ^ 13, 
E. i 14, W. i 17, sees. IS, 23, 24, 25, NE. qr. 26, 
E. ^ 34, sees. 35, 36, embrace all the 2d rate timber 
land. Sees. 1, 2, 3, B. i 4, sec. 6, NW. qr. 7, E, 



58 DESCRIPTION OF 

i 9, sees. 10, 11, 12, E. ^ 13, W. ^ 14, N. i 15, 

NE. qr. 16, S. ^ 31, SW. qr. 32, embrace all the 
1st rate prairie ; residue 2d rate sandy prairie. 

Township 75 — Range 5, W. — Is mostly high 
rolling prairie of a superior quality. The eastern 
part is tolerably well timbered, and is of 2d rate soil. 
The Iowa river passes through sections 1 and 12; 
current strong and channel deep ; free from islands. 
The land bordering the river isiowand rich. Long 
creek, the most important creek in the township, 
passes through the SW. part, and affords water suf- 
ficient for propelling machinery at least half the year. 
It is said that stone coal has been discovered in the 
banks of this creek. Growth, white, black, and bur 
oak, hickory, elm, ash, and hazel ; on the bottoms, 
Cottonwood, maple, and willow. 

The W. fraction 1, SE. qr. 2, sees. 11, 12, 13, 
NE. qr. 14, NE. qr. 24, S. i 30, N. i 31, is 2d 
rate timber land. The W. i and SE. qr. 24, SE. 
qr. 23, E. i and NW. qr. 25, NE. qr. 26, SW. qr. 
29, E. i 32, W. i 33, NE. qr. 36, embrace all the 
1st rate timber land in the township ; residue rolling 
1st rate prairie. 

Township 75 — Range 6, W. — Is mostly elevated 
and rolling prairie of the best quality. There are 
several valuable groves of timber on Long and Go- 
ble's creeks, consisting chiefly of white and bur oak, 
hickory, walnut, lynn, elm, &;c. There is an abun- 
dance of water, and it is well distributed throughout 
the township. It is said that lime and sand stone 
are found in considerable quantities. 

Sees. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, N. i 15, 
N. i 16, NE. qr. 17, SE. qr. 20, SW. qr. 21, sees. 
23, 24, N. i 25, SW. qr. 28, SE. qr. 29, sees. 31, 
32, 33, S. i 34, all 1st rate prairie. The SW. qr. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 5^ 

15, S. i 16, SE. qr. 17, SW. qr. and NE. qr. 20, 
N. i and SE. qr. 21, sec. 22, SW. qr. 25, S. i 26, 
sec. 27, NE. qr. 28, NW. qr. 29, NE, qr. 34, N. i 
35, and part 36, embrace all the timber land, which 
is good 2d rate land ; residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 75 — Range 7, W. — Is about three- 
fourths prairie of the richest quality. All or nearly- 
all the timber within the township is embraced in the 
southwestern part on north fork of Crooked creek, 
with an occasional grove on and near the western 
boundary. Crooked creek affords an abundance of 
water for mills or other machinery. The NE. part 
is well watered by Long and Goble's creeks. An 
abundance of good limestone is to be found in the 
bluffs along the streams. Growth, bur oak, white 
oak, black oak, jack oak, hickory, elm, walnut, lynn, 
hazel, and thorn. 

The E. i 7, W. i 8, SE. qr. 9, sees. 10, 15, 16, 
17, E. i 18, NE. qr. 20, sees. 21, 22, SW. qr. 23, 
sees. 25, 26, 27, 28, E. ^ 29, NE. qr. 33, NW. qr, 
34, sec. 36, embrace all the 1st rate prairie. The 
SW. qr. 7, W. i 18, sec. 19, SW. qr. 20, W. i 29, 
E. i 31, sec. 32, S. ^ 33, SW. qr. 34, embrace all 
the timber land which is 2d rate ; residue good 2d 
rate prairie. 



TOWNSHIP 76. 

Range 2, W. — Is fractional, embracing about 
two-thirds of an entire township, the greatest portion 
of which is on the Muscatine island. This township 
is principally level prairie, with some small groves 
on the Muscatine slue and on the top of the bluff. 
The Mississippi river passes in front of this townshipy 



60 DESCRIPTION OF 

in a southwesterly direction. The Muscatine slue 
leaves the Mississippi in fractional sec. 2, thence 
through sees. 3, 4, 9, 8, 7, and 18, where it leaves 
the township. The bluff leaves the river in sec. 2, 
passing westwardly through the north halves of sees. 
3, 4, 5, and 6, leaving a narrow strip of good 2d rate 
timber land, the whole width of the township, averag- 
ing from a- quarter to a half mile in width. Some 
good building stone is found in the bluffs in sec. 2. 
Growth, white and black oak, hickory, cottonwood, 
maple, ash, and willow. 

Fractional sec. 2, N. i 3, N. | 4, N. ^ 5, N. ^ 6, 
sec. 7, middle part 8, NW. qr. 18, embrace all the 
timber land which is good 2d rate. The S. | 4, S. 
^ 5, SE. qr. 6, embrace all the 1st rate prairie ; resi- 
due level 2d rate prairie, rather sandy. 

Part of the town of Bloomington is laid out on 
sec. 2. This is one among the most delightful situ- 
ations in the territory. This township is rapidly 
settling. 

Tov^TNSHip 76 — Range 3, W. — Embraces every 
variety of soil and timber ; there is prairie and timber 
sufficiently interspersed to make the whole valuable. It 
is handsomely elevated on the height of land between 
the Red Cedar river, and the Muscatine slue, which 
passes through the southeast part. The whole well 
supplied with small streams of water passing through 
the township in various directions ; and numerous 
springs of pure water issue from the Muscatine bluffs, 
which pass in a curve through the eastern part of 
the township. 

This township has been the abode of the Indians 
for centuries ; their huts were built all along on the 
top of the bluffs, and their fields where they culti- 
vated the indian corn, are on the bottomi, which i« 



LANDS IN IOWA. 61 

1st rate prairie. The Muscatine slue passes through 
the SE. part of the township; it widens out to an ex- 
panse of nearly a mile, forming what is called Keo- 
kuk lake, which is well stowed with various kinds of 
fish. The slue is navigable for keel boats in a com- 
mon stage of water. Neither stone nor stone coal 
discovered by the surveyor. Growth on the bottoms, 
Cottonwood, maple, lynn, sugar, and walnut; on the 
upland, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, hazel, 
sumach, and plum. 

The W. I 12, E. i and E. i of SW.qr. 11, N.il4, 
SE. qr. and E. i of NE. qr. 15, E. i 22, NE. qr. 27, 
sees. 26, 35, embrace all the 1st rate bottom prairie, 
which is below and adjoining the bluffs. The W. ^ 
and NE. qr. 1, sees. 2, 6, 7, W. i 8, SE. qr. 10, 
NW. qr. 11, W. i and W. i of NE. qr. 15, E. ^ 
16, W. I 17, sees. 18, 19, W. ^ and NE. qr. 20, 
E. i and NW. qr. 21, W. ^ 22, W. i and SE. qr. 
27, E. i 28, N. i 30, E. i of E. i 33, sec. 34, em- 
brace all the timber land in the township, which is 
good 2d rate ; residue good 2d rate prairie, which is 
high, dry, and beautifully rolling. This township is 
rapidly settling. 

Township 76 — Range 4, W. — Is handsomely 
situated for farming purposes, being nearly equally 
divided into prairie and timber land ; the whole 
well watered. The Red Cedar river passes through 
this township in a southwesterly direction, dividing 
the township nearly into two equal parts ; it is rather 
a sluggish stream, averaging in width about ten 
chains, channel somewhat obstructed by islands and 
willow bars ; numerous small streams empty into 
the Red Cedar river ; and good springs are not un- 
frequent. The western part is principally level 2d 
rate prairie; the eastern part mostly roiling 2d 
6 



62 DESCRIPTION OF 

rate timber land. Growth on upland, white, black, 
and bur oak, hickory, and hazel ; on the bottoms, 
maple, lynn, elm, locust, walnut, hackberry, cotton- 
wood, and willow. 

The SW. qr. 9, S. ^ 34, sees. 35, 36, embrace all 
the 1st rate prairie. The NW. qr. 1, E. I 2, sees. 
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, E. i 9, W. i 10, W. ^ 11, sees. 17, 
18, 19, 20, 29, 30, embrace all the level 2d rate 
prairie. The W. i 24, sec. 25, SE. qr. 26, sees. 
31, 32, SE. qr. .33, is rolling 2d rate prairie ; residue 
part rolling and part level 2d rate timber land. This 
township is rapidly settling. 

Township 76 — Range 5, W. — Embraces a great 
quantity of rich 2d rate soil, well adapted to cultiva- 
tion, being about two-thirds prairie, and the remain- 
ing third scrubby timber land. The whole well 
watered ; the Iowa river passes through this township 
in a southeasterly direction, dividing the township 
nearly into two equal parts ; it is a handsome stream 
about 8 chains in width, brisk current, clear of isLinds. 
or bars ; several small streams flow from different 
directions and discharge themselves into the Iowa. 
The eastern part is principally level 2d rate prairie, 
rather wet ; the western part mostly rolling 2d rate 
prairie and timber land. No stone of any kind dis- 
covered. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, hickory,, 
elm, lynn, walnut, buckeye, and ironwood. 

The W. i 4, E. i 5, NW. qr. 6, SW. qr. 19, is 
1st rate timber land. The W. ^ 3, sec. 8, SW. qr. 
9, sees. 10, 16, E. ^ and NW. qr. 17, E. ^ and NW. 
qr. 21, SW. qr. 22, S. fraction 27, S. ^ 28, middle, 
part 29, part NE. qr. 30, NE. qr. 33, N. i and SE. 
qr. 34, part SW. qr. and NE. qr. 35, embrace all 
the timber land, which is 2d rate. The E. i 22, S„ 
i 23, NE. qr. 27, S. i 31, S. 4 32, S. i 33, SW. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 63 

qr. 34, embrace all the 1st rate prairie ; residue part 
level and rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 1Q— Range 6, W. — There is but a 
small part of this township timbered ; it is nearly all 
high, dry, and broken prairie of a 2d rate quality ; a 
good supply of water ; numerous small creeks have 
their sources within this township ; every section has 
a stream through it ; the streams all run eastward. 
No stone of any kind discovered. Some good timber 
along the banks of the main creek. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, hickory^ elm, lynn, walnut, buck- 
eye, and ironwood. 

Sec. 1 is 1st rate, and N. ^ well timbered. The 
NE. qr. 2, NW. qr. 4, NE. qr. 5, N. ^ 6, SW. qr. 
18, NW. qr. 19, S. i 34, SW. qr. 35, including a 
narrow skirt of timber along the banks of the main 
creek and its branches, embrace all the timber, 
which is 2d rate ; residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 



TOWNSHIP 77. 

Range 1, W. — Fractional. Is handsomely situ- 
ated on the north bank of the Mississippi river, which 
passes it from east to west, cutting off about one tier 
and a half of sections. There is nearly one-third of 
this township prairie, the other two-thirds broken 
timber land, thinly timbered with bur oak, white oak, 
yellow oak, elm, hickory, and hazel ; the whole well 
watered by numerous small creeks running south 
into the Mississippi ; there are several quarries of 
sandstone in the bluffs and banks of the streams, 
which will be valuable for building. The bottom on 
the river is of 1st rate soil, it extends the whole width 



64 DESCRIPTION OF 

of the township, averaging from 10 to 20 chains in 
width, affording many charming situations. 

Sec. 1, W. ^ and SE. qr. 3, sees. 4, 5, N. ^ and 
SE. qr. 6, NE. qr. 7, sees. 8, 9, NE. qr. 10, SW, 
qr. 11, N. I 16, is 1st rate rolling prairie ; residue 
broken 2d and 3d rate. Settlements are making 
rapidly along the river ; there are already three 
towns laid out — Geneva is located on fractional sec. 
29, Salem on the SE. qr. 25, and E. fraction 36, 
Wyoming on E. ^ fraction 35, and W. ^ fraction 36. 

Township 77 — Range 2, W. — Fractional. Is 
nearly equally divided into prairie and timber land. 
This may be called a township of 2d rate land, hav- 
ing but a small portion of 1st rate land in it, and but 
poorly supplied with water and timber. The NW. ^ 
is nearly all prairie of a tolerable good quality ; the 
SE. part, which joins the Mississippi river, is timber 
land, of a good 2d rate quality. Growth, black, 
white, bur, and yellow oak, hickory, elm, lynn, wal- 
nut, Cottonwood, hazel, plum, and briers ; the timber 
scrubby, and of an inferior quality. The surface of 
this township is rather broken, containing some large 
hills. 

Fractional sec. 36, SE. qr. 25, is 1st rate timber 
land. Sees. 1, 2, 3, NE. qr. 4, NW. qr. 11, NW. 
qr. 16, SE. qr. 17, is 1st rate prairie land ; residue 
good 2d rate farming land. The town of Bloomings 
ton, is located on the SE. fractional qr. of sec. 35, 
and SW. fractional qr. 36 ; it has one among the 
best situations for a town in the territory. Settle- 
ments are making rapidly in this township. 

Township 77 — Range 3, W. — Embraces a large 
quantity of rich 2d rate soil, well adapted to cultiva- 
tion, being about two.thirds rolling dry prairie, and 
the remaining third scrubby timber land. The 



LANDS IN IOWA. 65 

whole well watered. The Red Cedar river passes 
through this township from NE. to SW. ; it is rather 
a sluggish stream, average width 10 chains, much 
obstructed by small willow islands and bars, banks 
rather low and overflow occasionally ; several small 
streams flow in various directions through the town- 
ship. Neither stone nor stone coal discovered. 

The W. i 1, sec. 2, SE. i 3, SW. qr. 9, NW. qr. 
10, NW. qr. 11, NE. qr. 12, sees. 14, 17, E. i and 
SW. qr. 18, E. i 19, sec. 20, S. i of SE. qr. and 
S. 1 of SW. qr. 25, SW. qr. 27, W. i and SE. qr. 
28, W. i of SW qr. 29, E. i of SE. qr. 30, E. i 
:and SW. qr. 31, W. i of SW. qr. 32, NW. qr. 34, 
E. i 35, and sec. 36, embrace all the 2d rate timber 
land ; W. ^ 19, is 1st rate soil and well timbered. 
Sees. 5, 6, N. i 7, N. i 8, SE. qr. 9, NW. qr. 18, 
N. i and SW. qr. 21, E. i 23, sec. 24, N. i and 
N. i of S, i 25, sec. 26, E. i 27, N. i 29, NE. qr. 
and W. i of SE. qr. 30, E. i of SW. qr. 32, SE. 
qr. 33, W. ^ 35, embrace all the good 2d rate 
prairie. The W. | 30, NW. qr. 31, is 1st rate 
prairie ; residue 2d and 3d rate prairie land. Growth 
on upland, white oak, yellow oak, bur oak, hickory, 
and hazel ; on the bottoms, maple, lynn, elm, locust, 
walnut, hackberry, cottonwood, and willow. This 
township is rapidly settling. 

Township 77 — Range 4, W. — Is mostly high 
rolling prairie, well situated for farming, being in the 
aggregate good 2d rate. The whole well watered ; 
the Red Cedar river passes through the SE. part of 
the township ; it has some excellent bottom land 
along its margin, and well timbered. The Wap- 
sanoanock creek, a beautiful mill-stream, passes 
through the two eastern tier of sections, and empties 
into the Red Cedar, in range 3 ; it has some good 
6* 



66 DESCRIPTION OF 

timber land adjoining, and some rich bottoms. Nei- 
ther stone nor stone coal discovered by the surveyor. 
Growth on the bottoms, cottonwood, maple, elm, 
birch, ash, locust, and lynn ; on upland, white, black, 
and bur oak, hickory, plum, hazel, and sumach. 

The W. i 1, sec. 13, E. ^ 24, N. i 25, E. ^ 26, 
NE. qr. 35, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; 
E. ^ 2, E. i 11, W. i 12, E. i 14, E. i 23, W. i 
24, S. i 25, S. fraction 35, NW. qr. 36, embrace all 
the 2d rate timber land. The E. ^ 1, SW. qr. 4, 
NE. qr. 8, NW. qr. 9, E. i 12, SE. qr. 17, E. i 34, 
embrace all the 1st rate prairie ; residue rolling 
good 2d rate prairie. 

Township 77 — Range 5, W. — There is but a 
small portion of this township timbered, the eastern 
part is beautiful high rolling prairie of a good quahty 
of soil ; the western part is level good 2d rate, but 
interspersed with numerous ponds of standing water. 
This township is poorly supplied with water ; the 
Iowa river passes through sees. 31 and 32, and is 
intersected by several small streams. On the NE. 
bank of the river is the site of an old Indian village ; 
on the SW. qr. sec. 7, is a large mineral spring. 
Growth on bottoms, cottonwood, elm, and lynn ; on 
upland, white, black, yellow and bur oak, hickory, 
cherry, plum, dogwood, hazel, and sumach. 

Sees. 31, 32, SW. qr. 33, embrace all the 1st rate 
timber land. The W. i 6, SW. qr. 7, W. ^ 18, 
W. I 19, SW. qr. 30, SW. qr. 84, embrace all the 
timber land, which is 2d rate. The W. ^ 3, E. i 4, 
E. i 7, W. I 8, sees. 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 
E. ^ 30, NW. qr. 33, embrace all the 1st rate prai- 
rie ; residue good 2d rate prairie ; there is but one 
settler in this township, George W. Hawkins, on the 
SE. qr. 32. 



LANDS IN IOWA, 67 



TOWNSHIP 78 



Range 1, W. — Is nearly all high rolling prairie, 
the greatest portion of which is 3d rate ; the eastern 
,part is well watered by Pine creek, a good stream of 
Jimestone water ; the northern part is tolerably well 
supplied with water ; Mud creek meanders along the 
north boundary. There are but two small groves 
^f timber, of an inferior quality. 

The NW. qr. sec. 4, sees. 5, 6, N. | 7, sees. 25, 
126, E. ^ 34, sec. 35, is good 2d rate land, embracing 
all the timber in the township ; residue broken 3d 
rate prairie. Growth, white oak, bur oak, and hickory. 
There are as yet no improvements. 

Township 78 — Range 2, W. — Possesses many 
advantages, lying on the Red Cedar river, being 
tolerably well timbered and well watered. The 
prairie on the east side of the township is of a good 
-2d rate (with some 3d rate) quality, high and roll- 
ing, well calculated for grazing. The streams are 
generally rather sluggish ; the Red Cedar river has 
a very uniform current, average fall about 10 inches 
to the mile, running over quicksand bottom ; the 
channel is constantly changing. Sugar creek, a 
beautiful stream passing through a rich bottom, 
affords some good mill-seats. Springs are abundant 
and good, all limestone water, though no limestone 
was discovered on the surface. 

The W. ^ 2, sec. 3, E. i 4, SW. qr. and E. i 9, 
SW. qr. and N. ^ 10, sees. 15, 16, E, fraction 17, 
embrace all the 1st rate land. Sec. 1, E. | 2, W. ^ 
4, sees. 5, 6, E. ^ 7, sec. 8, SE. qr. 10, sees. 11, 12, 
13, 14, E. fraction 20, sees. 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, 
are all 2d rate land ; residue broken 3d rate. The 



68- DESCRIPTION OF 

bottoms on the Red Cedar river are mostly low and 
sandy, and subject to inundation by very moderate 
freshets. Growth on the bottoms, maple, cotton- 
wood, ash, and willow ; on the upland, white oak, 
black oak, bur oak, red oak, hickory, and hazel. 
The village of Moscow is situated on the east bank 
of Red Cedar river, on the SW. qr. 9 ; settlements 
making rapidly. 

Township 78 — Range 3, W. — Is mostly high 
rolling prairie : the eastern tier of sections, is de- 
nominated barrens ; the timber is chiefly bur oak, 
jack oak, and hickory ; the western tier of sections 
is a rich loam, part prairie and part well timbered 
with black walnut, sugar-tree, ash, and hickory, and 
the different kinds of oak. This township is poorly 
supplied with water ; the Red Cedar river passes 
through the SE. corner, the bottoms bordering it are 
low and sandy, subject to inundation. Growth on 
bottoms, willow, cottonwood, maple, and some ash. 
The Wapsanoanock creek is a sluggish stream pass- 
ing through the NW. qr. corner of the township, and 
is of no value for mills. No stone of any kind has 
been discovered on the surface or in the banks of the 
streams. 

Sees. 6, 7, 18, 19, 30, and 31, embrace all the 1st 
rate land, and has an equal quantity of prairie and 
timber land ; sees. 8, 17, 20, 29, and 32, embrace all 
the good 2d rate prairie ; residue poor 3d rate sandy 
prairie. There are as yet few settlements. 

Township 78 — Range 4, W. — Is principally prai- 
rie, with some valuable timber land ; the eastern 
part is well watered by the Wapsanoanock creek, 
which passes through an extensive rich bottom, cov- 
ered with a heavy growth of white oak, red oak, 
bjack and white walnut, sugar-tree, ash, and lynn. 



lInds in IOWA. 69 

The SW. qr. 2, W. ^ and SE. qr. 3, E. i 4, E. 
I and NW. qr. 10, sees. 11, 13, E. | and NW. qr. 
14, sees. 24, 25, 36, embrace all the 1st rate timber 
land. See. 1, E. i and NW. qr. 2, sec. 12, E. ^ 
23, E. ^ 26, E. ^ 35, embraee all the 1st rate prairie ; 
residue high rolling prairie, 3d rate. There are some 
few settlements in this township. 

Township 78 — Range 5, W. — Almost entirely an 
open prairie of an inferior quality, being wet in 
places ; the whole township 3d rate. There is but one 
small grove of indifferent timber, in the S. part of 
sees. 30 and 31, and W. part of 32. The whole 
being nearly destitute of water, having neither springs 
or brooksof any kind except one small sluggish stream 
in the SW. corner of the township. 



SECOND DIVISION 



TOWNSHIP 77. 

Range I, E. — Is fractional ; embracing about two- 
thirds of an entire township ; situated high, dry, and 
rolling, principally timber land ; in the aggregate 2d 
rate soil. 'Pine creek and its tributaries traverse 
this township ; springs of water are abundant and 
good. The Mississippi river passes from E. to W. 
on the south side of this township ; the bottoms along 
the river are narrow, though of 1st rate soil. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak, and hickory. Free or 
sand stone in abundance. 

The N. part 6, SW. qr. 18, NW. qr. 19, embrace 



70 DESCRIPTION OF 

all the prairie which is 2d rate ; residue rolling 2d 
rate timber land ; the timber is of an inferior quality. 
The villages of Iowa and Montpeiier are located at 
the mouth of Pine creek ; Iowa above, and Montpeiier 
below. These villages have handsome situations, 
and surrounded by a delightful body of good timber 
land. 

Township 77 — Range 2, E. — Fractional. This 
township is high, dry, and rolling, being delightfully 
situated on the north bank of the Mississippi river. 
It may be considered in point of soil 2d rate. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak, hickory, and elm. Lime, 
stone is to be found in the banks of the several 
streams. 

The N. part 1, NE. qr. 2, NW. qr. 3, N. i 4, N. 
^ 5, NE. qr. 6, is 1st rate prairie and timber land. 
The S. i fractional sees. 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and all 
24, is 1st rate bottom land ; residue rolling 2d rate 
timber land. The village of Buffalo is located on 
fractional sec. 22 ; this is a beautiful situation for a 
lown, and the only convenient place for a ferry for 
about eight miles down the river, and four miles up. 

Township 77 — Range 3, E. — Fractional. Em- 
bracing about six sections ; it is rolling and dry, 
beautifully situated on the northwest bank of the 
Mississippi river. Rock river enters the Mississippi 
about midway of this township on the Illinois side. 
Credit and Horse islands are in front of this town- 
ship ; they have a good soil and well timbered ; these 
islands were surveyed with the public surveys, and 
will come in market on the 3d of March, 1840, (if 
the sales are not postponed again.) Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, hackberry, lynn, elm, and willow. 
Limestone in an abundance and good ; there are in- 
dications of stone coal.^ There is a small portion of 



LANDS m IOWA. 



prairie in sec. 4, SE. qr. 5, NE. qr. 8, W. fraction 
9 ; residue rolling 2d rate timber land. The town 
of Rockingham is located on the SE. fractional qr. 
of section 8;^ immediately opposite the mouth of Rock 
river. 



TOWNSHIP 78. 

Range I, E. — Is principally high rolling prairie, 
interspersed with numerous small marshes or wet 
prairie. There are but two small groves of timber 
in the township. Neither stone nor stone coal ; and 
but poorly supplied with water. This may be con- 
sidered in the aggregate a township of 2d rate land, 
though well situated for cultivation. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, hickory, and hazel. 

The S. i 7, SW. qr. 8, N. i 18, N. i of NW. qr. 
17, S. i 32, S. i 33, S. i 34, S. | 35, S. f 36, em- 
brace all the timber land, which is 2d rate. The SE. 
qr. 24, sec. 25, S. ^ 26, S. i 27, S. i 28, NE. qr. 

32, N. i 33, N. i 34, N. i 35, embrace all the 1st 
rate prairie ; residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 78 — Range 2, E. — Is mostly high, dry, 
and rolling prairie, beautifully situated for farming 
purposes, but poorly supplied with timber, water, 
and stone. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, and 
hickory. 

The SE. qr. 22, SW. qr. 23, S. i 25, W. i and 
SE. qr. 26, sec. 27, NE. qr. 28, W. i 31, NE. qr. 
and SW. qr. 35, sec. 36, embrace all the timber 
land, which is good 2d rate. The SW. qr. 22, E. ^ 
23, S. h 24, N. i 25, SW. qr. 30, SE. qr. 32, S. * 

33, SW. qr. and E. ^ 34, NW. qr. 35, embrace all 
the 1st rate prairie ; residue rolling ,2d rate prairie. 



73 DESCRIPTION OF 

Township 78 — Range S, E. — Fractional. Is high, 
dry, and rolling, beautifully situated for farming pur- 
poses ; the northern part is principally rolling prairie; 
the southern part is handsomely roiling, and equally 
divided into prairie and timber land ; the whole is 
well watered ; the Mississippi river cuts off the south- 
east corner of the township, and Duck creek and its 
tributaries traverse eastwardly through the township ; 
springs are abundant and good. 

The foot of the Upper Rapids is opposite fractional 
section 25. Limestone in abundance in the banks 
of the river. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, 
and hickory of rather an inferior quality. 

The SE. qr. 10, SW. qr. 11, NW. qr. 14, NE. 
qr. 15, S. i 23, SE. i 24, fractional 25, middle part 

26, middle part 27, sees. 28, 29, S. f 30, sees. 31, 
32, W. ^ 33, embrace all the timber land, which is 
good 2d rate. The S. i of SW. qr. 26, S. i of S. i 

27, E. i 33, fractional sees. 34 and 35, embrace all 
the 1st rate prairie ; residue rolling good 2d rate 
prairie. 

The town of Davenport is situated on the north 
bank of the Mississippi, in sec. 26, and fractional 
sec. 35, about three-fourths of a mile below the foot 
of Rock island, which lies partly in front of this 
township ; it is a thriving Uttle town, (at present the 
seat of justice of Scott county,) and from its location 
(at the foot of the Upper Rapids,) it cannot be other- 
wise than a place of considerable importance. Set- 
tlements rapidly making in the vicinity of the river. 

Township 78 — Range 4, E. — Fractional. This' 
township is high, dry, and handsomely undulating, 
about three-fourths prairie, being dehghtfully situated 
on the north bank of the Mississippi river, which 
passes it in a curve. The whole well watered; 



LANDS IN IOWA. 7S 

Duck and Crow creeks traverse it in a southeasterly 
direction, discharging their waters into the Missis- 
sippi ; springs of pure water are not unfrequent — 
limestone in abundance. Growth, white, black, 
and bur oak, hickory, elm, cottonwood, and syca- 
more. 

The NE. qr. 1, SE. qr. 10, S. i 11, S. i 12, 
NW. i 13, sec. 14, E. i of E. ^ 15, W. i of SW. 
qr. 16, S. i of S. i 17, S. i 19, sec. 20, S. i and 
W. i NW. qr. 21, SW. qr. 22, N. i and N. i of 
S. i 23, NW. qr. and N. i of NE. qr. 28, W. i 
and NE. qr. 29, fractional sec. 30, embrace all the 
timber land, which is good 2d rate. The SE. ^ 13, 
S. i of SE. qr. 23, fractional sees. 24, 25, 26, E. i 
and SW. qr. 27, S. i 28, SE. qr. 29, fractional sees. 
32, 33, 34, embrace all the 1st rate bottom prairie ; 
residue rolling good 2d rate prairie. There are two 
large islands and several small ones in front of this 
township : the first of importance is Rock island ; this 
is one of the most beautiful as well as most valuable 
islands in the western country, being high, dry, and 
1st rate soil and timber, with a rock foundation. 
The next in point of notice is Campbells island ; this 
island is low and subject to inundation, though 1st 
rate soil and timber. This township is rapidly im- 
proving. 

Township 78 — Range 5, E. — Is fractional, em- 
bracing about six sections ; it is high, dry, and roll- 
ing, principally timber land, delightfully situated on 
the NW. bank of the Mississippi river, which passes 
it in a southwesterly direction. The head of the 
Upper or Rock Island Rapids is opposite section 2. 
The whole well watered by numerous small streams 
which empty into the Mississippi. Limestone in 
abundance and of a good quality. Growth, white, 
7 



74 DiSSCEIPTION OF 

black, and bur oak, hickory, elm, cottonwood, and 
■willow. 

The N. i NW. qr. 3, N. i 4, N. i 5, part of N. 
i and W. i SW. qr. 6, W. ^ of NW. qr. 7, and 
fractional sec. 18, embrace all the prairie which is 
1st rate — fraction 2, S. ^ 3, S. ^ 4, fractional sees. 
8, 9, and 10, embrace all the 1st rate timber land; 
residue 2d rate timber land. Smithes Island, a beau- 
tiful small island containing 74 acres 36 hundredths 
of an acre, is situated in sections 8 and 9 ; it is high, 
dry, and well timbered. 



THIRD DIVISION 



TOWNSHIP 79. 

Range 1, W.— Is almost entirely open prairie^ 
well watered by Mud creek, a sluggish but durable 
stream, passing nearly centrally through the town- 
ship. The soil is a limestone clay, producing a 
luxuriant crop of grass. The small groves have a 
very inferior growth of bur oak, white oak, and some 
hickory. 

The SW. qr. 28, NE. qr. 31, N. i 32, NW. qr, 
33, embrace alt the timber land, which is good 2d 
rate ; residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 79 — Range 2, W. — All excellent prai- 
rie and timber conveniently intermixed, a beautiful 
undulating surface. The whole well watered ; Sugar 
creek and its tributaries pass through this township; 
in the banks of the streams are plenty of good build- 



LANDS IN IOWA. 75 

ing stone ; fine springs of pure water are abundant 
and good ; the Red Cedar river passes through the 
SW. qr. sec. 31. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, 
€tnd hickory, and of a good quaHty. 

The S. i 3, sees. 20, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, E. i 32, 
sees. 33, 34, 35, and 36, is 1st rate soil and nearly 
all prairie ; residue good 2d rate farming land, prin- 
'cipally timbered. There are several good mill-seats 
on Sugar creek, two of which are improved ; two 
saw-mills are nearly ready to go into operation. 
The village of Centreville is located on the NW. qr. 
of sec. 3, and NE. qr. of sec. 4 ; the situation is de- 
lightful, and may in time be a place of importance. 

Township 79 — Range 3, W. — Is about one -third 
timber land ; the other two-thirds, rolling good 2d 
rate prairie ; the whole well watered. The Red Cedar 
river traverses the eastern part of the township ; it 
passes over a bed of quicksand, the banks are low, the 
channel interrupted by numerous low willow islands ; 
average width of the river is about 10 chains. The 
bottoms low and sandy. Growth, ash, cottonwood, 
maple, hickory, black walnut, with some white, black, 
and bur oak. The Wap-si-noe-nock creek has its 
source within this township ; it is a durable but slug- 
gish stream, passing through a good 2d rate prairie. 
Good springs are rather scarce. There is some 
stone of an inferior quality found in the bluffs of the 
Red Cedar. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, NE. qr. 4, sees. 10, 11, 12, E. frac- 
tion 13, N. i and SW. qr. 14, E. | 15, E. ^ 22, W. 
i and SE. qr. 23, SE. fraction and part SW. qr. 24, 
sec. 25, part W. ^ 26, NE. qr. 27, E. fraction and 
part of SW. fraction 36, embrace all the timber land, 
of which W. I 25, E. fraction 26, N. ^ 24, W. frac 
tion 13, SW. fraction 12, is 1st rate ; residue of the 



76 DESCRIPTION OF 

timber land is good 2d rate farming land ; the prairie 
is all good 2d rate land. 

The village of Rochester is located on the SE. qr. 
2, and NE. qr. 11, and is at present the seat of jus- 
tice for Cedar county. Settlements are making 
rapidly ; a Mr. Green has erected a saw-mill on 
Rock creek in sec. 2. 

Township 79 — Range 4, W. — Principally high 
rolling prairie, suitable for farming, well watered by 
the two branches of the Wapsinoenock and their 
tributaries ; good springs of limestone are abundant ; 
stone and timber is a desideratum in this township. 

The SW. qr. 28, SE. qr. 29, E. i 32, W, ^ 33, 
embrace all the timber land, which is 1st rate. Sees. 
16, 17, 20, 21, E. i and NW. qr. 28, W. ^ and 
NE. qr. 29, W. ^ 32, E. ^ 33, W. i 34, embrace 
all the 1st rate prairie ; residue rolling 2d rate 
prairie. 

Township 79 — Range 5, W. — The general fea- 
tures of this township is mostly level rich prairie, but 
a small portion slightly undulating. There is a small 
portion of the NW. part covered with timber. This 
township is poorly supplied with water ; springs and 
running water are extremely scarce. Growth, oak, 
hickory, lynn, plum, and hazel ; timber of rather an 
inferior quality. 

Sec. 1, SE. qr. 7, SW. qr. 8, sees. 13, 15, 18, 
21, 24, 25, 28, is rolling 1st rate prairie. Sec. 2, 
most of 10, sec. 11, is rolling 2d rate prairie. The 
W. i and NE. qr. 3, sees. 4, 5, 6, N. ^ and SW. 
qr. 7, N. ^ and SE. qr. 8, N. ^ 9, embrace all the 
timber land, which is 2d rate ; residue level, 1st rate 
prairie. 

Township 79 — Range 6, W. — Is delightfully in- 
terspersed with prairie and timber, mostly 1st rate. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 77 

generally undulating, though very little can be called 
broken ; excellent timber, with inexhaustible quar- 
ries of limestone and gray marble. This township 
is well watered ; the Iowa river passes in a south- 
easterly direction through this township, dividing it 
into two equal parts. The banks of the river are 
low, from ten to fifteen feet above the bed of the 
river, and generally sandy, but in a few places rocky. 
The river has usually a gentle current and shallow 
bed, exceedingly interrupted with sand bars. Springs 
of pure water are abundant and good. Growth, 
lynn, walnut, ash, white, black, bur, and Spanish 
oak, honey locust, and cottonwood. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, are rolling 2d rate timber land. 
Sees. 5, 6, 7, rolling 3d rate. Sees. 8, 9, 13, 14, 
SE. qr. and S. i of NE. qr. 15, sees. 16, 24, rolling 
1st rate prairie. Sees. 10, 11, 12, W. ^ and N. ^ 
of NE. qr. 15, W. i 22, W. i 27, E. i 28, embrace 
all the rolling 1st rate timber land ; E. ^ 22, sees. 
23, 25, 26, E. i 27, sees. 34, 35, and 36, embrace 
all the level 1st rate prairie ; residue rolling 2d rate 
prairie, with small groves of scrubby oaks. Iowa 
City is located on section 10, and is rapidly improv- 
ing ; it was located by commissioners appointed by 
the Legislative Assembly, as the future seat of 
government. 



TOWNSHIP 80. 

Range 1, W. — Is principally high rolling prairie, 
beautifully situated on the height of land between the 
Wapsipinecon and Red Cedar rivers ; it is tolerably 
well supplied with water. Postain's creek meanders 
through the NE. part ; the eastern branch of Sugar 



78 DESCRIPTION OF 

creek traverses the western, and Aliens creek the 
SE. part of the township. Growth scattering, white 
and black oak, hickory, and hazel. 

The NE. qr. 1, E. i of NE. qr. and S. i of 2, N. 
i of NE. qr. 11, E. i and NW. qr. 12, NE. qr. 28, 
embrace all the timber land, which is broken 2d rate. 
The N. i 13, N. i 14, S. * 16, W. i and SE. qr. 
17, sees. 18, 19, 20, NW. qr. 21, N. | 23, sec. 25, 
SW. qr. 30, sees. 31 and 36, embrace all the roll- 
ing 1st rate prairie ; residue part broken and part 
level 1st rate prairie. 

Township 80 — Range 2, W — Is about two-thirds 
high rolling prairie, soil of the 1st quality, and one- 
third broken timber land of 2d rate quality. The 
whole tolerably well supplied with water. Sugar 
creek traverses this township from north to south ; 
several other small streams, but not of much value. 
Growth, white, black, and bur oak, elm, hickory, 
poplar, cherry, thorn, plum, and crab-apple. 

Sec. 1, SW. qr. 3, S. i and NW. qr. 4, E. i 5, 
NW. qr. 9, NW. qr. 10, N. I and SE. qr. 12, W. i 
16, E. i of SE. qr. 17, NE. qr. 20, E. i 21, sec. 
22, W. J- 23, SE. qr. 27, sec. 26, NW. qr. 35, em- 
brace all the rolling 1st rate prairie. The SW. qr. 
5, E. i SW. qr. and S. i of NW. qr. 7, sec. 8, 
NW. qr. 9, part of NW? qr. 15, W. i and NE. 
qr. and W. i SE. qr. 17, sees. 18, 19, ""W. | and 
SE. qr. 20, part SE. qr. 22, part SW. qr. 23, S. 
4 27, W. 1 and SE. qr. 28, E. i and NW. qr. 29, 
W. i and NE. qr. 30, sec. 31, SW. qr. and NE. qr. 
of NE. qr. 32, E. i and NW. qr. 33, most of 34, S. 
^ of SW. qr. 35, embrace all the timber land, which 
is broken 1st rate ; residue rolling 1st rate prairie, 
well situated for agricultural purposes. 

Township SO — Range 8 , W. — Is principally broken 



LANDS IN IOWA. 79 

1st rate land, and mostly timbered with an excellent 
quality of white, black, and bur oak, hickory, lynn, 
hackberry, poplar, cedar, and some sugar-trees. This 
township is well watered ; the Red Cedar river flows 
through the SW. part, is rapid, but not navigable, 
(except during freshets,) owing to innumerable sand 
bars extending from bank to bank ; Rock creek, a 
good mill-stream, flows southeasterly through the 
eastern part, and Rock run through the middle. These 
streams are deep and rapid, flowing over rock bot- 
toms. Springs are abundant and good ; there is a fine 
spring at corner of sees. 22, 23, 26, 27. There is 
a good mill site on the SE. qr. of sec. 10. 

The E. ^ 1, W. I 4, sees. 5 and 6, embrace all 
the 1st rate. The SW. qr. 19, W. i and SE. qr. 
29, sees. 30, 81, and 32, SW. qr. 33, broken good 
2d rate prairie ; residue broken 1st rate timber 
land. 

Township 80 — Range 4, W. — Is high, dry, and 
very broken, and nearly destitute of timber, except- 
ing upon the border of the Red Cedar river, which 
traverses southeasterly through the NE. part of this 
township, and one or two small groves, lying in the 
western part ; the soil is mostly 2d rate. The river 
is deep, rapid current, the banks are high, and com- 
posed of limestone of an excellent quality. Growth, 
white, black, bur, and yellow oak, hickory, and 
maple. 

Sec. 1, fractional lots No. 5 and 6 of sec. 2, is 
1st rate rolHng prairie. The NE. i 2, sec. 3, NE. 
^10, sees. 11, 12, 13, embrace all the timber land, 
which is broken 2d rate ; residue broken 2d rate 
prairie, with some scattering timber of hickory and 
oaks. 



80 DESCRIPTION OF 



TOWNSHIP 81. 

Range 1, W. — This township is very broken and 
contains nothing worthy of remark, soil principally 
2d rate, and poorly supplied with water ; there are 
two streams, one in the NE., and the other in the 
SW. part of the township ; the streams are deep 
and rapid, and subject to sudden rises ; the middle 
part is thinly timbered with white, black, and bur 
oak, and some hickory. 

Sees. 1, 2, 6, N. i 12, S. i 14, is level, 1st rate 
prairie. The E. ^ and N. i NW. qr. 3, W. i and 
N. i NE. qr. 4, sec. 5, NW. qr. and N. i of NE. 
qr. 8, embrace all the rolling 1st rate prairie. The 
SW. qr. 3, SE. qr. 4, SE. qr. and S. i of NE. qr. 
10, SW. qr. and S. ^ of NW\ qr. 11, NE. qr. 21, 
NW. qr. 22, heavy timbered land, broken 2d rate. 
The S. i 12, SE. qr. 11, W. i 10, sec. 9, S. i and 
S. i of NE. qr. 8, N. i 13, N. i 14, N. i and SW. 
qr. 15, sees. 16, 17, E. ^ 18, N. ^ 19, N. i 20, 
NW. qr. 21, SE. qr. 22, S. f 23, S. i 24, sec. 25, 
NE. i 26, N. I and SE. qr. 36, thinly timbered, 
broken 2d rate ; residue rolling and some broken 2d 
rate prairie. 

Township 81 — Range 2, W. — The whole of this 
township is broken wet prairie with a very rich soil, 
with the exception of three small groves of scatter- 
ing timber. The whole poorly supplied with water. 
Sugar creek has its source in the western part of 
this township ; springs of good water are scarce ; 
timber and stone is a desideratum. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, hickory, lynn, and elm. 

The SW. qr. and SW. qr. of NW. qr. 1, SE. 
qr. and S. ^ NE. qr. 2, W. ^ of SW. qr. 7, W. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 81 

1 of SW. qr. 28, E. i of SE. qr, 29, E. i of NE. 
qr. 32, W. ^ of NW. qr. 33, embrace all the timber 
land, which is broken 1st rate ; residue broken 1st 
rate prairie. 

Township 81 — Range 3, W. — Is principally roll- 
ing 1st rate prairie, with a deep rich soil, well adapted 
to the cultivation of small grain. It is well watered ; 
Rock creek traverses the east half, and Rock run 
the west ; these streams are deep and rapid, flowing 
principally over a limestone bottom. Limestone in 
abundance, and of a good quality for building. 
Growth, white and black oak, hickory, lynn, ash, 
ironwood, and some sugar-trees. 

The SW. qr. 2, NW. qr. and SE. qr. 10, sec. 
11, N. i 14, N. i of NE. qr. 15, sec. 17, S. ^ 34, 
SW. qr. and S. ^ of SE. qr. 35, embrace all the 
timber land, which is broken 1st rate ; residue roll- 
ing 1st rate prairie, with occasionally broken places. 

Township 81 — Range 4, W. — Is about two- 
thirds beautiful high rolling prairie of the first quality 
of soil; Mason's grove lies in sees. 10, 11, 12, 13, 
14, 15, 22 and 23 ; the north part of sees. 22 and 
23, is mostly scrubby oak ; residue of the grove well 
timbered and free from undergrowth, soil broken 2d 
rate. The whole well watered. The Red Cedar 
river traverses southeasterly through sections 19, 20, 
21, 28, 33 and 34 ; several small streams have 
their sources in this township ; they flow over rock 
bottoms, discharging their waters into the Red Cedar 
river. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, and 
hickory. 

Sees. 1, 2, E. i 3, W. i 4, S. i 5, S. i 6, most 
of 8, N. i 9, N. i 10, N. 1 11, N. i and SE. qr. 12, 
SE. qr. 13, S. ^ 16, most of 21, S. f 23, most of 24, 
sees. 25, 26, E. ^ 27, NE. 



82 DESCRIPTION OF 

all the rolling 1st prairie. The S. f 7, W. i 8, SE. 
qr. 10, S. i 11, SW. qr. 12, N. i and SW. qr. 13, 
sees. 14, 15, 18, N. ^ 19, N. i 22, N. i 23, SW. 
qr. 35, sec. 34, SW. qr. 27, fractions No. 2, 3, and 
4 of sec. 28, W. ^ 30, W. i of SW. qr. and SW. 
qr. of NW. qr. 31, is rolling 2d rate timber land ; 
S. ^ 17, most of 20, S. i and NW. qr. 21, most of 
28, S. i and NE. qr. 29, NE. qr. 32, N. i 33, is 
level 1st rate bottom land ; residue mostly broken 
1st rate prairie. 



TOWNSHIP 82. 

Range 1, W. — Mostly high rolling prairie of first 
and second rate quality, and will afford but few- 
inducements to settlers ; timber, stone, and good 
springs of water is a desideratum ; the NE. corner 
is watered by the Wapsipinecon river ; residue of 
the township rather destitute of water. 

The W. I 1, E. i of 2, E. | 11, most of sees. 12 
and 13, embrace all the timber land, which is broken 
2d rate. The N. i 3, N. i 4, N. J- 5, is broken 2d 
rate barrens ; most of 14, sec. 15, SE. qr. 20, E. ^ 
24, most of 30, is rolling 1st rate prairie ; W. ^ 28, 
E. i 29, E. i 31, sec. 32, W. ^ 33, embrace all the 
level 1st rate, prairie ; residue broken 2d and 3d 
rate prairie. 

Township 82 — Range 2, W.—ls one unbroken 
high rolling prairie, of the 1st quality, containing 
but one small grove of timber, about one section in 
extent. The whole poorly supplied with water ; 
limestone in abundance in the vicinity of the grove. 
Growth, white and black oak, hickory, lynn, black 
walnut, and elm. The grove lies on the S. ^ of 11 ; 



LANDS IN IOWA. 8B 

N. i 14, sees. 1, 2, 10, 11, 12, 14, SE. qr. 15, NW. 

qr. 22, are tolerably well watered and 1st rate ; 
residue high rolling prairie. 

Township 82 — Range 3, W. — Is principally high 
rolling prairie of the first quality, being delightfully 
situated on the height of land between the Red Cedar 
and Wapsipinecon rivers ; the whole poorly supplied 
with water and timber. Growth, white, black, and 
bur oak, lynn, hickory, and elm. 

The SW. qr. 5, most of 6, part W. ^ 26, part E. 
^ 27, part NE. qr. 32, embrace all the timber land, 
which is broken 2d rate. Sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, E. ^ 5, 
most of 7, sees. 8, 9, 10, 11, W. i 14, sec. 15, N. ^ 
and SE qr. 18, S. ^ 19, S. ^ 20, sec. 22, W. i 27, 
E. -1 28, sees. 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, W. ^ 35, embrace 
all the rolling 1st rate prairie. Sees. 12, 13, E. ^ 
11, E. i 14, sec. 23, N. i 24, S. i 25, E. ^ 35, see. 
36, is level 1st rate prairie ; residue rolling 2d and 
3d rate prairie. 

Township 82 — Range 4, W. — Is mostly high 
broken 2d rate land, about two-thirds prairie, beau- 
tifully situated on the height of land between the 
Wapsipinecon and Red Cedar rivers ; the whole 
tolerably well watered. Walnut creek has its source 
in the NE. part, and Clear creek has its source in 
the SW. part, the latter flowing into the Red Cedar, 
and the former into the Wapsipinecon. Limestone 
in abundance in the banks of Clear creek, and of a 
good quality. Growth, white, black, and red oak, 
and hickory. 

Sec. 1, SE. qr. and E. i of SW. qr. 2, NE. qr. 
and E. i of NW. qr. 11, N. ^ 12, W. i 22, W. ^ 
27, sec. 28, N. \ 33, S. i of SW. qr. 35, is broken 
2d rate timber land. The N. \ 4, NE. qr. 5, is 
level 1st rate timber land. The SW. i 7, SW. i 



84 DESCRIPTION OF 

16, most of 17, sec. 18, most of 19, sees. 20, 21, 29, 
E. f of 30, most of 31, NW. a of 32, embrace all 
the timber land, which is broken 3d rate. The S. | 
of 4, S. i and NW. qr. 5, sec. 6, NE. i 7, sees. 8, 
9, S. i 12, sec. 13, W. i 30, embrace all the level 
1st rate prairie ; residue broken 2d rate prairie. 



TOWNSHIP 83. 

Range 1, W. — Is principally broken 3d rate 
prairie, with a narrow strip of timber along the Wap- 
sipinecon river and in the NE. part of the township. 
This township is well watered. The Wapsipinecon 
river passes through the SW. part ; it has a rapid 
current and low banks. Limestone in abundance 
is to be found in the banks of the small streams. 
Growth, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, lynn, 
birch, and cottonwood. 

The E. i 1, SW. i 7, S. i NE. qr. 12, N. i 13, 
N. f of W. i and part SE. qr. 19, E. i SE. qr. 29, 
SW. qr. 28, NE. i 35, SW. qr. 36, S. ^ and NW. 
qr. 33, E. ^ and SW. qr. 32, is broken 3d rate tim- 
ber land ; sec. 16, iron ore. The NW. qr. of SW. 
qr. and S. ^ of SE. qr. 18, NE. qr. 19, most of sec. 
20, S. i 21, N. i 27, N. i 28, is level 3d rate tim- 
bered bottom land. S. i 5, S. i 6, N. i and SW. 
qr. 7, W. ^ 8, is broken 2d rate prairie. The N. ^ 
of SW. qr. and E. f of N. i 18, SW. qr. 17, NE. 
qr. 20, NW. qr. 21, S. i 22, S. i 23, is level 3d 
rate prairie ; residue mostly broken 3d rate prairie. 

Township 83 — Range 2, W. — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, well situated for the purpose of raising stock, 
the land being excellent for grazing. The whole 
well watered by numerous small streams of excel- 



LANDS IN IOWA. 85 

lent water ; the Wapsipinecon river passes from west 
to east through this township. Growth, white, black, 
bur oak, and hickory. 

The W. i of SW. qr. 1, S. i and S. i of NW. qr. 
2,S. f of E. i and E. part SW. qr. 3, W. i of SW. 
qr. 6, S. f 7, SW. qr. and S. | of NW. qr. 8, S. i 
of SE. qr. 9, S. J- and N. ^ of NE. qr. 10, E. ^ N. 
^ of NW. qr. and part of SW. qr. 11, NW. qr. and 
N. i of S. i 12, S. i and NW. qr. 13, S. ^ and NE. 
qr. 14, S. i 15, SE. qr. 16, NW. qr. 17, W. ^ of 
SW. qr. 18, SE. qr. 21, SW. qr. 22, N. f 23, N. ? 
24, E. i of NW. qr. 27, is broken 3d rate timber 
land ; residue mostly broken 3d rate prairie. 

Township 83 — Range 3, W. — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, and somewhat broken, rich in timber and 
water privileges. The soil in general is well adapted 
to the raising of grain of various kinds. The creeks 
have rock bottoms and rapid currents. There is a 
fine mill-site on the SE. qr. 19. The Wapsipinecon 
river passes through the NE. corner of the township. 
Growth, white, black, bur, and red oak, lynn, wal- 
nut, &;c. 

E. i of SE. qr. and W. i of NE. qr. 1, NE. qr. 
2, sec. 5, E. i and NW. qr. 6, N. i and SE. qr. 8, 
most of sec. 9, NW. qr. and part SW. qr. and S. ^ 
of SE. qr. 10, E. i of NW. qr. llr, SW. qr. 14, S. 
i and N. i of NE. qr. 15, S. i 19, NE. qr, aO, is 
mostly 3d rate and timber land. The NE. qr. 22^ 
W. i NW. qr. 23, SW. qr. 20, N. ^ 29, N. i of 
SW. qr. 28, is level 1st and 2d rate timber land. 
The W. i 1, SE. qr. 2, SW. qr. 8, E. i 11, most of 
12, E. i 13, NW. qr. 15, E. i 16, S. ^ 17, S. i 18, 
N. i and SE. qr. 20, sec. 21, W. i and SE. qr. 22, 
S. i and NE. qr. 23, N. i 24, most of 27, E. ^ and 
NW. qr. 28, S. i 29, NE. qr. 32, N. i 33, embrace 
8 



86 DESCRIPTION OF 

all the level 1st and 2d rate prairie ; residue broken 
2d and 3d rate prairie. 

Township 83 — Range 4, W. — Is principally beau- 
tiful high rolling prairie, well situated for agricultu- 
ral and mechanical purposes ; mill-seats may be had 
on most of the creeks which pass through it. The 
whole well watered. Several small creeks have their 
sources within this township ; springs are numerous 
and good. Some indications of coal are to be seen 
in different parts of the township. Growth, oak, 
iynn, hickory, elm, walnut, cherry, &c. 

N. i 1, E. i of SW. qr. 7, W. part SE. qr. 8, 
W. I of S. i 14, SE. qr. 15, N. i of SW. qr. 16, 
N. i of SE. qr. and S. ^ of NW. qr. 17, N. ^ 18, 
E. ^ of NW. qr. and W. i of NE. qr. 23, SE. 
qr. 32, W. f of S. i 33, S. ^ of SW. qr. 36, is 
broken 2d rate timber land ; the NE. qr. 4, NW. 
qr. 3, N. ^ 6, W. i 15, E. ^ 16, E. i 20, sees. 21, 
22, S. i 24, N. i 25, N. i 26, N. ^ 27, N. i 28, is 
part rolling 1st and 2d rate prairie ; residue broken 
2d and 3d rate prairie. 



TOWNSHIP 84. 

Range 1, W, — Is about two- thirds high rollings 
prairie, and the other broken 2d rate timber land ;• 
well situated for agricultural purposes; the whole 
well watered. Bear creek, a good mill stream, passes 
through the south part ; and several other small 
streams have their sources within this township. 
The streams are deep and have rapid currents* 
Iron ore (hyd. br. ox. of iron) has been found upon 
the east half of sec. 35. Growth, white, black, and^ 
bur oak, hickory, &c., of an inferior quality. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 87 

The NE. qr. 27, SW. qr. 21, sees. 1, 2, 3, E. i 
4, E. |- 9, sec. 10, is broken 2d rate timber land ; 
sees. 11, 12, 13, 14, N. i and E. | of S. ^ 15, SW. 
qr. 19, E. i 22, sees. 23, 24, 25, NE. qr. 26, grove 
on NW. qr. 28, and NE. qr. 29, N. -i- of 36, is roll- 
ing 2d rate timber land ; residue rolling 1st and 2d 
rate prairie. 

Township 84 — Range 2, W. — Is generally roll- 
ing 2d rate prairie land, the south part mostly 1st 
rate ; in the eentre, east and west, there is a strip 
of oak timber land, timber scrubby ; poorly supplied 
with water. Several small streams have their source 
in this township, but are of no value for propelling 
machinery of any kind. The places called marshes 
are caused by springs. 

The E. i 1, SW. qr. 2, S. i 3, S. i 5, S. ^ of SE. qr. 
6,NE.qr.7,S.|8,see.9,S.ilO, 8.^11,8.^12, N.i 
and 8E. qr. 13, NE. qr. 14, 8. ^ of SW. qr. 18, N. i 
19, 8. i 35, 8. ^ 36, is rolling 2d rate prairie ; the 
NW. qr. 4, E. ^ and part of SW. qr. 5, is marshy; 
the NW. qr. 5, W. i and N. f of E. i 6, W. i and 
SE. qr. 7, S. i of SW. qr. 8, W. ^ of SW. qr. 13, 
8. I and NW. qr. 14, most of sees. 15, 16, 17, E. i^ 
and N. f of W. ^ 18, NE. qr. of NE. qr. 19, part 
NW. qr. 20, NE. qr. 22, N. ^ 23, most of 24, is 
rolling 2d rate timber land ; residue part level and 
part rolling 1st rate prairie. 

Township 84 — Range 3, W. — Is generally very 
broken, both in the prairie and timber land, about 
two-thirds of which is prairie. Timber N. of the 
river is white, black, bur, and red oak, and hickory 
of an inferior quality ; timber in SW. part is of the 
same kind, but tolerably good ; the whole well 
watered by the Wapsipinecon river, which passes in 
a southeasterly direction through the southwest part; 



88 DESCRIPTION OF 

the river is hemmed in by high rocky bluffs. This 
township may be considered in the aggregate 3d 
rate in point of soil, timber, &;c. Growth, on the 
bottoms, white elm, hackberry, white and black ash, 
butternut, and maple. 

Sees. 1, 2, E. i 3, NE. i 11, sec. 12, E. i 13, 
W. ^ 18, sec. 19, SW. qr. 20, SW. qr. 26, S. ^ 27, 
S. i 28, sees. 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, E. i 35, SW. qr. 
36, embrace all the timber land, which is 3d rate ; 
residue broken 3d rate prairie. 

Township 84 — Range 4, W, — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, nearly two-thirds timber land ; well situated 
for cultivation, and well watered. The Wapsipine. 
con river passes through the north part of the town, 
ship in a southeasterly direction. Buffalo creek 
enters this township in sec. 4, and forms a junction 
with the Wapsipinecon in sec. 10 ; numerous small 
streams empty into the Wapsipinecon. The bluffs 
along the river and creeks are sand and limestone, 
and are either high or very broken. Excellent tim. 
ber on sees. 4, 8, 10, and 11. Growth on upland, 
white, black, bur, and red oak, hickory, and cherry ; 
on the bottoms, white elm, lynn, sugar, butternut, 
black walnut, and maple ; undergrowth, hazel, su- 
mach, and grape-vines. 

The SW. qr. 8, SE. qr. 9, NW. qr. 10, NW. qr. 
15, sec. 16, N. i 17, NE. qr. 20, sec. 21, SW. qr. 
23, N. i 27, N. i of NE. qr. 28, E. i 35, embrace 
all the 2d rate timber land ; residue of timber land 
broken 3d rate ; sec. 19, W. ^ and SE. qr. 20, S. 
i 27, W. i and SE. qr. 28, sees. 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 
and 34, embrace all the 1st rate prairie ; residue of 
prairie broken 3d rate ; some few settlements made 
in this township. 

Township 84 — Range 5, W. — Is handsomely ele- 



LANDS IN IOWA. 89 

vated and dry; the NE. and SW. parts are some 
broken ; much the largest portion is level 1st rate 
prairie ; the whole well situated for cultivation, and 
but poorly supplied with water ; the Wapsipinecon 
river passes through the NE. corner of the town- 
ship. Two other small streams are all that is in the 
township ; neither stone nor stone coal discovered. 
Growth, white, black, bur, and red oak, white ash, 
lynn, elm, sugar, and cherry. 

Sees. 1, 2, E. i 3, NE. qr. and E. i SE. qr. 11, 
sec. 12, NE. qr. and NW. qr. 13, NW. qr. 28, E. 
i and SW. qr. 29, SE. qr. 30, sec. 31, W. i 32, em- 
brace all the timber land, which is 2d rate ; the SE. 
iqr. 9, sec. 10, S. ^ 13, sees. 14, 15, 16, S. i 20, sees. 
21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, E. ^ and SW. qr. 28, 
NW. qr. 29, E. ^ 32, sees. 33, 34, 35, and 36, em- 
brace all the 1st rate prairie ; residue rolling 2d 
rate prairie. 



TOWNSHIP 85. 

Range 1, W. — Is generally rolling or broken ; 
the SW. part is rolling 1st rate prairie ; the north 
and east parts are broken 2d rate, timbered with oak ; 
the whole well watered. The south fork of the Mako- 
queta river flows through the north half of this 
township ; the current is rapid ; it is of regular depth 
and width, say 2 chains wide, and from 2^ to 5 feet 
deep ; steep banks. Mineral creek passes through 
the south part of this township ; it has a brisk cur- 
rent, pure water, and affords water sufficient for pro- 
pelling machinery. Limestone of an inferior quality 
is found in abundance. 

Sec. 1, sees. 12, 13, is rolling good 2d rate timber 
8* 



90 DESCRIPTION OF 

land ; the W. ^ 4, E. ^ 5, S. i 15, most of 25, W. 
^ 35, E. ^ 36, is rolling 2d rate timber land ; the 
most of 7, W. i and S. | 8, E. i 29, is rolling 2d 
rate prairie; the W. i 16, sees. 17, 18, 19, 20, W. 
i 21, W. i 29, sees. 30, 31, most of 32, embrace 
all the rolling 1st rate prairie ; residue broken 2d 
rate timber land. 

Township 85 — Range 2, W. — Is about two- 
thirds high rolling prairie, well situated for farming 
purposes, being well watered ; the Makoqueta river 
traverses the north part of the township ; it has a 
rapid current and bold shores. Mineral creek passes 
through the SE. part. The south half of this town- 
ship is gently rolling first rate prairie, the NW. part 
mostly broken, stony, 2d rate prairie, and the NE. 
part is mostly broken 2d rate timber land. Growth, 
white, black, red, and bur oak, and hickory. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, E. i and NW. qr. 5, E. i of NE. 
qr. 8, N. ^ 9, most of sees. 10 and 11, N. ^ 12, is 
broken 2d rate timber land ; the NW. qr. and W. ^ 
of SW. qr. 14, E. i 15, most of 31, S. ^ 32, is rolling 
2d rate timber land ; most of S. | of 33 is marshy ; 
sees. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 
29, 30, N. i 32, N. ^ 33, sees. 34, 35, 36, is mostly 
gently rolling 1st rate prairie ; residue mostly broken, 
rocky, 2d rate prairie. 

Township 85— i^aw^e 3, W. — Is principally high, 
dry, and rolling prairie, interspersed with some low 
and wet places ; mostly of a 2d rate quality, well 
situated for farming purposes, and poorly supplied 
with water. Limestone in abundance in the north 
part of the township. Growth, black and bur oak 
and hickory, and of an inferior quality. 

The NW. qr. 2, NE. qr. 3, SW. qr. 26, S. i 27, 
SE. qr. 28, NE. qr. 33, E. h and NW. qr. 34, W. i 



LANDS IN IOWA. 91 

gind SE. qr. 35, E. | 36, embrace all the timber land, 
which is 2d rate ; sec. 7, NW. qr. 8, SW. qr. 10, 
NW. qr. 15, NW. qr. 26, embrace all the 1st rate 
prairie ; residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 85 — Range 4, W. — May be rated in 
three distinct parts, to wit ; the south third is mostly 
timber land, very broken, 3d rate ; the north third 
is very broken, 3d rate, with some scattering short 
and scrubby white, black, and jack oak, and hazel ; 
the middle third is dry, rolling prairie of a good 2d 
rate quality. The whole poorly supplied with water. 
Buffalo creek passes through the SW. part ; it is bi- 
sected by several small streams, but of no impor- 
tance. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, 
elm, ironwood, lynn, white ash, maple, and sugar. 

Sees. 16, 17, 18, N. i 19, N. i 20, sec. 21, S. i 
22, sees. 23, 24, N. i 25, N. i 26, NE. qr. 27, em- 
brace all the 2d rate prairie land ; residue broken 
3d rate prairie and timber land. 

Township 85 — Range 5, W. — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, equally divided into prairie and timber land. 
The prairie is generally good 2d rate. The timber 
land is of an inferior quality. The bottoms on the 
river and creek are rather sandy. The creek bottoms 
are narrow. The bluffs are generally rock, varying 
in height from 10 to 100 feet. This township taken 
together is v/ell situated for cultivation ; the whole 
well watered by the Wapsipinecon river and Buffalo 
creek ; these streams pass nearly parallel through 
the township from NW. to SE. Limestone in abun- 
dance in the banks of the river. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, birch, lynn, maple, elm, and 
hickory. 

The SE. qr. 10, SE. qr. 21, is 1st rate timber 
land ; the NW. qr. 25, NE. qr. 26, SW. qr. 27, 



92 DESCRIPTION OF 

NE. qr. 28, is 1st rate prairie ; sees. 1, 2, NE. qr. 
3, E. i 11, sec. 12, E. i 13, S. ^ 19, S. i 20, SW. 
qr. 21, W. ^ 26, W. ^ 29, sees. 30, 31, W. ^ and 
SE. qr. 32, S. ^ 33, W. ^ 34, embrace all the 2d 
rate prairie; the W. i 10, W. ^ 11, SW. qr. 13, 
sec. 14, E. i 15, SE. qr. 17, sees. 22, 23, 24, SE. 
qr. 25, NE. qr. 27, E. i 34, N. i 35, NE. qr. 36, 
embrace all the 2d rate timber land ; residue broken 
3d rate timber land. 



TOWNSHIP 86. 

Range 1, W. — Is principally high, dry, and rolling 
timber land, of a 2d rate quality, with some little 
prairie and barrens ; the whole well watered. The 
North Fork or Fall river traverses southeasterly 
through the eastern part, and a small creek through 
the SW. part. Fall river is a beautiful stream about 
2 chains wide, brisk current and high banks. Lime- 
stone in abundance in the banks of all the streams. 
There is some first rate timber, consisting of white 
and black oak, hickory, lynn, elm, and sugar. 

The NW. qr. 2, E. | 3, SW. qr. 5, SE. qr. 6, 
most of sees. 7 and 8, S. i of 9, N. i 16, N. i 17, 
NE. qr. 18, is rolling good 2d rate prairie ; sec. 1, 
E. i 2, sec. 4, E. i and NW. qr. 5, E. i and NW. 
qr. 14, SW. qr. 25, E. i 26, E. i 28, E. i 33, W. 
i of SW. qr. 34, E. i 36, is broken 2d rate timber 
land ; residue, excepting the bottoms along the river, 
is mostly rolling 2d, and good 2d rate timber land. 

Township 86 — Range 2, W. — Is principally roll- 
ing 2d rate timber land, with but little prairie, which 
is 1st rate ; beautifully situated for farming purpo- 
ses ; the whole well watered. The Makoqueta river 



LANDS IN IOWA. 93 

traverses the southwest part ; it is intersected by- 
several small tributaries. Growth, white, black, 
and bur oak, hickory, lynn, elm, and sugar. 

The W. i and N. ^ of NE. qr. 1, most of 2, 
SW. qr. 4, most of 5, most of 6, W. | of 7, NE. 
qr. 8, N. i 9, N. i of NE. qr. 11, N. ^ and N. i 
of SE. qr. 12, SW. qr. 17, SE. qr. 18, NE. qr. 19, 
NW. qr. 20, SW. qr. 31, is rolling 1st rate prairie ; the 
NE. qr. 10, SW. qr. 21, W. i 28, S. i 29, S. i 30, E. 
i and NW. qr. 31, sees. 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, is mostly 
broken 2d rate timber land ; residue rolling 2d rate 
timber land. 

Township 86 — Range 3, W. — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, having rather more prairie than timber land, 
well situated for cultivation ; timber of an inferior 
quality. The bottoms on the Makoqueta river are 
narrow and sandy. The whole well watered by 
the Makoqueta river, which passes through the town- 
ship from NW. to SE., the average width about 150 
links, rapid current, water sufficient for any quantity 
of machinery. The Makoqueta is intersected by 
numerous small streams of water, but of no impor- 
tance. Limestone in abundance, and of a good 
quality for building. Growth on upland, Vv'hite, black, 
and bur oak, hickory, and hazel ; on the bottoms, 
hackberry, cottonwood, and elm. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, E. i 4, E. ^ 9, sees. 10, 11, 12, W. 
i 13, E. i and NW. qr. 14, NE. qr. 15, S. i 19, 
S. i 20, sec. 21, W. ^ 26, NE. qr. 27, sees. 28, 29, 
30, 31, 32, 33, W. -| 34, E. ^ 35, sec. 36, embrace 
all the prairie land, which is 2d rate ; the S. ^ 7, 
SW. qr. 8, E. i 13, SW. qr. 14, SW. qr. 15, E. ^ 
17, N. i 20, sees. 22, 23, 24, 25, NE. qr. 26, W. i 
27, NE. qr. 34, W. ^ 35, embrace all the 2d rate 
timber land ; residue broken 3d rate timber land. 



94 DESCRIPTION OF 

Township 86 — Range 4, W. — Is nearly all high, 
dry, rolling prairie, 1st rate quality for farming pur- 
poses. The timber land is generally of a good 
quality. The whole tolerably well supplied with 
"water ; there is a large creek passing through the 
N. ^ of the township ; this stream is intersected by 
numerous other small streams, but of little impor- 
tance. Ledges of limestone are abundant. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak, elm, white ash, hickory, 
lynn, ironwood, and butternut ; undergrowth, hazel, 
prickly ash, &c. 

The S. i 12, E. ^ 13, is 1st rate timber land ; 
sees. 1, 2, N. i 11, N. ^ 12, embrace all the timber 
land which is 2d rate ; residue roUing 1st rate 
prairie. 

Township 86 — Range 5, W. — Is about three- 
fourths high, rolling, 1st rate prairie; the SW. 
fourth is broken 2d and 3d rate timber land. This 
township is tolerably well supplied with water. Buf- 
falo creek, a good mill-stream of about 50 links in 
width, passes through the SW. part. This creek is 
intersected by numerous small streams which have 
their sources within this township. The bottoms 
along Buffalo creek are narrow, low, and sandy. 
Limestone is abundant and of a good quality. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak, aspen, and hazel. 

The SW. qr. 18, sec. 19, SW. qr. 20, NW. qr. 
29, sec. 30, NW. qr. 31, embrace all the timber 
land ; the E. i and SW. qr. 29, sees. 32, 33, is 3d 
rate, and embrace all the timber land ; residue roll- 
ing 1st rate prairie. 

Township 86 — Range 6, W. — This township is 
about equally divided into prairie and timber land ; the 
prairie is dry, rolling, good 2d rate ; the timber land 
is broken 2d rate. The whole well watered by the 



LANDS IN IOWA. 9d 

Wapsipinecon river and Buffalo creek. The Wap- 
sipinecon river passes through the SW., and Buffalo 
creek through the NE. parts of the township. Nume- 
rous small streams flowing from pure springs, empty 
themselves into the river and creek. The bottoms 
on the river are narrow, and of 2d rate quality. The 
bluffs high and steep. The bottoms on Buffalo creek 
are small; good 2d rate soil. The river and creek 
have brisk currents, from 3 to 4 miles per hour. 
Growth, black, bur, white, and red oak, lynn, red 
and white elm, aspen, black and white ash. 

The SE. qr. 12, SW. qr. 15, is 1st rate prairie ; sec. 
1, E. i and NW. qr. 2, NE. qr, 3, SW. qr. 4, sees. 5, 
6, N. i 7, sees. 8, 9, SW. qr. 10, NE. qr. and E. i 
NW. qr. 12, SE. qr. 15, sec. 16, E. i 17, NE. qr. 20, 
sees. 21, 22, W. ^ and SE. qr. 23, SW. qr. 24, W. i 
and W. i of E. i 25, E. ^ and NW qr. 26, NE. qr.. 
28, SW. qr. 29, sees. 30, 31, 32, SW. qr. 33, E. i 
and SW. qr. 35, sec. 36, embrace all the prairie, 
which is 2d rate ; the SW. qr. 2, W. ^ and SE. qr.. 
3, E. J 4, S. i 7, E. 1 10, sec. 11, SW. qr. 12, sec. 
13, N. i 14, SW. qr. 17, sees. 18, 19, W. ^of SE. 
qr. 20, E. i and NW. qr. 24, SW. qr. 26, N. ^ 27, 
W. i and SE. qr. 28, E. i and NW. qr. 29, E. i 
and NW. qr. 33, S. i 34, NW. qr. 35, embrace all 
the 2d rate timber land ; residue broken 3d rate 
timber land. 



TOWNSHIP 87. 

Range 1, W. — Is about two-thirds rolling timber 
land, well situated for farming purposes ; in the SW. 
part there is some rolling, 1st rate prairie. The 
whole well watered by White Water creek, and its 



96 DESCRIPTION OF 

tributaries. The N. Fork, or Fall river passes* 
through the SW. part. The noted Falls of eight 
feet perpendicular, is on the SW. qr. of sec. 31. 
The White Water is a rapid stream of pure water, 
with narrow bottoms ; the bluffs on one or the other 
side alternately to the waters' edge. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, hickory and hazel of an in- 
ferior quality. Limestone in abundance throughout 
the township. 

The W qr. 1, S. 1 and NW. qr. 17, sees. 18, 19, 
20, W. f 21, N. I 31, N. 1 32, is rolling 1st rate 
prairie; the NE. qr. 1, most of 2, E. | 3, NE. qr. 
10, NW. i of NW. qr. 11, S. ^ of SW. qr. 16, W. 
^ 28, sec. 29, S. i and E. i of NE. qr. 30, is roll- 
ing 2d rate prairie ; the W. ^ 3, sees. 4, 5, 7, 
8, N. i 9, E. ^ 14, most of 23, is broken 2d rate 
timber land ; residue mostly rolling 2d rate timber 
land. 

Township 87 — Range 2, W. — Is principally high, 
dry, and rolling, equally divided into prairie and 
timber land. The whole well watered by Fall river, 
which passes through the western and southern parts 
of the township. It has narrow bottoms and a brisk 
current. Several small streams of pure water and 
rapid currents discharge themselves into Fall river. 
Growth, white, black, bur, and red oak, hickory, 
lynn, and elm. 

The N. i and E. | of S. i 1, NE. qr. 2, W. f 
of SW. qr. 4, S. i and S. i of NW. qr. 5, sees. 6,^ 
7, 8, NW. qr. 9, NE. qr. and part SE. qr. 12, W. 
i of SW. qr. 16, sec. 17, most of 18, E. ^ 20, 
W. I 21, S. i 26, S. i 27, most of sees. 28 
and 29, E. | 30, N. i of NE. qr. 31, N. ^ and 
SE. qr. 32, sec. 33, W. ^ 34, is mostly rolling 2d 
rate timber land ; residue mostly rolling 1st rat© 



LANDS IN IOWA. 9T 

prairie, except some small groves of plum and crab- 
apple. 

Township 87 — Range 3, W. — Is mostly beauti- 
fully rolling 1st and 2d rate prairie, well situated for 
farming; the whole tolerably well watered. Fall 
river passes through the eastern, the Makoqueta 
river through the SW. part, and Plum creek through 
the NW. There is some good timber in sees. 30, 
31, and 32, of a good quality. Growth, black and 
white oak, black walnut, lynn, and elm. 

The E. i 1, W. f of S. i 7, S. ^ and NE. qr. 
12, E. i and NW. qr. 13, W. i 19, NE. qr. and 
NE. qr. of SE. qr. 24, is rolling 2d rate timber 
land ; the W. | 5, sec. 6, N. i 7, N. ^ of NW. qr. 
8, is broken 2d rate timber land ; the S. f of sec. 
30, sec. 31, W. I 32, is rolling 1st rate timber land ; 
sec. 3, S. i 4, E. i of SE. qr. 7, S. i and NE. qr. 
8, sec. 9, W. i 10, W. ^ 15, N. i 16, N. i 17, most 
of 18, E. i 19, N. i 23, W. i and W. i of SE. qr. 
24, sees. 25 and 36, embrace all the rolling 1st rate 
prairie ; residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 87 — Range 4, W. — Is rolling and dry, 
rather the greatest portion timber land. This town- 
ship is well watered by the Makoqueta river, which 
is intersected by Plum creek from the NE., and 
Limestone creek from the west. The soil is mostly 
black sand, loam, and clay, and in general may be 
termed good 2d rate. The bluiFs along the Mako- 
queta river and other streams are from 100 to 200 
feet in height, of solid limestone. The Makoqueta 
has a gentle current, over a fine sand and gravel 
bottom. Growth, white and black oak, lynn, sugar, 
elm, maple, and cottonwood. There is a narrow 
strip of bottom land, about |- of a mile in width along 
the river. 

9 



98 DESCRIPTION OF 

Most of sees. 1 and 2, E. ^ 3, NW. qr. 4, N. i of 
NE. qr. 5, N. I of SW. qr. 7, E. i 10, W. ^ 

11, sec. 12, W. ^ 15, S. i 16, E. f 17, W. ^ 
20, E. ^ 22, is mostly rolling 2d rate timber land ; 
the W. ^ 3, E. i 4, sec. 9, W. ^ 10, W. ^ 16, 
sees. 24, 25, 26, E. ^ and NW. qr. 35, sec. 36, 
is broken 2d rate timber land ; sees. 13, 14, E. ^ 
15, is rolling 1st rate timber land ; residue rolling 
1st and 2d rate prairie. 

Township 87 — Range 5, W. — Is situated on the 
height of land between the waters of the Wapsi- 
pineeon and Makoqueta rivers ; it is part level 1st 
rate, and rolling 2d rate prairie, wholly destitute of 
timber, except one small grove of black oak tim- 
ber in sec. 12. The soil rather sandy, and the whole 
poorly supplied with water. 

The S. i 8, S. i 11, S. i 12, sec. 16, E. i 17, is 
level 1st rate prairie ; sec. 6, N. i 12, W. ^ 27, 
sees. 28, 29, E. ^ 30, is broken 2d rate prairie ; 
residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 87 — Range 6, W. — Is mostly rolling 
2d and good 2d rate prairie. There is some timber 
along Buffalo creek, which passes through the SW. 
part of the township from NW. to SE. ; its width 
is from 40 to 60 links wide, current sluggish. 

The SW. i of 7, sec. IS, W. i of SW. qr. 17, 
N. ^ 19, is rolling 1st and good 2d rate timber land ; 
E. I of S. i and W. | of NW. qr. 29, NE. i of 
NE. qr. 32, S. ^ and NW. qr. 33, is rolling 2d rate 
timber land; sees. 1, 4, 8, W. ^ 9, E. ^ 11, N. ^ 

12, S. i 13, N. i 14, N. i and SE. qr. 17, W. ^ 
20, S. i 25, S. i 26, W. ^ of SW. qr. 29, see. 30, 
sees. 34, 35, 36, is rolling, good 2d rate prairie ; re- 
sidue rolling 2d rate prairie. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 99 



TOWNSHIP 88. 



Range 1, W. — Is about two-thirds rolling 1st rate 
prairie, beautifully situated on the height of land be- 
tween the waters of the Little Makoqueta and White 
Water creek. The northern and southwestern parts 
are rolling 2d rate timber land. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, hickory, and sugar. This town- 
ship is tolerably well watered by several small 

The N. i and E. ^ of SE. qr. 1, N. i and W. | 
of SE. qr. 2, S. i 3, S. i 4, S. ^ 5, E. i of SE. qr. 
6, NE. qr. and N. i of NW. qr. 8, N. i 9, N. i 
10, NW. qr. 11, SE. qr. 19, S. i 20, SW. qr. 21, E. 
i of NE. qr. and SE. qr. 25, NW. qr. 28, N. | 29, 
W. i and NE. qr. 30, S. f 31, SW. qr. and part 
SE. qr. 32, S. i of SE. qr. 33, NE. qr. 36, is roll- 
ing 2d rate timber land ; E. ^ of SE. qr. 8, N. ^ 
of S. i 9, E. i of SE. qr. 10, embrace all the 
rolling 1st rate timber land ; residue rolling 1st rate 
prairie. 

Township 88 — Range 2, W. — This township may 
be classed with gently rolling good 2d rate ; three- 
fourths of it prairie ; soil is black sand, loam, and 
clay. The whole well watered by several small 
streams, and an abundance of limestone. Growth, 
black, white, and bur oak, crab-apple, plum, hazel, 
sumach, and vines. 

Sec. 1, E. i of SE. qr. 4, NE. qr. 8, N. ^ 9, 
sees. 12, 13, 14, E. ^ 15, SW. qr. 22, sec. 24, N. 
i 25, S. ^ 29, sec. 32, N. | 33, embrace all the 1st 
rate prairie ; NW. qr. 3, N. ^ and SW. qr. 4, sees. 
5, 6, 7, NW. qr. and part SW. qr. 8, SW. qr. 17, 
sec. 18, S. i and NW. qr. 19, W. f 30, SE. qr. 



100 DESCRIPTION OF 

25, sec. 36, SE. qr. 35, W. f 31, is rolling 2d rate 
timber land ; residue mostly 2d rate, part level and 
part rolling prairie. 

Township 88 — Range 3, W. — This township is 
two-thirds broken prairie ; it is somewhat rocky ; 
bluffs from 50 to 100 feet in height of solid hme- 
stone. The ledges of rock make their appearance 
in almost every section. The bottoms on the streams 
are very narrow, from 2 to 40 chains in width ; the 
most of which are in the south part. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, elm, maple, lynn, sugar, hack- 
berry, black walnut, and butternut. The whole 
township throughout has the appearance of having 
once been the bed of a lake or the ocean. Petrified 
shells and some bones are to be found in all the 
ledges. This township is well watered, and has 
some fine springs. 

The W. f 1, sees. 2, 3, 4. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 
NW. qr. 12, N. 1 14, N. ^ 15, W. ^ 17, N. ^ 18, 
N. ^ 21, S. i 26, E. i 33, sec. 34, is rolling 1st 
rate prairie ; E. i 1, SW. qr. 18, S. ^ and NE. qr. 
12, sec. 13, SE. qr. 14, sec. 19, S. | and NE. qr. 
20, NE. i 23, sec. 24, E. | 25, E. qr. 36, is mostly 
rolling 2d rate timber land; sees. 29, 30, 31,32, 
W. qr. 33, is 1st rate timber land ; residue princi- 
pally rolling 2d rate prairie ; the SE. qr. 4, NE. qr. 
9, W. 1 and SE. qr. 10, NW. qr. 16, NE. qr. 17, 
SW. qf. 21, NW. qr. 28, E. \ NE. 35, W. i of 
NW. qr. 36, embrace all the marshes. 

Township 88 — Range 4, W. — Is about one-half 
rolling 2d rate prairie. The timbered part is rather 
hilly and broken ; some delightful farming land. 
The whole well watered. The Makoqueta river 
passes through the southwest part of the township ; 
it has a brisk current, good banks. Several small 



LANDS IN IOWA. 101 

Streams of pure water flow in different directions, 
and numerous springs of good water. There is a 
small lake in sees. 20, 21, and 16. The bluffs along 
the Makoqueta are from 100 to 200 feet in height, 
of solid limestone. Growth on upland, white and 
black oak, and hickory ; on the bottoms, cottonwood, 
elm, maple, hackberry, black walnut, and sugar. 

Sec. 1, E. i and E. i of NW. qr. 2, W. | 9, E. 
f of S. I 11," N. i 12, sec. 13, NE. qr. 14, S. ^ 
17, mosf of 24, W. i of E. i 27, is roUing 2d rate 
timber land ; the NE. qr. and N. i of SE. qr. 8, 
SW. qr. 15, S. i 16, sees. 19, 20, 21, 22, N. i and 
SE. qr. 25, NE. qr. 26, W. | 27, sees. 28, 29, 30, 
N. i 31, sees. 32, 33, 34, W. ^ and SE. qr. 35, 
S. 1 and E. i of NE. qr. 36, is mostly broken 3d 
rate timber land ; residue mostly rolling 1st and 
2d rate prairie. 

Township 88 — Range 5, W. — Is mostly rolling 
2d rate ; the NE. part is well watered and timbered ; 
the SW. part is poor sandy prairie ; soil coarse 
white sand and clay. The bottoms along the Mako- 
queta are from 5 to 40 chains in width, of the richest 
quality of soil. The bluffs are of much less extent 
than those in the last township and range ; the country 
has a more gradual descent towards the river. The 
Makoqueta river has a rapid current over a fine 
sand and gravel bottom. Growth on upland, white, 
black, and bur oak, and hickory ; on the bottoms, 
elm, maple, lynn, butternut, and cottonwood. 

Sec. 1, E. i 2, sees. 6, 7, E. i 11, sec. 12, NE. 
•I 13, SW. qr. 15, N. ^ 16, S. qr. 9, sees. 18, 19, 
E. i 21, sec. 22, SW. i 26, sees. 27, 28, 29, 30, 
31, 32, 33, 34, 35, S. f 36, is mostly rolling good 
2d rate prairie ; the SW. qr. and W. ^ of NW. qr. 
5, W. J- 8, S. i 16, sees. 17, 20, is level 1st rate 
9* 



103 DESCRIPTION OF 

prairie ; residue, except bottoms, mostly broken 2d 
and 3d rate timber land. 

Township 88 — Range 6, W. — This township is 
all one entire open prairie, beautifully rolling and 
good 2d rate soil, and poorly supplied with water. 

Township 88 — Range 7, W. — Is nearly all high, 
rolling good 2d and 1st rate prairie. Buffalo creek 
flows from NW. to SE. through this township ; it 
is a deep sluggish stream, and very crooked, from 
20 to 50 links wide. There is some maple timber 
along the creek, and in the grove. 

Sec. 6, N. i 7, most of 8, S. i and NW. qr. 16, 
NE. qr. 17, E. i 21, SW. qr. 22, NW. qr. and S. 
i 27, NE. qr. 28, N. i of NE. qr. 34, is level 1st 
rate prairie ; W. i 35, S. | of E. i and E. ^ of 
NW. qr. 34, is 1st rate timber land ; residue rolling 
good 2d rate prairie. 



FOURTH DIVISION. 



TOWNSHIP 79. 

Range 1, E. — This township may be considered 
all high, rolling prairie, second and good 2d rate ; 
soil sandy loam. There are but two very small 
groves in this township ; one in the north side of 
sec. 4, consisting of a few crab-apple trees ; the 
other on the line between sees. 29 and 30, consist- 
ing of about 50 white and bur oaks. There is a 
good limestone ledge on the line between sees. 2 
and 3. The whole well situated for farming pur- 
poses, though poorly supplied with water. Allen's 



LANDS IN IOWA. 103 

creek, with its tributaries, pass through the two 
northern tier of sections ; the streams have gentle 
currents, with narrow deep channels. 

The SW. qr. 1, S. i 2, E. ^ 10, N. i 11, NW. 
qr. 12, NW. qr. 14, SW. qr. 17, E. i 19, NW. qr. 
20, SW. qr. 23, W. i 26, SE. qr. 31, SW. qr. 32, 
SE. qr. 34, sec. 35, embrace all the good 2d rate ; 
residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 79 — Range 2, E. — Is mostly high roll- 
ing prairie, well situated for farming ; soil 2d and 
good 2d rate sandy loam. Timber and stone is a 
desideratum ; there are several small groves, amount- 
ing in all to about one section. Hickory Grove 
embraces part of the SE. qr. 8, S. ^ 9, part SW. qr. 
10, north part 16, and NE. part 17, is good 2d rate 
land. There are three other small groves, one be- 
tween sees. 11 and 12 ; one between sees. 2 and 3 ; 
and one between sees. 17 and 20. The north part 
is tolerably well supplied with water. Several small 
streams of good water have their sources within this 
township. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, 
hickory, elm, crab-apple, thorn, and hazel. 

The SW. qr. 2, S. ^ 3, sec. 4, S. i 5, SE. qr. 6, 
sec. 7, W. i and NE. qr. 8, N. i 9, NW. qr. 10, 
SE. qr. 17, SW. qr. 23, sec. 33, embrace all the 
good 2d rate prairie ; residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 79 — Range 3, E. — Is high rolling 
prairie, mostly 2d rate soil ; soil, sandy loam, covered 
with prairie grass, rosin weed, strawberries, &c. ; 
it is rather destitute of water, timber, and stone. 
The streams have narrow deep channels, and gentle 
currents. There is one small grove between sees. 
11 and 12. Growth, white and black oaks. 

The NE. qr. of NE. qr. 10, N. i of NW. qr. 11, 
N. ^ of SE. qr. 18, S. qr. 17, N. i 21, S. ^ 22, S. 



104 DESCRIPTION OF 

I 23, is mostly marshy ; the N. ^ 1, S. ^ 13, sec. 
18, SE. qr. 23, sec. 24, S. i 25, NE. qr. 26, W. i 
30, S. ^ 32, is watered by small streams ; residue 
mostly rolling 2d rate dry prairie. 

Township 79 — Range 4, E. — This township is 
all high rolling 2d and good 2d rate prairie ; the 
soil generally a sandy loam. Between the swells or 
ridges of land, there is generally from 50 to 150 
links of apparently marshy ground, called by the 
settlers slues ; these slues form into a channel in 
about a mile from their head, where a small stream 
is formed. 

Township 79 — Range 5, E. — Fractional. The 
Mississippi river passes from N. to S. on the east 
side of this township. This township is beautifully 
situated for farming ; the west part is undulating ; 
the eastern part near the river is broken. The soil 
is mostly sandy loam, 2d and good 2d rate. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak on the bluffs of the river, 
and of a second quality. The Mississippi river has 
no bottom, (except in sections 1 and 2.) The beach 
dry and gravelly, and affords good landing in many 
places ; the small streams have good water, and 
gentle currents. The town of Farkhurst is beauti- 
fully situated on sec. 35. Just south of said town the 
north part of Antoine Le Clair's Reservation is lo- 
cated in sees. 34 and 35. 

The N. i of NW. qr. 2, N. i of NE. qr. 3, S. ^ 
of SW. qr. 5, SE. qr. of SE. qr. 6, N. i of NW. 
qr. 8, sees. 11, 14, S. | 15, SE. i 16, N. i of NW. 
qr. and NE. qr. 21, N. ^ and SE. qr. 22, sees. 23, 
26, E. i 27, sec. 35, most of E. i 34, embrace all 
the timber land, which is rolling 2d rate ; residue 
rolling good 2d rate prairie. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 105 



TOWNSHIP so. 

Range I, £.— Is mostly high roiling prairie, with 
a deep rich soil, well adapted to cultivation ; and well 
watered by Postain's, Walnut, and Allen's creeks ; 
it also abounds with springs of the purest water, 
from which the creeks receive a never failing sup- 
ply. The Wapsipinecon river cuts off the NE. 
corner. Sandstone is found scattered throughout 
the northern and middle parts of the township. 
Timber in the groves, white, black, and bur oak, 
hickory, maple, elm, walnut, lynn, and cherry. 

The N. part 1, NE. qr. 2, NW. qr. 6, NW. qr. 
and W. i NE. qr. 7, S. i of SE. qr. 12, N. i NE. 
qr. and NW. qr. 13, S. ^ 14, SE. qr. of SE. qr. 15, 
NE. qr. of NE. qr. 22, N. i 23, NW. qr. of NW. 
24, and one small grove between sees. 33 and 34, 
embrace all the timber land, which is good 2d rate ; 
the S. i 1, S. i 2, sees. 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, W. ^ and 
NE. qr. 15, sec. 16, NE. qr. 17, sees. 25, 26, SE. 
qr. 32, SE. qr. 36, embrace all the 2d rate prairie; 
residue rolling 1st rate prairie. 

Township 80 — Range 2, E. — The middle and 
northeast part of this township is level sandy bottom, 
2d rate ; the north and south parts are rolling and 
dry second and good 2d rate ; the timber and prairie 
are nearly in equal portions. The whole well situated 
for farming, and well watered. The Wapsipinecon 
river traverses the northern part ; it has a quick 
current, and is very crooked, and has low sandy 
banks. The small streams have gentle currents and 
good water. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, 
hickory, elm, and maple. 

The NW. qr. 1, S. f 2, SE. qr. and S. i SW. 



106 DESCRIPTION OF 

qr. 3, most of S. ^ 4, E. i 9, sec. 10, NW. ^ 11, 
SW. qr. 15, sees. 16, 17, (south of the river,) W. ^ 
21, embrace all the level 2d rate prairie ; the N. ^ 
and N. i of SW. qr. 3, N. i 4, N. qr. 5, SW. qr. 
6, sec. 7, W. ^ 8, most of 13, sees. 18, 19, 20, N. 
I 21, NW. qr. and S. ^ of SE. qr. 22, sees. 24, 25, 
E. ^ 26, S. i 28, sees. 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 
35, 36, is rolling 2d rate prairie ; residue timber 
land. 

Township 80 — Range 3, E. — Is mostly high roll- 
ing 2d rate prairie, well situated for farming purposes. 
The Wapsipinecon river flows from west to east, 
through the north tier of sections ; it has a quick 
current, and low sandy banks. The bottoms along 
the river are about one and a half miles wide, level 
and sandy, subject to inundation. The small streams 
have good water and gentle currents ; springs of 
good water are scarce. Growth, white and bur 
oak, Cottonwood, elm, hickory, maple, and willow. 

The S. ^ 1, sec. 2, S. fraction 3, sees. 4, 5, 6, 
NW. qr. 7, NW. qr. 9, NE. qr. 11, NW. qr. 12, 
embrace all the level 2d rate timber land ; S. ^ 
27, E. i of SE. qr. 28, E. i of NE. qr. 33, N. i 
34, NW. qr. 35, embrace all the timber land, which 
is rolling 2d rate ; residue mostly 2d rate prairie. 

Township 80 — Range 4, E. — Embraces nearly 
every variety of soil ; much the greatest portion of 
which is prairie. The north part is level sandy 
bottom, 2d rate ; near the river it is subject to inun- 
dation. The south part is rolling and some broken, 
2d and good 2d rate. The whole tolerably well 
watered. The Wapsipinecon river traverses the 
northern part of the township ; it has a rapid cur- 
rent, and low sandy banks. Several small streams 
have their source within this township, but are of 



LANDS IN IOWA. 107 

but little importance. Growth, oak, ash, elm, birch, 
and walnut, of an inferior quality. 

Most of sees. 1 and 2, NE. qr. 4, N. qr. 5, NW. 
^ 6, fractional No. 1 and 2 of sec. 11, is mostly 
level 2d rate timber land ; S. ^ 18, NE. qr. of E. i 
of SE. qr. 19, W. i 20, NW. qr. of NW. qr. 29, 
embraces Walnut Grove, and is mostly rolling 2d 
rate ; S. i 3, N. i 10, SW. qr. of SE. qr. 12, NW. 
qr. of NE. qr. 13, S. ^ of NW. qr. and N. i of 
SW. qr. 14, E. i and N. i of NW. qr. 15, is level 
and marshy land ; most of 4, (south of river,) S. f 
5, SE. i 6, NE. qr. 7, N. f of sees. 8 and 9, 
NE. qr. 16, most of SW. qr. 15, S. ^ 10, S. ^ 
11, sees. 12, 13, 14, 23, 24, is level 2d rate bot- 
tom prairie ; residue rolling, and some broken 2d rate 
prairie. 

Tov^NSHip-80 — Range b,E. — Is fractional ; mostly 
bounded on the east by the Mississippi river. This 
is a beautiful township of land ; mostly high, roUing 
prairie, of a good 2d rate quality. The whole well 
watered. The Wapsipinecon river flows eastwardly, 
nearly centrally through the township ; it has a 
rapid current, low sandy banks ; the small streams 
have gentle currents, and good water. The bottoms 
adjoining the rivers are part prairie and part timber 
land, and subject to inundation. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, elm, maple, birch, sugar, ash, 
lynn, hickory, and ironwood. 

The islands in sees. 12 and 13, 25 and 36, are 
low 2d rate timber land ; sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, 
NE. qr. 9, is roUing, good 2d rate prairie ; W. ^ 7, 
E. qr. 12, most of sec. 13, S. | and S. i of NE. 
qr. 14, S. i 15, S. | 16, fractions No. 1, 2, and 9, 
and S. i of NE. qr. 17, fractions No, 2 and 3 of 
18, N. ^ 24, is level timbered bottom land, 2d rate j: 



108 DJfiSCRIPTION OF 

residue of same sees., also S. | 8, 9, 10, 11, SW. 

qr. and W. ^ of NE. qr. 12, S. ^ 19, N. i 20, N. 
i 21, N. i 22, N. i and SE. qr. 23, S. ^ 24, frac 
tions No. 1, 2, 3, and NW. qr. of NW. qr. 25, E. 
^ 26, mostly level 2d rate prairie ; N. ^ 19, S. ^ 
20, S. i 21, S. i 22, SW. qr. 23, W. ^ 26, most 
of 27, NE. qr. and N. i of NW. qr. 28, most of 
sec. 35, embrace all the level 1st rate prairie ; the 
SE. qr. and E. i of NW. qr. 34, N. i of SE. qr. 
and S. I of NW. qr. 28, N. i 29, is broken 2d 
rate timber land ; residue broken 2d rate prairie. 

Township 80— Range 6, E. — Fractional. Em^ 
bracing only about two sections ; handsomely situa- 
ted on the NW. bank of the Mississippi river ; it is 
mosty level alluvial bottoms, subject to inundation. 
Growth, white and black oak, elm, ash, maple, Cot- 
tonwood, hackberry, and willow. 

The W. i of NW. qr. 6, is dry, rolling 1st rate 
prairie ; the E. ^ of NW. qr. 6, is part rolling, and 
part level 1st rate timber land; residue level 2d 
rate timber land. 



TOWNSHIP 81. 

Range 1, E. — Is generally good soil ; the greatest 
portion of which is prairie ; the whole delightfully 
situated for farms ; the whole well watered. The 
Wapsipinecon river traverses this township from 
north to south, through the eastern side. The river 
is intersected by Yankee Run and Postain^s creek 
from the west, and two creeks from the east. 
Growth on the upland, white, black, and bur oak, 
hickory, ash, and lynn ; on the bottoms, elm, locust, 
sugar, maple, birch, sycamore, cottonwood, and 



LANDS IN IOWA. 109 

willow. Limestone is to be found in the banks of 
the streams. 

Sec. 1, SE. qr. 11, sees. 12, 13, NE. i 14, NW. 
qr. 18, S. i of SW. qr. and S. i of SE. qr. 19, S. 
i of SE. qr. 20, S. i of S. i 21, E. ^ and E. i 
NW. qr. 25, sec. 26, W. i of NW. qr. 27, W. i 
and NE. qr. 28, sees. 29, 30, 31, NW. qr. 32, N. 
^ 35, E. ^ 36, embrace principally all the timber 
land, which is 2d rate ; the SW. qr. 2, SW. qr. 4, 
S. i 5, SE. qr. 6, sees. 7, 8, W. i 9, W. i 16, sec. 
17, E. i 18, N. ^ 19, NW. qr. 20, NE. qr. 21, E. 
fraction 23, SW. qr. 24, SW. qr. 25, NW. qr. 36, 
embrace all the 1st rate prairie ; residue both rolling 
and level 2d rate prairie. Some few settlements have 
been made in this township. 

Township 81 — Range 2, E. — Is mostly dry, roll- 
ing 2d rate prairie. The NW. part is interspersed 
with small ponds and marshes. There is but little 
timber in this township, all of which is in the west 
and southwest part ; and but poorly supplied with 
water. The streams are small and sluggish, and 
have their source in the marshes. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, and hickory. 

Most of SE. qr. 7, SW. qr. 8, part of sees. 9 and 
10, S. qr. 18, N. qr. 19, W. i of NW. qr. 20, SE. 
qr. 23, SW. qr. 24, N. i of NW. qr. 26, N. i of 
NE. qr. 27, S. qr. 29, NW. qr. and N. ^ of NE. 
qr. 32, is level and marshy ; the W. i 7, W. ^ 18, 
W. i of NW. qr. and SW. qr. 30, S. i and NW. 
qr. 31, embrace all the timber land, which is rolling 
2d rate ; residue rolling 2d and good 2d rate prairie. 

Township 81 — Range 3, E. — Is mostly dry roll- 
ing 2d and good 2d rate, principally prairie. The 
Wapsipinecon bottoms lie in the southeast part of 
the township ; it is sandy and in some places wet. 
10 



110 DESCRIPTION OF 

The timber is principally along the streams in tlie 
east part of the township, and of middling quality. 
The streams are small, and have gentle currents. 
Growth, white, black, and bur oak, and hickory. 

The W. ^ of SW. qr. 1, E. | 2, most of NE. qr. 
11, NW. qr. and SE. qr. and S. ^ of NE. qr. and 
E. i of SW. qr. 12, W. i NE. qr., E. ^ of 
NW. qr., SW. qr., and W. ^ of SE. qr. 13, S. i 
14, N. i of S. i 15, E. i 23, W. ^ 24, E. i 25,. 
NE. qr. and S. | of SW. qr. 32, mostly rolling 2d 
and good 2d rate timber land ; the SW. qr. 25, S. i 
26, SE. qr. 32, most of 33, sees. 34, 35, 36, is level 
2d rate bottom prairie ; residue rolling 2d and good 2d 
rate prairie. 

Township 81 — Range 4, E. — Is mostly dry, roll- 
ing prairie, well situated for farming purposes ; soil 
2d and good 2d rate ; tolerably well watered. The 
Wapsipinecon river traverses eastwardly along the 
south boundary ; it has a brisk current, low sandy 
banks ; several small streams with gentle currents. 
The Wapsipinecon bottom is about three-fourths of 
a mile wide, sandy and subject to inundation. The 
principal timber is in the south part near the river, 
and in Round Grove, in sections 8, 9, 16, and 17, 
containing about half a section. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, lynn, elm, and hickory. 

The W. i of SW. qr. 7, S. i of SE. qr. 8, S. | 
of SW. qr. 9, N. f of NW. qr. 16, NE. qr. of NE. 
qr. 17, part of SE. qr. 20, SW. qr. 21, SE. qr. and 
W. i of 28, E. f and SW. qr. of SW. qr. 29, S. i 
of SE. qr. and SW. qr. 30, NW. qr. of NW. qr. 
and NE. qr. of NE. qr. 31, N. ^ of NE. qr. 33, N. 
f of NW. qr. and NE. qr. 34, NW. qr. and NW. 
qr. of NE. qr. 35, SE. qr. 36, embrace all the 
timber land, which is 2d and good 2d rate ; the 



LANDS IN IOWA. Ill 

S. i 34, S. i and NE. qr. 35, W. ^ 36, is level 
bottom land ; residue rolling 2d and good 2d rate 
prairie. 

Township 81 — Range 5, E. — Is mostly dry, roll- 
ing 2d and good 2d rate prairie, excepting a small 
strip on the creek in the west part of the township, 
which is level and wet, and in some places marshy. 
There is but very little timber ; the whole tolerably 
well supplied with water ; several small creeks 
traverse this township. Growth, white, black, and 
bur oak, and hickory. The road from Davenport 
to Du Buque passes through the western part, nearly 
parallel with the creek. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, N. i of SW. qr. and W. i of SE. 
qr. 4, N. i 6, SE. qr. 9, N. ^ 10, N. i 11, N. ^ 

12, W. 1 18, W. i 19, E. i 21, W .i 22, W. i 
26, E. i 27, E. i 29, SE. qr. 33, sec. 34, W. i 35, 
is rolling 2d rate prairie ; the S. ^ 6, N. ^ and N. ^ 
of SE. qr. 7, NW. qr. and N. i of SW. qr. 8, S. i 
10„S. i 11, S. i 12, sec. 13, E. i 14, W. ^ 15, E. 
i 16, W. i 21, sees. 24 and 25, E. i 26, W, ^ 27, 
isec. 28, S. i of SE. qr. 31, sec. 32, N. i and SW. 
qr. 33, E. ^ 35, sec. 36, is rolling good 2d rate prairie ; 
the E. ^ of NE. qr. 30, and a small portion adjoin- 
ing in sees. 19, 20, and 29, is timber land ; residue 
level, and some wet 2d rate prairie. 

Township 81 — Range 6, E. — Fractional. Is 
bounded on the SE. by the Mississippi river, in which 
is part of Big Beaver Island, occupying part of sees. 

13, 23, 24, 25, and 26. Soil 1st rate alluvial bottom, 
subject to inundation, and covered with a heavy 
growth of Cottonwood, maple, and willow. There 
is considerable alluvial bottom land along the river ; 
^oil sandy 2d and good 2d rate. The adjacent lands 
are high, rolling, and broken 2d rate prairie. Mill 



112 DESCRIPTION OF 

creek and its tributaries traverse centrally through 
the township ; and Spring creek through the SW. 
part. These streams have brisk currents, and good 
water. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, 
elm, walnut, hackberry, black locust, and ash. The 
town of Camanche is situated on the river in sees. 
27, 28, 33, and 34 ; it is handsomely situated on a 
high piece of ground, and affords a good landing for 
steamboats. There is a saw-mill in operation on the 
SE. qr. of sec. 15. 

The NW. i 1, N. i and N. i of SE. qr. 2, N. i 
and SW. qr. 3, E. i 4, W. i 5, sees. 6, 7, W. f 8, 
NE. qr. 9, W. i and SE. qr. 10, sees. 17, 18, 19, 
20, NW. ^ 21, embrace all the rolling 2d rate 
prairie ; the W. i 4, E. i 5, W. ^ 13, S. i of NE. 
qr. 14, sec. 30, W. | 31, is rolling good 2d rate ; 
the SE. i 1, SW. qr. and S. i of SE. qr. 2, SE. 
qr. 3, NE. qr. 10, sec. 11, NW. qr. 12, broken 2d 
rate timber land ; the SW. i 9, a grove extending 
a little into sees. 8 and 16, SW. qr. and W. ^ SE. 
qr. 14, E. | of SE. qr. 15, SE. qr. of NE. qr. 20, 
SW. qr. of NW. qr. 21, SE. qr. 31, S. i and S. ^ 
of NE. qr. 32, W. i 33, and Swan Island, is roll- 
ing 2d rate timber land ; sees. 23 and 26, level and 
wet timber land ; residue level 2d rate prairie. 

Township 81 — Range 7, E. — Fractional. Em- 
bracing about 3 sections. It is bounded on the east 
by the Mississippi river, and is about half timber 
land, and level, dry, good 2d rate bottom. Big 
Beaver Island is dry, well timbered, and suitable for 
cultivation. Little Rock and one other small island 
lies in front of this township. They are surveyed, 
and have good soil, and well timbered. Growth, 
black oak, white ash, black locust, elm, maple, green 
briers, and grape-vines. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 113 

Fractional lots No. 3 and 4 of sec. 6, fractional 
lots No. 1 and 2 of sec. 7, is level 2d rate timber 
land ; residue of sees. 6 and 7, and fractional lots 
No. 1 and 2 of 18, is rolling good 2d rate prairie ; 
residue consists of the islands before described. The 
village of New- York is located on the north half of 
sec. 7 ; it has a pleasant situation, and an excellent 
steamboat landing. 



TOWNSHIP 82. 

Range 1, E. — Will command a good settlement, 
especially on the Wapsipinecon river, which enters 
the township in the SW. qr. sec. 7, thence meander- 
ing southeasterly, leaves the township in the SE. qr. 
sec. 35. This river is skirted with good timber, 
black and bur oak, lynn, birch, and cotton wood. 
The adjoining prairie is of good soil, and delightfully 
situated for farming purposes. Mill privileges may 
be had on the river in many places. 

The N. i of NW. qr. 1, N. qr. 2, is level, wet, 
3d rate ; most of 1, N. ^ 24, broken 3d rate prairie ; 
the S. I 2, W. f 11, W. i 14, most of 23, SW. qr. 
24, most of 25, is level 3d rate prairie ; the SW. qr. 
7, SW. i 16, most of sees. 17, 18, and 21, most of 
NW. qr. and SE. qr. 27, S. qr. 26, NE. qr. 35, is 
2d rate timber land, and bordering the Wapsipine- 
con river ; residue mostly broken 2d rate prairie. 
The large island in sec. 18, is subject to overflow. 
The town of Sanbornton is situated on the NE. qr. 
of sec. 34. 

Township 82 — Range 2, E. — Is principally broken 
and wet prairie intermixed ; soil poor and sandy, 
which renders it of but little value for farming pur- 
10* 



114 DESCRIPTION OF 

poses. All the south part is little else than ponds 
and sand hills. The NE. corner is hilly barrens 
covered with a few bur and black oak trees, which 
embraces all the timber in the township. There are 
two remarkable sand hills in sees. 26 and 28, com- 
posed entirely of yellow sand ; they appear now to 
be fast washing away. 

Township 82 — Range 3, E. — Is principally high 
and rolling prairie ; the east side is in general good 
2d rate praiiie ; the NW. part is broken and hilly 
barrens of poor 3d rate quality. In the aggregate 
this may be considered a township of 2d rate land, 
tolerably well supplied with water. Some stone, 
though of an inferior quality. Growth, white, black, 
bur, and Spanish oak, hickory, walnut, cherry, aspen, 
plum, crab-apple, and hazel. 

The SE. qr. 10, SW. qr. 11, sees. 13, 14, E. i 
15, NE. qr. 22, SW. qr. 23, NE. qr. 24, S. ^ 25, 
SE. qr. 26, SW. qr. 27, S. ^ 28, sees. 32, 33, 34, 
SE. qr. 36, embrace all the good 2d rate prairie ; 
the S. i 22, W. i 26, E. ^ and NW. qr. 27, and 
part S, ^ of 35, embrace all the 2d rate timber land ; 
residue broken 2d and 3d rate prairie and timber 
land. 

Township 82 — Range 4, E. — Is principally high 
rolling prairie ; embracing the highlands between 
the Wapsipinecon and Makoqueta rivers. The south- 
western part is good land, but destitute of timber. 
The barrens timbered with a small growth of bur 
and black oak, which is of but little value except 
for fuel. The whole poorly supplied with water. 

S. I 1, S. i 2, S. i of SW. qr. 3, most of E. ^ 
of SE. qr. 7, SW. qr. of SW. qr. 8, S. qr. 9, S. ^ 
and E. | of N. i 10, sees. 11, 12, N. | 13, N. ^ 
and SW. qr. 14, sec. 15, E. i and N. | of W. ^ 



LANDS IN IOWA. 115 

16, NE. qr. and part of NW. qr. 17, E. | of NE. 
qr. 21, NW. qr. and N. i of NE. qr. 22, E. qr. 24, 
grove in NW. qr. 36, embrace all the timber land, 
which is poor and hilly ; the NW. qr. 1, N. | 2, 
W. ^ and N. part of E. ^ 3, sees. 4, 5, 6, most of 
8, N. f 9, W,i of NW. qr. 10, S. i of SW. qr. 
13, SE. qr. 14, S. i of SW. qr. 16, sec. 23, W. f 
24, sees. 25, 26, S. i 27, N. i 34, E. i and NW. 
qr. 35, W. ^ 36, is poor hilly prairie ; residue roll- 
ing 2d and good 2d rate prairie. 

Township 82 — Range 5, E. — Contains some very 
good land east of the swamp, along the Rock Island 
Road. West of the swamp it is hilly barrens ; the 
soil poor, and the timber generally of an inferior 
quality. The valley in which the swamp is situated, 
is too level to admit of the swamp being drained. 
This township is nearly destitute of water. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak, hickory, and hazel. 

E. I 1, W. i 5, sees. 7, 8, W. i of SW. qr. 9, 
E. qr. 12, E. i 13, W. i and W. i of SE. qr. 16, 
sees. 17, 18, 19, 20, W. ^ 21, W. i 28, sec. 29, 
E. i and N. i of NW. qr. 30, N. i 32, NW. qr. 
33, is poor hilly timber land ; the W f 4, E. } 5, 
E. i and N. i of NW. qr. 9, W. i of SW. qr. 10, 
S. i of SE. qr. 11, W. i of NE. qr. and E. i of 
NW. qr. 14, W. i 15, E. qr. 16, E. qr. 21, E. qr. 
28, W. qr. 22, W. qr. 27, S. qr. 26, S. i and NE. 
qr. 33, N. ^ 35, is level marshy land ; the W. ^ 3, 
E. qr. 4, E. I of S. i 10, S. i 13, S. i 14, E. ^ 15, 
S. i 23, sees. 24, 25, N. i 26, S. i 34, S. i 35, 
sec. 36, embrace all the rolling 2d rate prairie ; E. 
f 22, N. 1 23, E. f 27, E. f of N. ^ 34, embrace all 
the level 2d rate prairie ; residue poor hilly prairie. 

Township 82 — Range 6, E. — May be termed a 
body of 2d rate prairie, with the exception of the 



116 DESCRIPTION OP 

barrens, which is covered with a light growth of worth- 
less timber, bur and black oak, and hickory. This 
township is tolerably well supplied with water. Mill 
creek and several other small streams have their 
sources within it, but contain no mill-sites. 

The W. i 1, S. i of NW. qr. 2, sec. 3, SE. qr. 
4, SW. qr. and W. i NW. qr. 5, sec. 6, NW. qr 
and E. i of SW. qr. and W. i of SE. qr. 7, E. i 
and NW. qr. 10, sec. 11, W. i 12, NW. qr. 14, 
W. i 19, NW. qr. and NE. i of SW. qr. 21, S. ^ 
23, S. i 24, sec. 25, E. i 26, W. i and W. ^ of 
SE. qr. 30, sec. 31, S. f 32, W. | and SW. qr. 33, 
E. ^ 35, sec. 36, embrace all the rolling 2d rate 
prairie ; the NE. qr. 2, NW. qr. 13, S. ^ of NE. 
qr. 14, sec. 15, E. | 18, E. | 22, N. i 23, N. i 24, 
W. i 26, N. i SE. qr. 27, E. i 34, NW. qr. 35, is 
hilly 2d and 3d rate prairie ; residue mostly hilly 2d 
and 3d rate barrens. 

Township 82 — Range 7, E. — Fractional. Em- 
bracing about nine sections ; it is bounded on the 
east by the Mississippi river. This township is well 
situated for farming ; the river bottoms are very rich, 
but subject to inundation. Growth, white, black, 
and bur oak, hickory, cottonwood, and maple. The 
town of Lyons is located on the west bank of the 
Mississippi in sees. 29, 30, 31, and 32 ; it has an 
excellent steamboat landing and a good ferry. 

Sec. 5, E. qr. 6, E. qr. 7, NW. i of 8, is level 
bottom prairie, 1st rate soil ; S. ^ of SW. qr. 18, 
W. I of N. i and SE. qr. 19, W. f 31, is hilly 2d 
rate prairie ; SE. ^ 8, sec. 17, is level 1st rate bot- 
tom, well timbered, but overflows ; the S. ^ 29, SE. 
qr. 30, NE. qr. and E. ^ SE. qr. 31, fraction 32, 
level good 2d rate timber land ; residue hilly timber 
land. 



vANDS IN IOWA. 117 



TOWNSHIP 83. 

Range 1, E. — Is high roUing land, nearly equally 
divided into timber ; it is situated on the height of 
land between the waters of the Makoqueta and Wap- 
sipinecon rivers. The north half is mostly hilly or 
broken 2d and 3d rate, with scattering timber. The 
south half is prairie, some of which is level 1st rate, 
but the most of it rather of an inferior quality of 
soil. The whole poorly supplied with water. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak, and hickory. 

The N. qr. 1, S. | 13, S. qr. 15, S. qr. 16, S. qr. 
17, S. qr. IS, N. ^ 19, N. ^ 20, N. ^ 21, E. i 23, 
sec. 24, N. i 25, N. i 26, is broken 2d rate prairie ; 
the W. i 27, E. ^ 28, E. | 32, sec. 33, W. i 34, 
embrace all the level 1st rate prairie ; the S. \ 35, 
SW. qr. 36, is marsh ; the W. i 28, E. i and SW. 
qr. 29, W. i 32, is level 2d rate prairie ; the S. i 
19, S. i 20, W. i 22, S. i 26, sec. 30, NE. qr. 35", 
N. i 36, is rolling 2d rate prairie; the S. \ 14, NE. 
qr. 22, NW. qr. 23, hilly 3d rate prairie ; residue 
broken 2d and 3d rate timber land. 

Township 83 — Range 2, E. — Is very broken and 
hilly, principally prairie, situated on the height of 
land between the Wapsipinecon and Makoqueta 
rivers. There is but a small portion of this town- 
ship good land, the greatest portion being too hilly 
and broken for cultivation. The timber is of no 
value except for fuel. The north part is tolerably 
well watered, and the south part entirely destitute 
of water. There are several ledges of rock, prin- 
cipally sand. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, 
and hickory ; undergrowth, hazel. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, SE. qr, 4, E. ^ 10, S. i 14, em- 



118 DESCRIPTION OF 

brace all the good 2d rate prairie ; sees. 11, 12, 13, 
N. i 14, sees. 15, 21, N. ^ 22, E. i 23, N. i 24, 
SE. qr. 36, is 2d rate prairie ; residue broken 3d rate 
prairie and timber land. 

Township 83 — Range 3, E. — Is principally all 
high rolling 2d rate prairie ; the whole well situated 
for cultivation, but nearly destitute of timber, and 
but poorly supplied with water. Several small 
streams have their sources within this township ; 
there is a good spring in the SW. qr. sec. 17, and a 
pond in the NE. qr. 31. The SW. and NE. parts 
of the township are hilly and broken barrens. Some 
few scrubby oak trees are scattered over the hills. 
Limestone in abundance throughout the township. 

The E. qr. 1, NW. qr. 4, S. i of SW. qr. 13, 
W. i of SW. qr. 19, E. ^ 30, S. i of SE. qr. 31, 
S. qr. 32, S. qr. 33, is broken 3d rate timber land ; 
the W. I 1, sees. 2, 3, S. i and NE. qr. 4, sees. 5 
and 6, NE. qr. 9, most of 10, sees. 11, 12, E. i 
and NW. qr. 13, N. i 14, NE. qr. 15, S. i of SW. 
qr. 17, SE. qr. 18, E. i and SW. qr. 19, sec. 20, 
W. I 21, W. i 28, W. i and NE. qr. 29, W. | 
30, is poor broken prairie ; residue 2d and good 2d 
rate rolling prairie. 

Township 83 — Range 4, E. — This township is 
mostly hilly and broken prairie, with some few groves 
of timber scattered over the township ; the whole 
tolerably well supplied with water. Numerous small 
streams flow in different directions through this 
township. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, and 
hickory. 

The NW. qr. 1, N.|of NE. qr. 3, N. i of NW. 
qr. 4, N. i 5, W. I and NE. qr. 6, SE. qr. 11, SW. 
qr. and S. i of SE. qr. 12, NW. qr. 13, NE. qr. 
and SW. qr. 14, E. i of SE. qr. 15, N. i of NW. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 119 

qr. 22, N. i of SW. qr. 25, NE. qr. of SE. qr. 26, 
groves in SW. qr. 2, on S. ^ of line between sees. 
9 and 10, on E. ^ of line between sees. 10 and 15, 
on S. ^ of line between sees. 17 and 18, on NW. 
qr. 21, at corner of sees. 27, 28, 33, and 34, and 
on SE. qr. 29, embrace all the timber land, which 
is poor and hilly ; part of sees. 26, 35, and 36, is 
rolling good 2d rate prairie ; residue hilly barren 
prairie. 

Township 83 — Range 5, E. — May be termed a 
2d rate township of land ; the east part of the 
township is almost too hilly for farming purposes, 
although the soil is good. The west part contains 
a large body of level 1st rate prairie in the vicinity 
of Deep creek and the lake. Timber scarce through- 
out the township. Deep creek is a sluggish stream, 
of no value for propelling machinery. 

The E, i 1, W. i 2, E. i 3, NE. qr. 10, NW, 
qr. 11, S. qr. of 23, S. qr. 24, sec. 25, NE. qr. 26, 
E. qr. 33, W. qr. 34, E. ^ of NE. qr. 35, N. ^ 36, 
is rolling 2d rate prairie ; the W. ^ 1, E. ^ 2, is 
rolling 1st rate prairie ; the W. | and S. ^ of SE. 
qr. 5, E. i 6, NE. qr. and E. ^ of SE. qr. 7, sec. 
8, W. i of SW. qr. 9, W. ^ 16, sec. 17, E. qr. 18, 
E. i of NE. qr. 19, N i 20, W. ^ 21, embrace all 
the level 1st rate prairie ; E. i SE. qr. 9, SW. qr. 
and S. i SE. qr. 10, part of SW. qr. 11, NW. qr. 
14, NE. qr. 15, S. ^ of SW. qr. and part of SE. qr. 
31, SE. qr. 35, S. ^ 36, hilly 2d rate timber land ; 
residue hilly 2d rate prairie. 

Township 83 — Raiige 6, E. — Comprises a body 
of first rate farming land, though principally prairie. 
The NE. and SW. parts have a young growth of 
timber, which is as yet only fit for fire wood ; the 
whole well watered. Elk creek and its tributaries 



120 DESCRIPTION OF 

meander through this township. The streams ap- 
pear to be mostly supplied from springs ; they are 
generally very crooked, and have cut deep channels 
in the prairie. Yellow sandstone is to be found in 
some of the hills, and fossil limestone in others on 
the east side of the township. Bog iron ore has 
been found on the SW. qr. 34, and brown hamelite, 
or hyd. br. oxide of iron, has been found on the NE. 
qr. 9, and NE. qr. 29. Growth, young oak and 
hickory. 

The NW. qr. 1, N. ^ 2, most of sec. 3, E. i 4, 
E. i 9, most of 10, SW. qr. 11, W. ^ and S. i of 
SE. qr. 13, W. I 16, N. ^ 33, NW. qr. 34, is roll- 
ing 2d rate prairie ; the S. ^ and S. ^ of NE. qr. 
1, S. i 2, N. i and N. i of SE. qr. 11, N. | 12, E. 
i of NE. qr. and N. i of SE. qr. 13, W. | of 15, 
E. qr. 16, SE. i of SE. qr. 25, SE. qr. 32, S. ^ 33, 
is rolling 2d rate timber land ; the S. ^ 31, SW. qr. 
32, E. i 36, is hilly 2d rate timber land ; the S. ^ 
of SE. qr. 11, S. i of SW: qr. 12, S. qr. 29, S. qr. 
30, N. ^ 31, is hilly 2d rate prairie ; residue mostly 
roUing 1st rate prairie. There is a saw-mill in the 
NW. qr. 11. 

Township 83 — Range 7, E. — Fractional. Em- 
bracing about 12 sections. It is bounded on the east 
by the Mississippi river ; and may be considered a 
township of 2d rate land. The south part is mostly 
good prairie ; the north part is hilly, and thinly 
timbered with white and bur oak and hickory ; the 
whole well watered. Elk creek, a dull sluggish 
stream, enters the Mississippi river in sec. 20. The 
bottom prairie at the south end of the township, is 
called by the inhabitants, " Pomme de Terre prairie," 
(Potatoe prairie.) The large island opposite this 
township, is covered with a heavy growth of maple. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 121 

elm, Cottonwood, hickory, red and bur oak. It 
is subject to inundation at almost every freshet, as 
well as the bottoms on the Mississippi. 

Sees. 5, 6, 7, 8, most of sees. 17 and 18, N. i of 
NE. qr. 19, is hilly, thinly timbered land ; the NW. 
qr. 19, SW. qr. 20, sec. 29, E. ^ 30, E. i 31, sec. 
32, is level 1st rate prairie ; the S. ^ of SW. qr. 30, 
W. ^ 31, is rolhng 2d rate timber land. 



TOWNSHIP 84. 

Range 1, E. — Is high and rolling, equally divided 
into prairie and timber land, of a good 2d rate quali- 
ty ; the whole well watered. The Makoqueta river 
passes through the NE. part of the township ; it is 
a beautiful stream, two chains wide. Bear creek, a 
beautiful mill-stream, passes through the SE. part ; 
it is intersected by numerous small spring branches 
of good pure water. Good limestone, suitable for 
building, is in great abundance in all the bluffs bor- 
dering the streams. Timber of a good quality, and 
abundant on the SW. side of the Makoqueta river, 
in the NE. part of the township. Growth on up- 
land, white, black, and bur oak, ash, hickory, lynn, 
sugar, hazel, sumach, and prickly ash ; on the bot- 
toms, bur oak, walnut, sugar, elm, Cottonwood, and 
aspen. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, E. | 4, W. ^ and SE. qr. 6, sees. 
7, 8, N. i 10, sees. 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, E. ^ and 
SW. qr. 20, NW. qr. 21, W. i 27, sees. 28, 29, 30, 
E. i and NW. qr. 31, sees. 32, 33, W. i 34, em- 
brace all the timber land, which is 2d rate ; the SE. 
qr. 9, NE. qr. 20, NW. qr. 21, E. i 23, sec, 24, 
NW. qr. 25, N. i 26, embrace all the 1st rate 
11 



122 DESCRIPTION OF 

prairie ; residue good 2d rate prairie. Some few 
settlements made along the river. 

Township 84 — Range 2, E. — Is beautifully roll- 
ing, well situated for farming purposes, being well 
watered and timbered. South of the Makoqueta 
river is principally rolling 1st rate prairie, border- 
ing some fine timber land on the river. North of 
the river is as good timber land as can be found in 
any country. The Makoqueta river passes from west 
to east through this township ; on each side of the 
river is high rocky bluffs from 30 to 60 feet in per- 
pendicular height. Fall river or North Fork of Ma- 
koqueta passes through the NE., and Prairie creek, 
a good mill-stream, passes through the SE. parts of 
the township. Numerous springs are found in va- 
rious parts of the township. Limestone in abun- 
dance is found in all the bluffs of the streams. 
Growth on upland, white, black, and bur oak, hick- 
ory, lynn, and ironwood ; on the bottoms and 1st 
rate land, elm, ash, cottonwood, hackberry, sugar, 
walnut, and butternut. In the NW. qr. of sec. 6, 
there is a natural bridge of solid rock, 40 feet span ; 
also a remarkable cave, which has as yet been only 
the habitation of wild beasts. 

The SW. qr. 1, S. i 2, S. A 3, S. i 4, S. i 5, N, 
I 8, E. i 10, sec. 11, NW. qr. 12, SW. qr. 13, E. 
^ 14, NW. qr. 15, SE. qr. 18, SW. qr. 21, embrace 
all the 1st rate timber land ; sec. 19, SW. qr. 20, 
SW. qr. 24, sees. 25, 26, S. ^ 27, S. ^ and NW. 
qr. 28, sec. 29, E. ^ 30, NE. qr. 32, sees. 34, 35,. 
NW. qr. 36, embrace all the 1st rate prairie ; re- 
sidue rolling 2d rate timber land, with some broken 
3d rate. 

Township 84 — Range 3, E. — Is rolling, and well 
situated for farming purposes, being well watered 



LANDS IN IOWA. 123 

and timbered. The Makoqueta river passes from 
west to east through the centre. The north part is 
timbered with jack, bur, white, and post oak, elm, 
Cottonwood, &c. The south part is roUing good 
prairie. There is a good mill-seat on the SW. qr. 
of sec. 30. 

The N. i of NW. qr. 4, N. i 5, SE. qr. of NE. 
qr. and NE. qr. of SE. qr. 20, sec. 21, W. ^ of 
NW. qr. 22, S. i 25, sees. 26, 27, 28, S. i 29, NE. 
qr. 32, N. ^ and SE. qr. 33, sees. 34, 35, 36, em- 
brace all the rolling 2d rate prairie ; the S. | 18, 
sec. 19, W. i of NW. qr. 20, S. i and NW. qr 30, 
sec. 31, S. I and NW. qr. 32, embrace all the roll- 
ing 1st rate prairie; the SW. qr. and S. ^ of SE. 
qr. 22, S. ^ 33, W. i of SW. qr. 24, NW. qr. 25, 
is broken 3d rate prairie, some stony ; residue mostly 
rolling 2d rate timber land. 

Township 84 — Range 4, E. — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, having equal portions of prairie and timber 
land, beautifully situated for cultivation ; the whole 
well watered. The Makoqueta river passes through 
the north part of the township ; it is a handsome 
stream about 3 chains in width, and hemmed in by lofty 
precipices of limestone. Numerous small streams 
pass in various directions through the township, and 
good springs are frequent. Growth on upland, white, 
black, and bur oak, hickory, and hazel ; on the hot. 
toms, box, elder, maple, lynn, elm, and cotton wood. 

The S. i 1, S. i 2, SW. qr. 4, NW. qr. 9, N. i 
11, SW. qr. 29, E. i 31, NW. qr. 32, SE. qr. 34, 
embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; the E. ^ 4, S. 
i 9, NE. qr. 10, SE. qr. 23, SW. qr. 24, sees. 25, 
26, SE. qr. 27, SW. qr. 34, sees. 35 and 36, em- 
brace all the 1st rate prairie ; the N. ^ 1, N. ^ 2, 
sees. 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, SW. qr. 9, E. | 11, sees. 12, 13, 



124 DESCRIPTION OF 

NE. qr. 14, N. i 17, sec. 18, W. A and SE. qr. 19, 
S. i 20, SW. qr. 28, E. ^ and NW. qr. 29, N. i 
30, E. i of SW. qr. 32, sec. 33, NW. qr. 34, em- 
brace all the timber land which is 2d rate ; residue 
rolling 2d and 3d rate prairie. 

Township 84 — Range 5, E. — Is handsomely ele- 
vated, and is of a pleasantly undulating surface ; 
consisting of large prairies, well skirted with wood- 
land, and is well adapted to cultivation ; the whole 
well watered by the Makoqueta river, which passes 
through the NW. corner of the township, and Deep 
creek from S. to N. through the SW. part. Several 
other small streams pass from east to west through 
the township, but are of no value for propelling 
machinery. Limestone in abundance, suitable for 
building, is found in the NW. part of the township. 
Growth on upland, white, black, and bur oak, and 
hickory ; on the bottoms, elm, aspen, and cotton- 
wood. 

The W. i 3, SW. fractional qr. 5, SE. qr. 6, N. 
i 7, NE. qr. 8, SE. qr. 18, embrace all the 1st 
rate timber land ; the NE. qr. 1, NE. qr. 3, S. i 4, 
SE. qr. 5, W. i and NE. qr. 6, SE. qr. 8, W. i 
and NE. qr. 9, E. i and SW. qr. 12, N. i 13, W. 
i and NE. qr. 17, N. i and SW. qr. 18, E. i 19, 
W. i 20, small grove between 22 and 23, about 80 
acres, W. ^ and NE. qr. 30, embrace all the timber 
land which is 2d rate ; the SW. qr. 1, S. i 2, SE. 
qr. 3, N. i 4, NE. qr. 5, N. i 10, N. ^ 11, NW. 
qr. 12, SW. qr. 14, S. ^ 15, SE. qr. 20, S. i 21, 
sec. 22, SE. qr. 23, SW. qr. 24, W. ^ 25, N. i 26, 
N. i 27, sees. 28, 29, SE. qr. 30, NE. qr. 31, N. ^ 
32, N. i 33, NW. qr. 34, NW. qr. 36, embrace all 
the 1st rate prairie ; residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

Township 84 — Eange 6, E. — Is about equally 



LANDS IN IOWA. 125 

divided into prairie and timber land. The NE. ^ is 
rolling 2d rate timber land ; the SW. ^ is rolling 
1st rate prairie ; the whole well watered by nume- 
rous small creeks, and delightfully situated for agri- 
cultural purposes. Growth, white and black oak 
and hickory. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, E. i and E. i of NW. qr. 
9, sees. 10, 11, N. i and SW. qr. 12, W. ^ and SE. 
qr. and S. ^ of NE. qr. 13, sees. 14, 15, E. qr. 16, 
N. i and N. i SE. qr. 22, N. | 23, E. i and NW. 
qr. 24, embrace all the timber land, which is 2d 
rate ; residue rolling 1st rate prairie. 

Township 84 — Range 7, E. — Fractional. Em- 
bracing about six sections ; it is bounded on the east 
by the Mississippi river. The south part is rolling 
1st rate ; the north part rather sandy. The village 
of Charleston is located on fractional sec. 20. 

The E. i and NW. qr. 30, fractional sees. 29, 33, 
sec. 31, embrace all the roUing 1st rate timber land ; 
sec. 6, S. i and NW. qr. 19, is wet timber land ; 
the SW. qr. 30, is rolling 1st rate prairie ; sees. 7 
and 18, is rather sandy prairie ; residue level, wet 
prairie, 1st rate soil. Growth, white and black oak. 



TOWNSHIP 85. 

Range 1, E. — Is high and broken, principally 
timber land ; good timber and water in abundance. 
The Makoqueta river passes through the SW., and 
Fall river through the northeast parts of the town- 
ship. There are steep bluffs of gray limestone on 
both rivers. The Makoqueta river is about two 
chains wide, and average depth three feet, brisk 
current and sandy bottom. Growth, white, black, 
11* 



12G DESCRIPTION OF 

and red oak, lynn, elm, sugar, and white and black 
walnut. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, E. i 6, NE. qr. 8, N. i 9, 
N. i 10, sees. 11, 12, N. i 13, W. ^ 29, sees. 30, 
31, 32, 33, 34, embrace all the broken 2d rate ; re- 
sidue generally rolling 1st rate timber land. 

Township 85 — Range 2, E. — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, well situated for cultivation ; the whole well 
watered. The North Fork or Fall river passes 
from west to east through this township ; it is a 
beautiful stream, rapid current, rock or gravel bot- 
tom. Lytle^s creek, a good mill-stream from the 
north, forms a junction with Fall river in sec. 8. 
Farmer's creek traverses the east side of the. town- 
ship. Numerous good springs of pure clear water 
are to be found in various parts of the township. 
That portion south of the river is all 1st rate soil 
and timber ; north of the river is barrens, though 
some good groves of timber, the soil rather sandy 
There is an abundance of Kmestone, but not of the 
best quality. Growth on the upland, white, black, 
and bur oak, lynn, hickory, and hazel ; on the bot- 
toms, elm, sugar, haekberry, walnut, and butter- 
nut. 

Sees. 1 and 12 embrace all the prairie, which is 2d 
rate ; the SW. qr. 5, SE. qr. 6, E. i 7, sec. 8, SW. 
qr. 9, W. i 14, sees. 15, 16, 17, E. ^ 18, E. i 19, 
sees. 20, 21, W.-^ 22, SW. qr. 25, sees. 26, 27, 28, 
29, NE. qr. 30, sees. 32, 33, 34, 35, and 36, em- 
brace all the 1st rate timber land ; residue rolling 
2d rate timber land. 

Township 85 — Range 3, E. — Is high and roll- 
ing, principally timber land, well situated for culti- 
vation, being in the aggregate 2d rate land. The 
whole well watered. Fall river passes through the 



LANDS IN IOWA. 127 

SW. corner of the township; it is bisected by 
numerous brooks of pure running water. Brush 
creek and its tributaries pass through the NE., and 
Farmer's creek through the NW. parts. Large 
quantities of stone is found in the banks of the 
numerous streams. Growth on the bottoms, sugar, 
€lm, hackberry, walnut, lynn, and maple ; on the 
upland, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, cherry. 

The NW. qr. 1, sec. 2, NE. qr. 3, W. ^ 6, W. 
i 7, SE. qr. 32, SW. qr. 33, embrace all the 
prairie, which is 2d rate ; the SW. qr. 3, SE. qr. 
4, SW. qr. 15, NW. qr. 22, is 1st rate prairie and 
timber land ; the S. i 22, sec. 31, NW. qr. 32, 
SE. qr. 33, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; 
the S. i and NE. qr. 1, SE. and NW. qr. 3, W. ^ 
and NE. qr. 4, sec. 5, E. i 6, E. ^ 7, sees. 8, 9, 
W. i 10, sec. 12, E. i 13, NW. qr. 15, sees. 16, 17, 
18, 19, 20, 21, NE. qr. 22, SW. qr. 23, NE. qr. 
24, SE. qr. 25, W. i 26, sees. 27, 28, 29, 30, NE. qr. 
32, N. i 33, sees. 34, 35, and 36, embrace all the 
2d rate timber land ; residue broken 3d rate timber 
land. 

Township 85 — Range 4, E. — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, with some small strips of prairie, with nearly 
every variety of soil and timber, well situated for 
cultivation, tolerably well watered by numerous 
small streams, several of which rise in the town- 
ship. Brush creek, a good mill-stream, passes through 
the SW. part. Neither stone nor stone coal dis- 
covered. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, hick- 
ory, sugar, elm, walnut, and hazel. 

The NW. qr. 2, N. i 3, sec. 4, W. ^ and NE. 
qr. 5, E. ^ 6, E. ^ 9, SW. qr. and W. ^ of NW. 
qr. 15, E. i and NW. qr. 16, embrace all the 1st 



128 DESCRIPTION OF 

rate prairie ; the SW. qr. 2, SE. qr. 5, W. -^ 6, E. 
i 7, W. i 8, SW. qr. 16, sec. 17, NE. qr. 18, NE. 
qr. 20, N. I 21, NE. qr. 32, embrace all the 1st 
rate timber land ; the S. i 10, SE. qr. 11, SW. qr. 
12, SW. qr. 18, W. i 19, S. i 20, S. ^ 27, N. i 30, 
embrace all the broken 3d rate ; residue good roll- 
ing 2d rate timber land. 

Township 85 — Range 5, E. — Fractional. The 
Mississippi river cuts off the NE. corner of the 
township. This township is generally high, dry, and 
rolling, except a small portion adjoining the Missis- 
sippi, and is well situated for cultivation ; the whole 
well watered, and tolerably well timbered ; there is 
but a small portion of prairie. The Makoqueta riv- 
er enters the township on the south, and passes 
through in a northeasterly direction, and forms a 
junction with the Mississippi in sec. 12 ; numerous 
small streams flow in different directions through 
the township. The bottoms on the Mississippi and 
Makoqueta rivers are much spoiled with ponds and 
slues of stagnant water. Growth on upland, white, 
black, and bur oak, hickory, and hazel ; on the bot- 
toms, Cottonwood, elm, maple, black walnut, and ash. 

The NW. qr. 4, NE. qr. 5, E. fraction 13, sec. 
24, E. fraction 26, NW. qr. 35,- S. fraction 34, em- 
brace all the 1st rate prairie, and is also bottom. 
Sees. 11, 12, NW. fractional qr. 13, E. i 14, E. i 
23, embrace all the 1st rate timber land; residue 
hilly, 2d rate timber land. 

Township 85 — Range 6, E. — Fractional. Em- 
bracing about half a township. The south half of 
this fraction is hilly timber land ; the N. ^ is level 
bottom prairie ; the whole well situated for farming 
purposes, and well watered. The Mississippi river 
passes this township from NW. to SE. ; the bottom 



LANDS IN IOWA. 129 

land along the river is low, and subject to inundation 
by the annual freshets ; neither stone or stone coal. 
Growth on upland, white and black oak, and hickory ; 
on the bottoms, elm, ash, maple, locust, walnut, Cot- 
tonwood, birch, and hackberry. 

Fractional sees. 7, 17, E. ^ 18, and the island 
embracing part of 15, part of 22, fraction 23, frac- 
tion 24, part 25, part 26, embrace all the 1st rate 
timber land; fraction 16, W. ^ 18, sees. 19, 20, 21, 
W. fraction 22, N. i of N i 28, N. i of N. i 29, 
embrace all the first rate bottom prairie, but sub- 
ject to inundation ; residue hilly, 2d rate timber land. 

Township 85 — Range 7, E. — Is a small fraction 
containing only 36.30 acres of inundated bottom, 
much cut up with bayous. 



TOWNSHIP 86. 

Range 1, E. — Is handsomely elevated on the 
high land between Fall river and Ly tie's creek ; it 
is of a pleasantly undulating surface, embracing a 
large portion of 1st rate land, well timbered, being 
well adapted to cultivation, though poorly supplied 
with water. Fall river passes through sees. 31 and 
32, Lytle's creek through the NW. qr. sec. 1 ; 
several small streams have their sources in the north 
part of the township, but of little importance ; there 
are some few good springs. There is but a small 
portion of this township prairie, which is 1st rate 
soil. Limestone in abundance is to be found in the 
banks of the streams. Growth, white and black 
oak, hickory, lynn, elm, and sugar, of an excellent 
quality. 

The W. i 3, E. i and NW. qr. 4, NE. qr. 5, E. 



130 DESCRIPTION OF 

i 9, W. ^ 10, SE. qr. 12, NE. qr. 13, NW. qr. 15, 
NE. qr. 16, embrace all the 1st rate prairie ; the 
W. i 13, S. i 14, sec. 21, E. i 22, sec. 23, NW. 
qr. 26, W. ^ 28, E. i 32, sec. 33, SW. qr. 34, NW. 
qr. 36, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; resi- 
due rolling, 2d rate timber land. The SE. diagonal 
half of this township is well timbered. 

Township 86 — Range 2, E. — Is broken and hilly, 
interspersed with small portions of 1st rate prairie 
land, well adapted to cultivation, being well watered, 
and tolerably well timbered. Lytle's creek, a good 
mill stream, passes from north to south through this 
township ; it is bisected by numerous small streams 
of pure water, flowing over rock bottoms, and through 
precipitous chffs, some 200 feet high. Numerous 
springs of good water are interspersed throughout 
the township. Limestone is abundant in the cliffs 
bordering the streams. Growth, white and black 
oak, hickory, lynn, cherry, aspen, and hazel. 

Sees. 12, 13, W. i 24, NW. qr. 25, is 1st rate 
prairie; sec. 1, NW. qr. 2, sec. 3, S. ^ of SE. qr. 

4, E. part 9, W. i 10, E. i SE. qr. 14, NW. qr. 15, 
NE. qr. 16, NW. qr. 18, SE. qr. 19, SW. qr. 20, 
NW. qr. 29, NE. qr. 30, SW. qr. 36, embrace prin- 
cipally all the prairie which is 2d rate ; sees. 5, 6, N. 
1 7, N. i 8, W. i 14, E. i 15, S. i 18, SE. qr. 24, 

5. i 30, SW. qr. 29, embrace all the good 2d rate 
timber land ; the SW. qr. 2, W. i 4, S. i 7, S. ^ 8, 
N. i 9, E. i 10, W. 1 11, NE. qr. 14, SW. qr. 15, W. 
i and SE. qr. 16, sec. 17, W. ^ and NE. qr. 19, E. -| 
and N W. qr. 20, sec. 21, N. ^ 22,W. ^ 23, S. 1 25, sec. 
26, NW. qr. 30, sec. 31, W. i 32, SE. qr. 33, sees. 
34, 35, E. i and NW. qr. 36, embrace all the 2d 
rate timber land ; residue broken, 3d rate timber land. 

Township 86 — Range 3, E. — Is high and rolling, 



LANDS IN IOWA. 131 

beautifully situated for farming purposes, being about 
equally divided into prairie and timber land ; the 
whole well watered. Farmers^ creek traverses the 
west half, and Brush creek through the SE. corner 
of the township. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, 
hickory, and elm. 

Sec. 2, NE. qr. and E. i NW. qr. and W. | of 
SW. qr. 3, E. i of SE. qr. 4, E. i 11, N. i of NW. 
qr. 13, N. i 14, sec. 15, S. i and SE. i of NE. qr. 16, 
S. i 17, S. i of SE. qr. 18, E. f 19, sec. 20, N. i 
21, NW. qr. and NW. qr. of NE. qr. 22, E. i 28, 
S. i 29, sees. 30, 31, E. ^ 33, is rolling 2d rate tim- 
ber land ; sec. 12, S. i 21, NW. i of SW. qr. 22, 
W. i 28, N. i 29, sec. 32, W. | 33, NW. qr. and 
NE. qr. 35, W. ^ and S. ^ of SE. qr. 36, is broken, 
2d rate timber land ; residue rolling 1st and 2d rate 
prairie. 

Township 86 — Range 4, E. — Is broken and hilly, 
especially in the vicinity of all the water courses, 
and about one third prairie or barrens. There are 
some fine bottoms on Mill creek and Duck creek ; 
the north and eastern parts are tolerably well tim- 
bered with white, black and bur oak, hickory and 
lynn ; the whole well situated for cultivation, being 
the greatest portion 2d rate land. This township is 
well watered by Mill, Spruce, and Duck creeks and 
their tributaries, but neither of them sufficient for 
propelHng machinery of any kind. Numerous springs 
of pure water are interspersed throughout the town- 
ship. Limestone in abundance is found in the ledges 
bordering the numerous streams. 

The NW. qr. 2, N. ^ 3, S. i 9, SW. qr. 10, NE. 
qr. 15, SW. qr. 11, sees. 13, 14, NW. qr. 16, S. ^ 18, 
NW. qr. 19, NE. qr. 22, N. i 23, S. i 24, NE. qr. 25, 
SW. qr. 29, embrace all 1st rate timber land ; the S. 



132 DESCRIPTION OF 

i 4, NE. qr. 5, E. i and SW. qr. 19, N. ^ 20, NW. 
qr. 21, SE. qr. 22, SW. qr. 23, NW. qr. 26, sec. 27, 
SE. qr. and NW. qr. 28, SE. qr. 29, W. i and SE. 
qr. 30, sees. 31, 32, 33, and S. i 34, embrace all the 
1st rate prairie ; sec. 1, E. ^ and SW. qr. 2, S. ^ 
3, NE. qr. 4, W. i and SE. qr. 5, sec. 6, 7, 8, N. ^ 
9, N. i 10, E. i and NW. qr. 11, sec. 12, N. ^ 17, 
S. i 20, NE. qr. 21, W. ^ 22, SE. qr. 23, N. i 24, 
W. i and SE. qr. 25, E. i and SW. qr. 26, N. i 
29, N. ^ 34, sees. 35, 36, embrace all the 2d rate 
timber land ; residue broken 3d rate timber land. 
This township is rapidly settling. 

Township 86 — Range 5, E. — Is a small fraction 
embracing only about seven sections. It is princi- 
pally hilly 2d rate land, tolerably well timbered with 
white and black oak, hickory, sugar, lynn, aspen, and 
Cottonwood. The Mississippi river passes this town- 
ship in a southeasterly direction. It is filled with sev- 
eral large islands, which are of but little value except 
for the timber. 

The S. I 19, fractional sec. 20, NE. qr. 30, em- 
brace all the 1st rate timber land ; the SE. qr. 32, 
SW. qr. 33, is 1st rate prairie ; residue hilly 2d rate 
land. The village of Bellevue was laid out by an act 
of Congress, on sec. 18. It bids fair to be a place 
of considerable importance. 



TOWNSHIP 87. 

Range 1,E. — Is high and rolling, principally 1st 
rate prairie, embracing the high land between White 
water and Ly tie's creeks. It is well situated for cul- 
tivation, and particularly for the grazing of cattle or 
sheep. About one-sixth of the township is timber 



LANDS IN IOWA. 135 

land of an inferior quality, and but poorly supplied 
with water. Growth, white, black and bur oak, hick- 
ory and hazel. Limestone in abundance in the banks 
of the streams. 

The N. i 1, NW. qr. 5, sec. 6, E. ^ and SW. qr 13, 
E. part 23, sees. 24, 25, E. part 26, small grove, 
embracing parts of SE. qr. 22, SW. qr. 23, NE. qr. 
27, S. i 31, E. i 35, sec. 36, embrace all the 2d 
rate timber land ; sees. 7, 18, NW. qr. 19, is broken 
3d rate timber land ; residue rolling 1st rate prairie. 

Township 87 — Range 2, E. — Is high and rolling, 
embracing about two-thirds 1st rate prairie, well 
situated for cultivation ; the whole well watered by 
Ly tie's creek, with its numerous small tributaries, 
which pass through this township in a southwesterly 
direction ; limestone in abundance and good. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak, and hickory. 

The W. i 16, sees. 17, 18, 19, 20, W. ^ 21, SW. 
qr. 27, sees. 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, W. ^ 34, SE. 
qr. 35, SW. qr. 36, embrace all the timber land in 
the township, which is 2d rate ; residue rolling 1st 
rate prairie. 

Township 87 — RangeS,E. — Is about three-fourths 
hilly 2d rate timber lar^ ; the prairie is rolling and 1st 
rate soil. The NE. part is tolerably well watered 
by Tete des Morts creek. Growth, white, blacky 
and bur oak. and hickory. 

Sec. 1, E. i 2, N. i 5, sec. 12, SE. qr, 34, E. i 
and S. I of W. ^ 35, sec. 36, is rolling 2d rate timber 
land ; S. i of SE. qr. 24, sec. 25. S. | of E. ^ and 
SW. qr. 26, N. i of NW. qr. 35, is rolling 2d rate 
prairie ; most of sec. 6, W. i 7, W. ^ 18, W. i and 
SE. qr. 19, S. i of SW. qr. 20, S. i 27, S. i and S. 
i of NW. qr. 28, sees. 29,30, 31, 32, 33, N. i and 
N. i of S. ^ 34, is rolling 1st rate prairie ; residue 
12 



134 DESCRIPTION OF 

hilly 2d rate timber land, except the N. ^ of 3, which 

is prairie. 

Township 87 — Range 4, E. — Is hilly and broken. 
About one-sixth part is rolling 2d rate prairie ; the 
whole well watered. The Mississippi river cuts off 
the NE. corner of the township. Tete des Morts 
creek traverses the NW., and Spruce creek the SE. 
parts of the township. It is mostly well timbered 
with white, black, and bur oak, hickory, elm, lynn, 
&;c. &c. 

The S. i 3, E. i 9, sees. 10, 11, NW. qr. 15, E. 
i ofNE. qr. 16, S. h and S. i of NE. qr. 19, W. | 
of S. I and S. ^ of NW. qr. 20, W. | of 29, sec. 30, 
NE. qr. 31, most of 32, is roUing 2d rate prairie ; re- 
sidue mostly hilly and broken 2d rate timber land. 

Township 87 — Range 5, E. — Is a small fraction, 
containing only 135.92 acres, principally inundated 
bottom, bordering the Mississippi river. 



TOWNSHIP 88. 

Range 1, E. — The north and east tiers of sections 
are principally hilly, 2d rate timber land ; the SW. 
corner is rolling 2d rate timber land ; the residue 
rolling 1st rate prairie ; the whole tolerably well wa- 
tered by numerous small streams. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak. 

Sec. 1, NE. qr. 2, is rolling 1st rate timber land ; 
the S. i and NW. qr. 2, sec. 3, W. ^ 5, sec. 6, NE. 
i 7, NW. ^ 8, sec. 24, is hilly, 2d rate timber land ; 
sec. 4, E. i 5, N. i and E. i of SW. qr. and W. ^ 
of SE. qr. 9, NW. i of N. i 10, NE. i of NE. qr. 
11, sees. 12, 13, 19, SW. qr. 20, sec. 25, S. ^ of 
SW. qr. 28, sees. 29, 30, N. part of SE. qr. 31, N. 
11 



LANDS IN IOWA. 135 

. . qr. 32, NW. qr. 33, sec. 36, is roll- 
ing 2d rate timber land ; residue rolling 1st rate 
prairie. 

Township 88 — Range 2, E. — Is high, dry and 
rolling, embracing about two-thirds timber land, well 
situated for cuJtivation, being in the aggregate 2d 
rate land ; the whole well watered. Catfish creek, 
with its numerous tributaries, passes northeasterly 
through the township. Stone is found in several 
places. In the NE. part are several smelting furna- 
ces, for the purpose of separating the lead from the 
ore. It is supposed that lead ore abounds to a con- 
siderable extent in this township. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak, hickory, and hazel. 

The NW. qr. 2, N. i 3, N. i 4, NE. qr. 5, S. i 
21, SW. qr. 22, SW. qr. 23, sees. 27, 28, E. i 29, 
SE. qr. 31, sees. 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36, embrace 
all the prairie which is 1st rate ; residue rolling 2d 
rate timber land, very thinly timbered with an infe- 
rior growth of timber. Settlements are rapidly ma- 
king in this township. 

Township 88 — Range 3, E. — Fractional. Is most- 
ly broken 2d rate timber land. The Mississippi river 
passes this township in a southeasterly direction, cut- 
ting off the NE. corner. Du Buque's grave is on 
the bluff just north of Catfish creek. Growth, white, 
black, and bur oak and hickory. 

Sec. 7, W. I and SE. qr. 8, N. \ of 17, SW. qr. 
and SW. qr. of SE. qr 34, S. i of SE. qr. 35, S. 
1 of 36, is mostly rolling 1st rate prairie ; residue 
broken 2d rate timber land. This township supposed 
to contain lead ore. 

Township 88 — Range 4, E. — Is a small fraction- 
al township, embracing about four sections. It is 
bounded on the NE. by the Mississippi river. The 



136 DESCRIPTION OF 

whole of it broken 2d rate timber land ; the timber 
is of first rate quality. 



FIFTH DIVISION. 



TOWNSHIP 89, 

Range 1, W. — Is principally rolling and broken 
timber land, well situated for cultivation. The SE. 
part is very hilly and broken, heavily timbered with 
white and black oak, sugar, elm, lynn, &c. ; under- 
growth, blue beach, ironwood, plum, thorn, crab ap. 
pie, prickly ash, and grape-vines ; soil 1st and 2d 
rate. The west part rolling prairie, thinly timbered 
with white, black, and bur oak ; soil 1st and 2d rate. 
The whole well watered by numerous small streams. 

Sees. 1, 12, 24, N. ^ 25, is hilly 1st and 2d rate 
timber land ; sec. 2, N. ^ 3, NE. qr. 4, N. ^ 11, 
S. i 23, sec. 26, S. ^ and NE. qr. 27, S. i 28, sees. 
S3, 34, 35, 36, is uneven, mostly 2d rate timber land ; 
the S. i 8, SW. qr. and W. i SE. qr. 9, W. ^ of 
NW. qr. 16, sec. 17, S. | 18, sec. 19, W. f 20, N. 
i 29, N. i and SW, qr. 30, W. i 31, is rolling 1st 
rate prairie ; residue rolling 2d rate timber land. 

Township 89 — Range 2, W. — This township is 
principally prairie, with but few small groves and 
scattering bur, white, and black oaks. On the SW. 
and N. parts, rolling 1st and 2d rate land, well wa- 
tered on the southeasterly parts thereof 

The NW. qr. of NW. qr. 5, sec. 6, N. i 7, S. 
f 8, S. I 9, S. i 10, S. i of SW. qr. 11, S. ^ and 



LANDS IN IOWA. 137 

SW. i of NE. qr. and most of NW. qr. 14, S. i 13, 
sees. 15, 16, most of 17, W. ^ of NW. qr. and SW. 
qr. and NE. qr. of NE. qr. 19, most of 20, sees. 21, 
22, 23, 24, E. f of N. ^ and most of S. i 25, N. ^ 
of NE. qr. and S. i of SE. qr. and W. i 26, see. 27, 
E. i 28, N. i of NW. qr. 33, E. i of NW. qr. and 
N. i of NE. qr. and S. ^ of SE. qr. 34, most of 35, 
sec. 36, is rolling 1st rate prairie; see. 1, N. ^ 2, 
most of 18 and 19,.Huit's grove in sees. 25 and 26, 
most of sees. 29, 30, 31 and 32, is rolling 1st timber 
land ; the balance is rolling 2d rate timber land. 

Township 89 — Range 3, W. — Is mostly rolling 
1st rate prairie, well situated for cultivation, and is 
well watered with living streams and springs. There 
is abundance of fine building stone. The surveyor 
adds, " also appearances in every part of it of rich 
mines of lead ore."- — "I also found many beautiful 
specimens of marble, both white and gray. The 
only think wanting is timber." 

Grove in the NW. corner of 2, and NE. corner 
3, grove on middle of line between sees. 11 and 14, 
grove in sees. 23 and 24, grove in NE. qr. 6, an- 
other in NE. corner 36, NE. qr. and N. ^ of SE. qr. 
13, W. J of SW. qr. 19, W. i 30, W, i 31, is 
mostly rolling 1st rate timber land ; residue rolling 
1st rate prairie, excepting the SW. qr. 15 and NW. 
qr. 22, which is rocky 3d rate. 

Township 89 — Range 4, W. — This township is 
nearly all open prairie, about one-fourth part is 1st 
rate land ; the whole well watered. Plum creek and 
tributaries traverse this township. There is abun- 
dance of good building stone. The surveyor adds, 
" there are large rocks of the best quality for oil 
stone." 

The SE. qr. and NE. qr. of SW. qr. 8, SE. qr. 
12* 



138 DESCRIPTION OF 

and NE. qr. of SW. qr. 24, E. i 25, sec. 36, SE. 
qr. 35, is rolling 1st rate timber land ; residue most- 
ly rolling 1st rate prairie. 

Township 89 — Range 5, W. — Is handsomely un- 
dulating, and of the best quality of soil. There are 
many groves of timber of the best kind ; the whole 
well watered. The Makoqueta river passes through 
the SW. part ; it affords some good mill-seats. Hon- 
ey creek, a good mill stream, comes in from the 
north. There is an abundance of good building 
stone in various parts of the township. 

The N. i of NE. qr. and NW. qr. 2, W. i and 
NE. qr. 3, E. f 4, W. i 6, W. i 7, SE. i of SE. 
qr. 8, SW. qr. and NE. qr. 9, NW. i of NW. qr. 
10, W. 1 16, E. i and SW. qr. 17, NE. i of NW. 
qr., W. i of NE. qr., and N. i of SE. qr. 18, N. i 
and W. f of S. i 20, NW. qr. and SE. qr. 29, E. 
i 32, W. i of NW. qr. and S. i of SW. qr. 33, S. 
^ of 35, is rolling 1st rate timber land ; residue roll- 
ing 1st rate prairie. 

Township 89 — Range 6, TF".— Is principally high 
rolling 1st rate prairie, with some portions of good 
timber, the whole beautifully situated for cultivation, 
being well watered by the Makoqueta river, which 
passes through the NE. corner, and Prairie creek 
through the SW. part of the township. Growth, 
white oak, black and white walnut, sugar, and aspen. 
The surveyor says there are several good mill-seats. 

Most of sec. 1, NE. qr. 2, E. i 12, S. i of N. i 
25, N. i 26, N. i 27, N. ^ 28, SE. qr. of NE. qr. 
and NE. qr. of SE. qr. 29, SE. qr. 21, SW. qr. 22, 
embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; the W. ^ 3, 
NW. qr. 10, sec. 24, is level 1st rate timber land ; 
the N. ^ 4 and N. ^ 5, is marshy ; residue princi- 
pally rolling 1st rate prairie. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 139 

Township 89 — Rainge 7, W. — Is all prairie, ex- 
cept some inferior timber on the banks of Buffalo 
creek, a small stream passing through sees. 30 and 
31. The greatest portion of this township is 1st rate 
soil. The whole poorly supplied with water. The 
principal stream is Prairie creek, which has its source 
within the township, and runs diagonally through 
from NW. to SE. Springs and good limestone are 
scarce : a few granite boulders in the NW. part. 



TOWNSHIP 90. 

Range 1, W. — The south and east parts are well 
timbered with white and black oak, sugar, elm, lynn, 
black walnut, and ash ; the westerly part is mostly 
prairie, with scattering bur, white, and black oak, 
with small groves, generally 2d rate soil. In many 
places, however, it may be considered 1st rate. 
Lead ore is supposed to exist in this township. 

The N. i 1, sees. 2, 3, 4, N. ^ 9, sec. 10, N. i 
11 and 12, S. i 24, sec. 25, S. i 26, S. ^ 27, S. i 
28, N. i and SE. qr. 33, sees. 34, 35, 36, is uneven, 
and some hilly, good 2d rate timber land ; the S. | 
of W. i and W. ^ of SE. qr. 5, E. i 6, E. |- 7, W. 
I 8, S. i 11, S. i 12, W. f of N. i 13, SW. qr. 14, 
E. i 15, sees. 17, 18, E. ^ of NE. qr, 19, N. i 20, 
N. I 23, W. i of SW. qr. 29, E. i of SE. qr. 30, 
NE. qr. of NE. qr. 31, is rolling 1st rate prairie ; 
residue principally rolhng 2d rate timber land. 

Township 90 — Range 2, W. — Is high, dry, and 
beautifully rolling and rich, a small portion of which 
is prairie ; the whole lightly timbered, except the 
NW. corner, which is tolerably well timbered with 
white, black, and bur oak, sugar, elm, ash, lynn. 



140 DESCRIPTION OF 

ironwood, &;c., and extremely hilly, particularly about 
the corners of sees. 5, 6, 7 and 8. It is poorly sup- 
plied with water. Fall river traverses the SE. part, 
and a branch of Turkey creek heads in the north- 
west part. 

The NW. qr. 11, SW. qr. 9, E. i 17, W. i 16, 
E. i 19, sec. 20, W. -| 21, W. i 28, sec. 29, E. i 
30, NE. qr. 31, N. i and SE. qr. 32, W. ^ 33, is 
rolling 1st rate timber land; the SE. qr. 4, E. ^ of 
NE. qr. 8, NW. i of N. ^ 9, S. i of NE. qr. and 
N. 1 of SE. qr. 13, SE. qr. and E. i of SW. qr. 
14, W. i 17, E. i of 18, W. f 19, NW. qr. and W. 
i of SW. qr. 30, W. -| and SE. qr. 31, is rolling 1st 
and good 2d rate prairie ; the SW. qr. 5, SE. qr. 6, 
NE. qr. 7, NW. qr. 8, is very hilly and broken 3d 
rate ; residue rolling 2d rate timber land. 

Township 90 — Range 3, W. — Is about two-thirds 
high rolling 1st rate prairie, beautifully situated on 
the high land between the waters of Turkey and Ma- 
koqueta rivers. The north and northwest parts are 
very broken. The land is better adapted for graz- 
ing than tillage. There are several good sugar or- 
chards, and some pine timber, and tolerably well 
watered by numerous small streams ; an abundance 
of building stone. 

The N. i 1, SW. qr. 10, S. i 12, sees. 13, 14, 
N. i and SE. qr. 15, W. ^ of SW. qr. 18, W. i 
19, N. i 23,- N. i 24, W. ^ of NW. qr. 30, is 
rolling first rate timber land ; the SW. qr. 3, S. | 4, 
most of 5, E. i 6, E. i 7, sees. 8, 9, NW. qr. 10, 
NE. qr, 11, sec. 17, E. i 18, is broken 2d rate 
prairie ; sec. 16, SW. qr. 15, E. | 19, sees. 20, 21, 
22, S. i 23, S. i 24, sec. 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, S. | 
and E. f of N. ^ 30, sees. 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 



LANDS IN IOWA 141 

embrace all the rolling first i*ate prairie ; residue 
rolling 2d rate timber land. 

Township 90 — Range 4, W. — The south part of 
this township is high roiling 1st rate prairie, better 
adapted to the grazing of cattle or sheep than for 
<jultivation. The north part may be said to be 
mountainous. It is a mixture of thickets, woodland 
-and barren prairie ; but little of it will admit of culti- 
vation. The hills are from 100 to 500 feet high, and 
their sides covered with large masses of projecting 
or overhanging rock. The streams and springs are 
numerous, and of the best and purest water. There 
is but little of the timber of any value, except for 
fuel. 

The SW. i 7, W. f 18, sec. 19, most of 20, (ex- 
cept NE. qr. of SE. qr. 21,) SW. qr. 22, S. i 24, 
sec. 25, E. i and SW. qr. 26, W. | 27, sees. 28, 
-29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, is rolling first rate 
prairie ; residue mostly broken and hilly second rate, 
and slightly timbered. 

Township 90 — Range 5, W. — Is mostly rolling 
1st rate prairie. The north and northwest parts are 
l)roken, and some of it 2d rate ; the south part is well 
watered, and has some timber. Growth, white, bur, 
and yellow oak, aspen, hickory, and walnut. 

The NE. qr. 1, W. |- 3, E. ^ 4, NE. qr. of NE. 
qr. 9, NW. qr. of NVV. qr. 10, is broken 2d rate 
timber land ; SE. qr. of SE. qr. 23, SW. qr. of SW. 
qr. 24, W. ^ of NW. qr. 25, E. i of NE. qr. and 
S. i of 26, S. I 27, S. i 28, E. i of SE. qr. 29, 
;SW. qr. 31, E. | of NE. qr. 32, sees. 33, 34, S. ^ 
and NW. qr. 35, is rolling 1st rate timber land ; the 
SW. qr. 19, NW. qr. 30, is marsh ; the S. ^ and 
NW. qr. 1, sec. 2, E. | 3, W. ^ 4, sees. 5, 6, 7, 8, 
most of 9 and 10, sees. 17, 18, 19, is broken 2d rate 



142 DESCRIPTION OF 

prairie ; sec. 16, rather wet ; residue rolling 1st rate 
prairie. 

Township 90 — Range 6, W. — Is about two-thirds 
2d rate timber land, and one-third rolling 2d rate 
prairie ; the whole well watered. The main branch 
of Makoqueta river passes through this township, 
from NW. to SE. ; the banks are high and rocky, 
the current rapid, affording many valuable mill-seats. 
An abundance of good building stone is to be found 
in the banks of the streams. Growth, black, white, 
and bur oak, aspen, cherry, sugar, lynn, ironwood, 
prickly ash, hazel, and briers. 

Sec. 1, E. i 2, W. i and NE. qr. 6, W. i 7, NE. 
qr. and E. i of SE. qr. 11, sees. 12, 13, NW. qr. 
14, NE. qr. 15, NW. qr. 18, E. i and SW. qr. 19, SW. 
qr. 20, E. i 23, sees. 24, 25, E. i 26, W. ^ and SE. 
qr. 29, sees. 30, 31, 32, W. ^ and SE. qr. 33, S. ^ 
of 34, embrace all the prairie land ; sec. 1, E. ^ 2, 
S. i 6, N. i 7, NE. qr. 11, sees. 12, 13, SE. qr. 
19, S. ^ 30, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; 
residue timber land of 2d rate quality, soil sandy. 

Township 90 — Range 7, W. — Is principally all 
prairie of an inferior quality, wet in places. The 
whole township may be termed 2d rate. There are 
but two groves of timber of an inferior quality ; one 
embraces part of sees. 13, 14, 15, 23, and 24; the 
other in sec. 4. This township is but poorly sup- 
plied with water ; the Makoqueta river (here very 
sluggish) passes through in a southeasterly direction ; 
also one of the branches of Buffalo creek enters the 
SW. corner of sec. 30, and leaves in the NW. cor- 
ner of sec. 31 ; the southern part is destitute of wa- 
ter, except in the small marshes. No rock of any 
description. 

Township 90— i2a«ge 8, W. — Is principally 



LANDS IN IOWA. 143 

prairie, with but three small groves of scrubby oak 
and hickory timber ; the whole well watered ; two 
of the branches of Buffalo creek traverse this town- 
ship in a southeasterly direction, nearly parallel to 
each other ; the SW. part is watered by several 
spring brooks, tributaries of the Wapsipinecon river. 
These streams abound with excellent trout. A few 
large granite rocks are scattered over the NE. part, 
which is the only rock to be found in the township. 
The SW. qr. 13, SE. qr. 14, sec. 24, E. i 23, E 
i and NW. qr. 25, NE. qr. 26, SE. qr. 35, sec. 36, 
and a small grove on the line between sees. 31 and 
32, embrace all the timber land, which is 2d rate 
and rather wet ; residue all 2d rate prairie. 



TOWNSHIP 91. 

Range 1, W. — Fractional. Embraces about 17 
sections. The Mississippi river passes this township 
on the north, in a southeasterly direction ; the river 
is filled with numerous islands, which are low and 
subject to inundation. A large portion of this town- 
ship is hilly and broken, and not very susceptible of 
cultivation. Growth, principally white, black, yel- 
low, and bur oak. 

Sees. 7, 17, NE. qr. 18, is level 1st rate bottom 
land, subject to inundation ; the SW. qr. 18, sees. 
19, 20, N. i 30, NW. qr. 29, sec. 36, is rolling 1st 
rate timber land ; residue rather hilly and broken 
2d rate timber land. 

Township 91 — Range 2, W. — Is high and rolling, 
or hilly, well timbered and watered, soil of the rich- 
est quality, the whole delightfully situated for agricul- 
tural purposes. The Mississippi river cuts off the NE. 



144 DESCRIPTION OF 

corner of the township. Turkey river traverses the 
north part of the township, entering the township in 
sec. 6, passing through sees. 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, and 12, 
where it forms a junction with the Mississippi river. 
Turkey creek, a good mill-stream, passes through 
sees. 31, 30, 19, 18, 16, 15, and 10, where it falls 
into Turkey river ; niimerous other small streams 
pass through and have their sources within this town- 
ship. Limestone in abundance and of a good qual- 
ity, is found in all the bluffs bordering the streams. 
Growth, white, black, bur oak, hickory, sugar, wal- 
nut, lynn, elm, and ash ; undergrowth, hazel, and 
aspen ; on the islands and low bottoms, maple, elm, 
and willow. The village of Winchester is located 
on the NW. qr. 10. One saw-mill built and in op- 
eration on the NE. qr. 16. 

Sec. 4, 5, 6,7, S, i 8, sees. 9, 10, 11, 12, W. ^ 
14, E. i and NW. qr. 15, NE. qr. 16, S. i 18, sec. 
19, SE. qr. 20, SE. qr. 21, S. i 22, sec. 23, W. ^ 
26, NW. qr. 27, NW. qr. 28, NE. qr. 29, W. i 30, 
W. ^ of NE. qr. 31, embrace all the 1st rate land; 
residue rolling 2d rate. 

Township 91 — Range 3, W. — Is principally roll- 
ing and broken ; the south and west parts assume a 
level appearance, and afford much good land suit- 
able for farming purposes, except a small prairie on 
the south. It is heavily timbered with white, black, 
and bur oak, hickory, poplar, sugar, lynn, walnut, 
maple, elm, cottonwood, and willow ; and but poorly 
supplied with water, Turkey river passes from 
west to east along the north boundary ; it is a beauti- 
ful stream, about two chains in width, flowing over 
a smooth pebbly bottom. Several small streams 
have their sources within this township, but are of 
no value. The bottoms along Turkey river are 



LANDS IN IOWA. 145 

mostly narrow and subject to inundation. The 
bluffs south of Turkey river, are steep and broken 
by numerous ravines, which render the country back 
for the distance of two or three miles unfit for culti- 
vation. 

The S. ^ 32, S. ^ 33, embrace all the prairie, which 
is 1st rate; theN. ^1,N. ^ 2, N. i3,NE.qr. 4, sees. 
16, 17, 18, 19, 20, W. i 21, SE. qr. 22, SW. qr. 23, 
SE. qr. 24, E. ^ 25, NW. qr. 26, E. i 27, W. ^ 
28, sees. 29, 30, 31, N. i 32, N. i 33, sec. 34, W. 
^ 35, E. ^ 36, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; 
residue broken 2d and 3d rate timber land. 

Township 91 — Range 4, W. — Is high and rolling, 
soil rich, well situated for cultivation, the timber 
large and valuable, the whole well watered ; Elk 
creek, a good mill-stream, passes from south to north 
through the eastern, and Fox creek northeasterly 
through the western parts of the township ; these 
creeks are intersected by numerous small branches 
of pure running water. Growth, white, and black, 
oak, hickory, sugar, lynn, walnut, ash, maple, elm, 
hazel, and grape-vines. 

The S. i and NW qr. 1, S. i and NE. qr. 2, SE. 
qr. 3, NE. qr. and SW. qr. 5, SE. qr. 6, E. i 7, sees. 
8, 9,10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, E. ^ 19, 
sees. 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, NE. qr. 25, NW. qr. 26, 
S. i 27, sees. 28, 29, E. i 30, E. i 31, sees. 32, 33, 
34, embrace all the 1st rate land ; residue good 2d 
rate land. 

Township 91 — Range 5, W. — Is handsomely el- 
evated on the high land between Turkey and Mako- 
queta rivers, well situated for cultivation ; the south- 
west part, embracing about one-fourth of the town- 
ship, is rolHng 1st rate prairie. This township is 
well supplied with water, by numerous large and 
13 



146 DESCRIPTION OF 

handsome springs, and several small brooks rising 
therefrom. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, hick- 
ory, lynn, elm, ash, walnut, sugar, aspen, and maple, 
of a good quality. 

The SW. qr. 1, sees. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 
12, W. ^ 13, sees. 14, 15, 16, N. ^ 17, sec. 18, 
NW. qr. 19, E. i 21, N. i 22, N. i 23, NW. qr. 
24, SW. qr. 25, S. ^ 26, S. a 27, E. i 28, E. i 35, 
W. i 36, embrace all the 1st rate timber land. The 
S. i of S. i 17, E. I and SW. qr. 19, sec. 20, W. 
I 21, W. i 28, sees. 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, W. ^ 35, 
embrace all the prairie, which is 1st rate ; residue 
rolling 2d rate timber land. 

Township 91 — Range 6, W. — ^Is handsomely ele- 
vated on the height of land between Turkey and 
Makoqueta rivers ; it has a pleasantly undulating 
surface, nearly two-thirds timber land, and about 
one-third rolling sandy prairie ; the whole well sup. 
plied with water. The Makoqueta river passes 
through the SW. corner of the township, and sever- 
al of the tributaries of Turkey river have their 
source in the NE. corner of the township. The 
prairie extends diagonally through the township from 
SE. to NW., averaging in width from one and a half 
to two miles ; the SW. part is gently rolling 2d rate 
sandy soil, thinly timbered with a small growth of 
white, black, and bur oak, hickory, aspen, elm, and 
hazel. The NE. part is broken and hilly 2d rate 
soil, and tolerably well timbered. Growth, same as 
on SW. part. 

The SW. qr. 5, sec. 6, N. i 7, N. ^ 8, S. | 18, 
N. ^ 19, SE. qr. 23, SW. qr. 24, sees. 25, 26, E. | 
35, sec. 36, is first rate land, nearly all prairie; res- 
idue 2d rate farming land. 

Township 91 — Range 7, W. — Is nearly all rolUng 



LANDS IN IOWA. 147 

prairie, the greatest* portion of which is first rate 
land. There is but one grove of inferior timber, 
tind that is embraced in the SE. qr. 13, E. i 24, E. 
^ 25, NE. qr. 36. The eastern part of the town- 
ship is watered by two sluggish streams, the outlets 
of several marshes, which appear to be supplied by 
springs ; the southwestern part has the main branch 
of the Makoqueta river passing through sees. 30, 
^1, and 32; it is small and sluggish. No stone of 
any kind found upon the surface. Growth in the 
grove, black, white, and bur oak, and hazel. 

Township 91 — Range 8, W. — Is all open prairie 
of an inferior quality, wet in places, and 2d rate. 
This township is poorly watered, and entirely desti- 
tute of timber and rock. The head branches of the 
Makoqueta river and Buffalo creek, have their sour- 
ces in this township. 



TOWNSHIP 92. 

Range 2, W. — Is fractional, embracing one-half 
of a township ; it is handsomely elevated, consisting 
mostly of rolling timber land of a good quality, well 
situated for cultivation. The whole well watered; 
the Mississippi river passes it from north to south on 
the east side. The large islands in front of this 
township are low and marshy, subject to inundation, 
well timbered with maple, elm, and willow, and of 
but little value. Growth on upland, white, black, 
and bur oak, sugar, walnut, lynn, elm, and ash ; un- 
dergrowth, hazel and aspen. 

The E. part of fractional sec. 8, E. \ and E. \ 
of NE. qr. 17, middle part W. \ 19, is 1st rate 
prairie ; the SW. qr. 17, E. \ 20, NE. qr. 29, W. \ 



148 DESCRIPTION OF 

30, S. ^81, embrace all the 1st rate timber land; 
residue rolling 2d rate timber land. Some few set- 
tlements made in this township. The village of 
Prairie Laporte is located on sec. 17. 

Township 92 — Range 3, W. — Is handsomely el- 
evated on the high land between the Mississippi and 
Turkey rivers, consisting mostly of rolling timber 
land of the first quality for cultivation; the whole 
well watered by Turkey river, which winds along 
the south boundary, and Cedar creek, which passes 
southwardly through the western part of the town- 
ship ; numerous large and handsome springs, and 
several small streams rising therefrom, flow in vari- 
ous directions over beautiful pebbly bottoms. Growth 
on upland, white, black, and bur oak, hickory, elm, 
lynn, walnut, and ash ; on the bottoms, cottonwood, 
maple, and willow ; timber in general of a good 
quality. 

The SW. qr. 1, S. i 2, E. i 3, W. i 4, S. i 5, 
E. i 8, sec. 9, E. i 10, sec. 11, W. i- 12, W. i 13, 
N. i 14, sees. 15, 16, N. i 17, NE. qr. 18, S. ^ 19, 
SE. qr. 20, sec. 21, W. i 22, E. } 23, sec. 24, N. 
i 25, SW. qr. 28, SE. qr. 29, N. i 30, SE. qr. 31, 
S. I 32, S. i 33, S. i 34, S. i 35, embrace all the 
prairie, which is first rate ; residue good 2d rate 
timber land. Some few settlements made along 
Turkey river. 

Township 92 — Range 4, W. — Is generally rough 
and broken timl)er land, interspersed with some small 
prairies ; the whole may be considered a 2d rate 
township of land, well watered by Turkey river, 
which passes through the centre of the township from 
NW. to SE. ; it is a handsome stream from three 
to four chains in width ; the Volga river passes from 
west to east through the south part, and falls into 



LANDS IN IOWA. 149 

Turkey river in sec. 35 ; it has a quick current, 
and is a good mill-stream. Lime and sand stone is 
to be found in abundance in various parts adjoining 
the streams ; there is much good timber, consisting 
of white, black, and bur oak, sugar, walnut, ash, elm, 
maple, cottonwood, hackberry, lynn, hickory, plum, 
and hazel. 

The N. i 2, N. i 3, SE. qr. 32, E. i 35, is all 
the 1st rate land; part of N. i 12, part of E. ^ 11, 
S. k 7, SW. qr- 8, W. i 17, N. ^ 18, N.. i and N. 
i of SE. qr. 20, middle part 21, W. i and W. ^ of 
SE. qr. 22, part N. i 27, embrace all the prairie, 
which is 2d rate. Sec. 1, S. i 2, S. ^ 3, sec. 4, N. 
i 5, sec. 6, N. i 7, SE. qr. 8, sec. 9, N. i and SW. 
qr. 10, W. i 11"; N. i 12, N. | 14, sec. 15, N. i 16, 
E. 1 17, W. i 18, W. i 19, SE. qr. 21, N. i of 22, 

5. i 23, S. i 24, sec. 25, E. ^ 26, NW. qr. 28, sec. 
29, N. i 30, S. i 30, S. i 31, W. ^ and NE. qr. 
32, SW. qr. 33, SW. qr. 35, sec. 36, embrace all the 
2d rate timber land ; residue broken 3d rate. There 
is a saw-mill- erected on Elk creek, in the SE. qr. 35. 

Township 92 — Range 5, W, — Is broken and hilly ; 
the south part is one dense forest of oak, ash, maple, 
sugar, lynn, cherry, walnut, hickory, aspen, dec. The 
soil generally 2d and 3d rate ; the north part may 
be denominated barrens, and of a poor quality. The 
whole well watered by the Volga river and its tribu- 
taries, all clear and limped, flowing rapidly over sand 
and gravel bottoms. 

The S. i 1, sees. 2, 3, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, E. 
i 16, N. i 22, N. i 23, N. i and SE. qr. 24, is rolling 
2d rate barrens, with scattering timber :; sees. 4, 5, 

6, 7, 8, 9, W. i 10, most of sees. 17 and 18, W. ^ 
19, is mostly broken 3d rate barrens, with scattering 
timber ; residue in the SW. part is mostly broken, 

13* 



150 DESCRIPTION OF 

and some hilly 2d rate timber land ; residue in the 
SE. part is mostly rolling 2d rate timber land. 

Township 92 — Range 6, W. — Is principally high 
rolling 2d rate land, the greatest portion thinly tim- 
bered with small oak. There are several small 
prairies, the largest is in the NW. part. " The prai- 
ries have the appearance of being recently timbered ; 
roots and fragments of decayed trees are yet upon 
the surface." This township is well watered ; the 
Volga river traverses the NE. part ; it affords an 
abundance of water for propelling machinery ; there 
are several small streams which have their sources 
within this township, and descend northeasterly and 
fall into the Volga river. Growth on the upland, black, 
white, and bur oak, and hickory ; on river bottoms, 
bur oak. aspen, lynn, and sugar. 

The S. i 1, W. i 3, E. i 5, E. i 8, sec. 9, SE. 
qr. 11, S. i 12, W. i 14. E. i 15, NW. qr. 16, N. 
^ 17, NE. qr. 22, NW. qr. 23, SE. qr. 24, E. ^ 25, 
sec. 36, is 1st rate prairie and timber land ; residue 
all 2d rate. 

Township 92 — Range 7, W. — Has an equal por- 
tion of prairie and timber land; the prairie extends 
across the south part of the township, and is of the 1st 
quality of soil. The NW. part is first rate timber 
land. Growth, white and black oak, sugar, lynn, 
ash, and hickory ; the NE. part is hilly and thinly 
timbered with small scattering bur and white oak ; 
the whole well watered by many small spring brooks 
running NE. to the Volga. An abundance of lime- 
stone is to be found in the banks of the streams. 

Sees. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, N. i and SE. qr. 7, sees. 8, 
9, 10, 11, 12, E. i 13, NW. qr. and W. -| of SW. 
qr. 14, sees. 15, 16, 17, E. i of NE.qr. 18, NE. ^ 
20, N. i and N. ^ of S. ^ 21, NW. qr. 22, and NE. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 151 

qr. 24, SE. qr. 25, NE. qr. 36, embrace all the tim- 
ber land, which is principally 1st and good 2d rate ; 
the prairie is 1st rate ; sees. 7, IS, S. i 17, sees. 
19, 20, and 21, would be good selections, being 
prairie and timber land of the first quality of soil 
and timber, and well watered. 

Township 92 — Range 8, W. — Is nearly all high 
rolling prairie, the greatest portion of which is first 
rate. It is situated upon the height of land between 
the Volga and Wapsipinecon rivers. There are but 
three small groves of timber in this township ; the 
groves in sec. 13, W. ^ 6, NVV. qr. 7, have an in- 
ferior quality of timber, soil 2d rate ; there is a 
point of good timber land comes into sees. 1 and 
12. Growth, oak, ash, sugar, black and white wal- 
nut, lynn, and hickory. Sees. 1 and 12 are good se- 
lections, 1st rate soil and timber, and well watered. 
This township is but poorly supplied with water and 
stone. 



TOWNSHIP 93. 

Range 2, W. — Is fractional, embracing about 10 
sections. It is broken and rough, rich soil, tolerably 
well situated for cultivation ; the Mississippi river 
passes from N. to S. along the east side of this 
township. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, sugar, 
walnut, lynn, elm, ash, hickory, aspen, and hazel. 
The large islands in front of this township are low and 
marshy, and subject to inundation, they are well 
timbered with maple, elm, and willow, and of but 
little value. The W. fraction of 17, S. i 18, SW. 
fractional qr. 29, embrace all the first rate land ; 



152 DESCRIPTION OF 

residue broken 2d rate. Some few settlements made 
on the Mississippi. 

Township 93 — Range 3, W. — Is generally rough 
and broken, being about one-fifth first rate prairie ; 
the timber land is generally 2d rate soil ; it abounds 
with clear and pure streams, and excellent springs 
of water; the Mississippi river cuts off the NE. 
corner. The whole well situated for cultivation. 
An abundance of good building stone is to be found 
in the banks of the numerous streams. Except the 
prairie, it is heavily timbered with dense forests of 
oak, ash, hickory, sugar, lynn, walnut, butternut, 
with some cedar and pine, prickly ash, and hazel. 

The NW. qr. 4, N." i 5, sees. 6, 7, 18, SW. qr. 17, 
E. i 19, sec. 20, SW. qr. 28, sec. 29, E. ^ 32, sec. 
33, SW. qr. 34, embrace all the prairie, which is 1st 
rate ; the S. ^ of 8, E. | and NW. qr. 17, W. ^ 19, 
embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; residue good 
2d rate timber land. Several settlements have al- 
ready been made along the borders of the prairie. 

Township 93 — Range 4, W. — Is high, dry, and 
rolling, and nearly equally divided into prairie and 
timber land of the best quality for cultivation ; the 
whole well watered by numerous streams of pure 
water flowing rapidly over smooth rock or gravelly 
bottoms. The whole township abounds with springs 
of excellent water. Turkey river passes through 
the SW. corner of sec. 31 ; numerous ledges of 
good limestone' are in all the banks of the streams ;• 
west bank of Turkey river is a solid ledge of lime- 
stone. Growth, white, black, and bur oak, aspen, 
hickory, ash, lynn, walnut, sugar, butternut, maple, 
hackberry, with some few pines and cedars ; under- 
growth, aspen, plum, cherry, prickly ash, and 
gooseberry. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 153 

:.... ^. 2- 5, E. i 7, sec. 8, SW. qr. 9, NW. qr. 
16, N. i 17, E. i 18', NE. qr. 19, W. ^ 28, SE. 
qr. 29, E. i 31, N. ^ 32, NW. qr. 33, S. ^ 34, S. 
i 35, embrace all the first rate timber land ; the W. 
i and SE. qr. 6, W. ^ 7, SW. qr. 17, W. i 18, 
W. i 19, sec. 20, NW. qr. 21, sec. 25, E. i and 
SW. qr. 26, SE. qr. 27, W. ^ and NE. qr. 29, sec. 
30, W. i 31, S. i 32, E. i and SW. qr. 33, N. ^ 34, 
N. 1^ 35, sec. 36, embrace all the timber land, which 
is 2d rate ; residue rolling 1st rate prairie. Settle- 
ments are making in this township. 

Township 93 — Range 5, W. — Is generally rough 
and broken ; that part west of Turkey river is mostly 
prairie or barrens, with a few scattering bur and 
black oaks, with patches of aspen, plum, thorn, &c. 
East of the river well timbered. This maybe con- 
sidered a township of 2d rate land. This township 
is tolerably well watered. Turkey river passes di- 
agonally from NW. to SE. ; it is a handsome stream 
about four chains in width, shallow and rapid ; there 
are but few springs and small streams of water ; 
the river bottoms are large and first rate land. An 
abundance of good limestone is found in various parts 
of the township. Growth, white and black oak, ash, 
elm, sugar, walnut, aspen, and hazel. 

The SE. qr. 5, SW. qr. 13, SE. qr. 14, SE. qr. 
and E. i of SW. qr. 15, NE. qr. 22, SE. qr. 23, 
S. i 25, SE. qr. 31, embrace all the 1st rate timber 
land ; the SW. fractional qr. 5, S. ^ 6, sees. 7, 8, 
SW. qr. 9, W. i 16, sees. 17, 18, E. i and NW. 
qr. 19, sec. 20, W. ^ 21, W. i and W. | of E. ^ 
28, sec. 29, NE. qr. 30, embrace principally all the 
prairie which is 2d rate ; residue broken 2d rate tim» 
bar land. 



154 



TOWNSHIP 94. 

Range 3, W. — Is generally rough and broken ; 
the soil is good north of the Snymagill creek ; the 
timber is scattering, and the hills present a bald 
appearance ; on the south of the creek it is a dense 
forest of large trees ; the creek bottom is rich 
and handsome, with but little timber ; the creek is 
rapid and perennial, pure, clear, and cold water, 
being wholly formed by springs within the township. 
The Mississippi river passes from north to south 
on the east side of the township, making it fractional. 
The large surveyed islands in front of this township, 
are low and wet, much cut up by bayous and ponds 
of dead water, annually inundated by the Mississippi 
freshets. 

The S. i of SW. qr. 29, S. i 30, sees. 31, 32, 
SW. qr. 33, is rolling 1st rate prairie ; the W. ^ 6, 
W. i 7, W. i 18, SW. qr. 17, NW. qr. 19, N. i 
30, E. ^ and N. | of W. i 29, is rolling 1st rate 
timber land ; sees. 3, 4, E. ^ 10, E. ^ 15, E. ^ 34, 
is rolling 2d rate timber land ; residue, except the 
islands, is broken 2d rate timber land. 

Township 94 — Range 4, IF. — Is generally rolling, 
soil 1st rate. The NE. part is well timbered with 
white, black, and bur oak, lynn, elm, ash, walnut, 
sugar, aspen, plum, thorn, and hazel. The prairie 
bordering the timber is gently rolling, rich, and well 
situated for agriculture. The middle and western 
parts are rolling prairie, with a hw thickets and 
scattering trees on the west, affording no timber of 
consequence. There are but few streams, some of 
which rise and sink occasionally in dry seasons. 
There are numerous sink-holes on the western part. 



LANDS IN IOWA. 155 

The N. 1 1, N. i 2, NE. qr. 3, is broken 2d rate 
timber land ; the S. i 1, S. ^ 2, W. i of NW. qr. 
5, E. i 6, S. i of SE. qr. 7, E. | and NE. qr. ot 
NW. qr. 11, sees. 12, 13, E. ^ of NE. qr. 14, NW. 
i of NE. qr. and E. ^ of NW. qr. 18, S. ^ of SW. 
qr. 17, NE. qr. and SW. qr. 19, W. -i of NW. qr. 
20, W. 1 of NW. qr. 21, S. i and NE. qr. 24, NE. 
qr. 25, W. { 30, W. ^ 31, is rolling 2d rate timber 
land; residue rolling 1st rate prairie. 

Township 94 — Range 5, W. — Is generally bro- 
ken and rough, about one-third prairie ; the whole 
well situated for cultivation, being on the average a 
2d rate township of land. It is poorly supplied with 
water ; several small streams, which sink after run- 
ning a short distance. Turkey river passes through 
the SW. corner ; it is from two to four chains wide, 
rapid current, rock bottom. Growth, white, black, 
and bur oak, elm, ash, hickory, lynn, aspen, plum, 

The E.' i of SE. qr. 1, W. i 3, N. i 4, W. i 6, 
W. ^7, W. ^ 18, embrace all the 1st rate prairie; 
the W. i 31, is 1st rate timber land ; the E. ^ 3, S. 
i 4, sec. 5, E. i 6, E. i 7, NW. qr. 8, NE. qr. 9, 
NW. qr. 10, E. i 12, E. i 13, SE. qr. 18, N. i 19, 
SE. qr. 20, SWfqr. 21, N. i 24, SW. qr. 27, sec, 
28, E. i 29, E. i 32, NW. i 33, embrace all the 
prairie which is 2d rate soil ; the W, ^ 1, N. ^ 2, 
S. i 8, SW. qr.lO, W. ^ 12, NW. qr. 13, W. i 15, 
SE. qr. 16, NW. qr. 17, NE. qr. 18, S. ^ 19, SW. 
qr. 20, N. i and SE. qr. 21, sec. 22, S. ^ 24, sec. 
25, S. i 26, E. i 27, W. i 29, N. i 30, SE. qr. 33, 
W. i 34, E. ^ 36, embrace all the 2d rate timber 
land ; residue broken 3d rate timber land. 



156 DESCRIPTION OF 



TOWNSHIP 95. 



Range 3, W. — This township is generally rough 
and broken, soil good, covered with scattering white 
and black oak, sugar, lynn, and elm tinnber, and on 
the NW. part there is a heavy undergrowth of as- 
pen, cherry, scrub oak and hazel ; the whole well 
watered by numerous springs of pure water. Nu- 
merous ledges of limestone in diflferent parts of the 
township. The large islands in front of this town- 
ship are low and wet, much cut up with bayous, 
ponds, &;c., and subject to inundation annually. 

Basil Girard's claim of 5760 acres, in this and the 
township west, contains most of the hills and broken 
land, occasioned by Bloody Run and tributaries. The 
Mississippi river passes in front of this township 
from N. to S., which makes it a fraction. Bloody 
Run passes eastwardly through this township, and 
centrally through the claim ; it is from 20 to 30 
links wide, rapid current, clear cold water ; it affords 
some mill privileges. 

The S. i 4, S. i 5, S. ^ 6, N. i 7, N. i 8, N. | 
9, S. i 29, S. i 30, sees. 31, 32, 33, is rolling, 2d 
rate ; residue mostly broken, 2d rate timber land. 

Township 9d^Range 4, W. — Is generally rolling, 
and in the vicinity of Bloody Run, very broken and 
rough ; on the south and west parts there is con- 
siderable good prairie ; in the northwest are numer- 
ous sink-holes. The whole poorly watered. Bloody 
Run and its tributaries water the east part. Growth, 
white, black, and bur oak, sugar, elm, lynn, ash, 
ironwood, aspen, plum, thorn, crab-apple, and hazel. 

Sees. 13, 14, 15, N. } 16, E. i 21, sec. 22, N. ^ 
25, N. 1^ 26, is broken 2d and 3d rate timber land ; 



LANDS IN IOWA. 157 

the N. i 4, most of 7, W. i 8, W. ^ of NW. qr. 17, 
N. i and E. f 18, E. i 19, S. i and S. } of NW. 
qr. 20, S. ^ 26, S. i 27, S. i and SW. i of NW. qr. 
28, sees. 29, 30, E. i and E. i of SW. qr. 31, sees. 
32, 33, W. I 34, is rolling 1st rate prairie ; residue 
rolling 2d rate timber land. 



SIXTH DIVISION 



TOWNSHIP 89. 

Range 1, jE. — Is rather hilly and broken, the 
western part is heavily timbered, and the whole 
well watered by the Little Makoqueta river, which 
runs northeasterly through the centre of the town- 
ship ; it is intersected by numerous small streams. 
Growth, white and black oak, lynn, elm, sugar, 
thorn, crab-apple, prickly ash, and green briers. 

The S. i 12, SE. qr. 11, NE. qr. 14, most of 
s6cs. 13, 24, 25, 36, is rolling 2d rate prairie; the 
S. i 19, sec. 20, W. ^ 21, W. i 29, sec. 30, is 
rolling 1st rate timber land ; residue mostly hilly, 
uneven 2d rate timber land. Some mineral has 
been raised in the northeast part of this township. 
There is a saw-mill on the NE. qr. sec. 12, and an- 
other on the SW. qr. sec. 11. 

Township 89 — Range 2, E. — Is high and rolling, 
and in some parts hilly and broken, principally 1st 
and 2d rate prairie, except the north and south- 
west parts, where there are scattering white, black, 
14 



158 DESCRIPTION OF 

and bur oak, lynn, sugar, and hazel. This^ township 
is delightfully situated for farming purposes, and well 
watered ; the Mississippi river cuts off the NE. 
corner of sec. 1, also makes a curve through the 
east parts of sees. 24, 25, and 36 ; the Little Mako- 
queta river traverses the NW. and several branches 
of Catfish creek traverse the south parts. This 
township is a rich mining district, and no doubt other 
portions may prove equally as rich, when as thor- 
oughly examined. 

The NE. qr. 5, NE. qr. 6, SW. qr. 10, S. ^ 14, 
E. i 22, N. i 23, W. i 25, E, i 26, SE. qr. 33, 
NW. qr. 36, embrace diggings for lead ore, some 
of which yield 80 per cent. The N. ^ 4, NE. qr. 
5, S. 1 of SW. qr. 18, NW. qr. 29, sec, 30, W. | 
31, embrace all the 1st rate timber land ; fractional 
sec. 1, NE. i 2, W. ^ 3, E. i. 4, W. | and SE. 
qr. 5, sec. 6, NW. qr. 7, E. i 9, W. ^ 10, E, 
i of NE. qr. 11, N. i and N. | of S. ^ 12, W. i 
and SE. qr. 19, SE. qr. 36, embrace ail the timber 
land which is rolling 2d rate ; the SE. qr. 13, SW, 
qr. 15, S. ^ 16, SE. qr. 20, sec. 21, W. ^ 22, NW. 
qr. 27, sec. 28, NE. qr. 29, embrace all the 1st rate 
prairie ; residue rolling 2d rate prairie. 

The town of Du Buque is situated on the west 
bank of the Mississippi river in sees. 24 and 25. 
It is surrounded by a rich mining country, and is the 
seat of justice for Du Buque county. The United 
States Land, and Surveyor GeneraFs offices are lo- 
cated here. 

Township 89 — Range 3, E. — Is a small fraction 
embracing about three sections, mostly of level 1st 
rate bottom land, much cut up with bayous. Frac- 
tional sec. 6, and most of 7, and the islands, are 



LANDS IN IOWA. 159 

timber land ; the Mississippi river passes this town- 
ship in a curve on the east side. 



TOWNSHIP 90. 

Range 1, E. — The southeasterly part is rather 
hilly and broken, particularly along the streams, 
but well timbered with white and black oak, su- 
gar, elm, hickory, black walnut, ash, and iron- 
wood. The north and west parts are principally 
prairie, with here and there a small grove of oak and 
hickory, soil 1st and 2d rate, rolHng in part, and in 
places uneven. Very little mineral as yet discovered, 
except on sees. 34, 35, and 36, where it has been 
raised in large quantities ; and in sec. 22, also, the 
mines are still wrought, but less mineral raised, than 
in either of the first mentioned sections. Durango 
is laid out upon the SE. qr. 34, and SW. qr. 35. 
Sherald's mound is upon the SE. qr. 14. 

The S. I 5, S. 1 6, sees. 7, 8, S. ^ and NW. qr. 
9, S. i 10. N. i 14, sees. 15, 16, N. \ 17, sec. 18, 
,SE. qr. 20, N. i and N. ^ of SW. qr."'21, N. ^ 22, 
sees. 29, 30, N. ^ 31, N. \ 32, is rolling good 2d 
rate prairie; the S. ^ sees. 1, 2, 3, and 4, N. | 6, 
NE. qr. 9, N. ^ 10, N. i 11, sec. 12, S. 1 13, S. i 
17, sec. 19, N. i and SW. qr. 20, sees. 23, 24, N. 
i 25, W. ^ 28, SE. qr. 31, S. f- 32, is rolling good 
2d and 1st rate timber land ; residue rather hilly and 
broken 2d rate timber land. 

Township 90 — Range 2, E. — Fractional. Is 
mostly rolling timber land, well situated for farming 
purposes. The Mississippi river passes this town- 
ship in a southeasterly direction. Little Makoqueta 
river traverses the south part and forms a junction 



160 DESCRIPTION OF 

with the Mississippi in sec. 26. Growth, white and 
black oak, lynn, sugar, hackberry, mulberry, elm, 
maple, and ash, and of a good quality. 

The SE. qr. 7, S. i 8, W. i of W. i 16, SE. qr. 
and E. | of NE. qr. 17, embrace all the prairie, 
which is first rate. Fractional sec. 11, N. fractional 
i 14, fractional sec. 25, SE. qr. 31, SW. qr. 32, 
SE. qr. 33, embrace all the 1st rate rolling timber 
land ; residue rolling 2d rate timber land. The vil- 
lage of Peru was laid out by an act of Congress ; 
it is located on sees. 26 and 35 ; it may in time be 
a place of considerable importance, as it is sur- 
rounded by a first rate farming country. 



TOWNSHIP 91. 

Range 1, E. — This fractional township is bounded 
on the north by the Mississippi river ; the river is 
full of islands, which are heavily timbered, and sub- 
ject to inundation. This township is hilly and bro- 
ken 2d rate, the principal part of which is unfit for 
cultivation. Growth, white, black, yellow, and bur 
oak. 

Township 91 — Range 2, E. — Is a small fraction, 
containing only 168.45 acres, mostly high bluff. 
Growth, white and black oak, lynn, sugar, ash, elm, 
and hickory. 



161 



APPENDIX 



IOWA TERRITORY. 

The act for establishing the Territorial Government 
of Iowa, was passed Jane 12th, 1838 : — " Be it enacted, 
tfec. That from and after the third day of July next, all 
that part of the present Territory of Wisconsin, which 
lies west of the Mississippi river, and west of a line drawn 
due north from the head waters or sources of the Missis- 
sippi to the Territorial line, shall, for the purposes of 
temporary government, be and constitute a separate Ter- 
ritorial Government, by the name of /ot^a." 

Iowa Territory is bounded on the east by the Missis- 
sippi river, to its source ; from thence due north to the 
line dividing the British possessions and the United 
States ; thence west along said Territorial line to White 
Earth river ; thence down said river to its junction with 
the Missouri river, to the north boundary of the State of 
Missouri ; thence eastwardly along the north boundary 
of Missouri to the Mississippi river. 

Form of Government. 

The organic law of the Territory, which is the consti- 
tution of the Territorial Government, provides that the 
-Governor, Secretary, Chief Justice, and two Associate 
Judges, District Attorney of the United States, and a U. 
S. Marshal, shall be appointed by the President of the 
United States, by and with the advice and consent of the 
Senate. 

The Governor is also Superintendent of Indian affairs 
for the different tribes of Indians within the Territory. It 
is made his duty to see that the laws be faithfully exe- 
cuted — to be Qommander-in- Chief of the Militia of the 
Territory — to appoint, by and with the advice and consent 
14* 



162 APPENDIX. 

of the Legislative Assembly, all Territorial officers, not 
otherwise provided for in the organic law — and to ap- 
prove all legislative enactments before they become laws. 
It is made the duty of the Secretary of the Territory to 
receive and disburse all public funds appropriated by 
Congress for the payment of the expenses of the Legis- 
lative Assembly — to keep and preserve a record of all 
Legislative enactments — to record and preserve a record 
of the official acts of the Governor in his official capa- 
city as executive of the Territory. The Secretary is 
acting Governor during the absence, resignation, or death 
of the Governor. 

United States Officers. 

Executive. 

Robert Lucas, Governor and Superintendent of Indian 
Affairs. 

James Clark, Secretary. 

Judiciai'y. 

Charles Mason, Chief Justice, and President Judge 
of the 1st Judicial District. 

Joseph Williams, Associate Judge and President 
Judge of the 2d Judicial District. 

Thomas S. Wilson, Associate Judge and President 
Judge of the 3d Judicial District. 

Charles Weston, District Attorney. 

Francis Gehon, Marshal. 

The Judges are appointed for four years ; and the Ter- 
ritory is divided into three judicial districts, and a Judge 
assigned to each, who is the President or District Judge. 
There is one District Prosecutor appointed by the Gov- 
ernor, by and with the advice and consent of the Legis- 
lative Council, for each Judicial District, whose duty it 
is to prosecute for all offences against the laws of the 
Territory. The District Attorney of the United States 
also, attends the District Courts and prosecutes in the 
name and in behalf of the General Government. The 
Supreme Court meets once a year at the seat of govern- 



APPENDIX. 163 

ment, and is composed of the Chief Justice and the two 
Associate Judges ; it has jurisdiction over all appeals 
from the decisions in the District Courts. 

Legislative. 

The Legislative power is vested in the Governor and 
the Legislative Assembly, which consists of a Council of 
13 members, elected for two years by the people, and a 
House of Representatives of 26 members, who are elected 
by the people annually. Pay of the members, $3 per 
■day, and $3 for every 20 miles travel. 

The following is a list of members composing the 
First Legislative Assembly of the Territory, which was 
convened pursuant to the proclamation of the Governor 
-on the 12th of November, 1838, in the city of Burlington. 

3Iemhers of the Council for the sessions of 183S-39, and 
1839-40. 

Lee Count]/, Jesse B. Browne. 

Van Buren County, J. Keith, A. E. M. Sw^azy. 

Henry County, Jesse D. Pain, L. B. Hughes. 

Des Moines County, Arthur Ingraham, Robert Rolston, 
G. Hepner. 

Muscatine, Louisa, Washington, and Johnson Coun- 
ties, J. M. Clark. 

Scott and Clinton Counties, J. W. Parker. 

Cedar, Linn, and Jones Counties, Charles Whittlesey, 

Dw Buque, Delaware, and Clayton Counties, Warner 
Lewis and Stephen Hempstead. 

Jesse B. Browne, Esq., was elected President of the 
Council for the session of 1838-39, and Stephen Hemp- 
stead, Esq., was elected President of the Council for the 
session of 1939-40. B. F. Wallace, Esq., was elected 
Secretary of the Council at each of the before named 
sessions. 

House of Representatives, session of 1838-39. 
Lee County, Wm. Patterson Hawkins, Taylor, Calvin 
J. Price, and James Brierly. 



164 APPENDIX. 

Van Buren County^ James Hall, G. S. Bailey, and 
Samuel Parker. 

Henry County, Wm. G. Coop, Wm. H. Wallace, and 
A. B. Porter. 

Des Moines County, James W. Grimes, George Tem- 
ple Van B. Delashmut, Thomas Blair, and George H. 
Bealer. 

Muscatine, Louisa, and Slaughter''^ Counties, J. Frier- 
son, Wm. L, Tool, Levi Thornton, and S. C. Hastings. 

Cedar, Linn, Jones and Johnson Counties, Robert G. 
Roberts. 

Scott and Clinton Counties, Laurel Summers and J. 
A. Burchard. 

Du Buque and Clayton Counties, Chauncey Swan, 
Andrew Bankson, Thomas Cox, and Hardin Nowlin. 

Wm. H. Wallace, Esq., was elected Speaker, and 
Joseph T. Fales, chief clerk. 

House of Representatives, session of 1839-40. Com- 
menced its session, November 4th, 1839, in the city 

of Burlington. 

Lee County, Edward Johnson, Alfred Rich, Joshua 
Owens, and Wm. Patterson. 

Des Moines County, Wm. R. Ross, Shepard Leffler, 
L. N. English, Isaac Fieenor, and Joseph C. Hawkins. 

Van Buren County, James Hall and tlriah Biggs. 

Henry County, Wm. G. Coop, Jacob L. Myers, and 
John B. Lash. 

Washington and Louisa Counties, Daniel Brewer 
and Jacob Minton. 

Muscatine and Johnson Counties, S. C. Hastings, and 
T. T. Clark. . 

Scott and Clintsn Counties, Laurel Summers and Jo- 
seph M. Robertson. 

Jackson County, Thomas Cox. 

Du Buque and Clayton Counties, Edward Langworthy, 
Jjoring Wheeler, and James Churchman. Edward John- 
son, Esq., was elected speaker, and Joseph F. Fales 
chief clerk. 

* Now Washington County. 



APPENDIX. 



165 



Territorial Officers. 
Jesse Williams, Auditor of public accounts. 
Thornton Bayless, Territorial Treasurer. 
Morgan Rens, Territorial Librarian. 



County Officers. 
Cedar County. 

James W. Tallman, Judge of Pro- 
bate. 
George McCoy, Sheriff. 

Clayton County. 

Samuel H. K. McMasters, Judge of 

Probate. 
John TV. Griffith, Sheriff. 



Clinton County. 

Samuel Doolittle, Judge of Probate. 
James D. Bowen, Sheriff. 

JDes Moines County. 

Robert Cock, Judge of Probate. 
James Camron, Sheriff. 

Du Buque County. 

Charles Corkrey, Judge of Probate. 
George W. Commins, Sheriff. 

Henry County. 

Ephraim Killpatrick, Judge of Pro- 
Date. 
Samuel Smith, Sheriff. 



Jackson County. 



James K. Moss, Judge of Probate. 
William A. Warren, Sheriff. 



.Johnson County. 



Pleasant Harris, Judge of Probate. 
Samuel Trowbridge, Sheriff. 



Jones County. 

Chas. P. Hutton, Judge of Probate. 
Hugh Bowen, Sheriff. 

Jefferson County. 

Henry B. JVotson, Judge of Probate. 
James X. Scott, Sheriff. 

Lee County. 

Henry Ens, Judge of Probate. 
Braxton Gellock, Sheriff. 

Linn County. 

Israel Mitchell, Judge of Probate. 
Hosea W. Gray, Sheriff. 

Louisa County. 

Reuben S. Searles, Judge of Probate. 
Cavil M. McDaniel, Sheriff. 

Muscatine County. 

Arthur Washburn, Judge of Probate. 
James Davis, Sheriff. 

Scott County. 

E. Cook, Judge of Probate. 
Adrian H. Davenport, Sheriff. 

Van Buren County. 

Joseph S. Wescoatt, Judge of Pro- 
bate. 
Henry Heffleman, Sheriff. 

Washington County. 

J^athan Baker, Judge of Probate. 
Milo Holcomb, Sheriff. 



Militia Officers. 
Robert Lucas, Commander-in-chief. 
Verplanck Van Antwerp, Adjutant General. 
James M. Morgan, Quartermaster General. 
Morton M. McCarver, Commissary General. 
William M. Davoe, Paymaster General. 
Enos Lowe, M. D., Surgeon General. 



166 APPENDIX. 

Col. Charles Weston^ Judge Advocate General. 

Col. John King, ~) 

" John H. Sullivan, 1 Aids de Camp to 
" Jesse Williams, [ Commander-in-chief. 

" Charlex Neally, J 

Maj. John B. Newhall, Secretary to the Commander- 
in-chief. 

Jesse B. Browne, Major General 1st Division. 

Jonathan E. Fletcher, Major General 2d Division. 

Warner Lewis, Major General 3d Division. 

E. A. M. Swazy, Brigadier General 1st Brigade. 

Augustus C. Dodge, Brigadier General 2d Brigade in 
the 1st Division. 

John Frierson, Brigadier General 1st Brigade. 

Harmin Van Antwerp, Brigadier General 2d Brigade 
in the 2d Division. 

John G. McDonald, Brigadier General 1st Brigade. 

Francis Gehon, Brigadier General 2d Brigade in the 
3d Division. 

The Adjutant General, Quartermaster General, Com- 
missary General, Paymaster General, and Surgeon Gen- 
eral, all rank as Generals ; and the Aids de Camp rank 
as Colonels. 



Counties, with their Population in 1838. 



Cedar, 557 

Clavton, 274 

Clinton, 445 

Des Moines, 4,605 

DuBuque,... 2,381 

Henry 3,058 

Muscatine, .' 1,247 

Scott, 1,252 



Jackson, 881 

Johnson, 237 

Jones, 241 

Lee, 2,839 

Linn, 205 

Louisa, 1,180 

Slaugfhter,* 283 

Van Buren, 3,174 



Total population, 22,859 ; and in 1836, vi^as 10,531 ; 
increase in two years, 12,328. 

Iowa is now settling more rapidly than any other part 
of the western country with enterprising and industrious 
inhabitants. 

* Now Washington County. 



APPENDIX, 167 

The Territories of Wisconsin and Iowa form one sur- 
veying district, under the control of a Surveyor General^ 
who superintends all public surveys. The office of said 
Surveyor General is located by Congress at Du Buque. 

George W. Jones, Surveyor General. 

Elisha Dwelle, chief Clerk. 

The sum of $20,000 has been appropriated by the 
government of the United States, to erect public buildings 
at the seat of the Territorial Government, which is now 
fixed at Iowa City, (in Township No. 79 — Range 6, W.) 
and $5,000 for a Territorial Library. 

The southeast part of the Territory, embracing 254 
townships, (is what is commonly called " Black Hawk'''' 
purchase,) was ceded to the United States, September 
21st, 1832, and is now surveyed ; and 193 townships are 
now and will be in market by the 22d day of June, 1840. 

The surveyed part of Iowa is divided into two land 
districts ; one located at Du Buque, and the other at 
Burlington. The line dividing the two land districts, is 
the east and west line between townships 77 and 78 : ail 
the land north of said line is sold at Du Buque ; and all 
south of said line, at Burlington. 

Thomas McKnight, Receiver, and B. R. Petrikin, 
Register, at Du Buque. Verplanck Van Antwerp, Re- 
ceiver, and Augustus C. Dodge, Register, at Burlington. 
The first sales were held at Du Buque, on the 5th Nov., 
1838 ; at Burlington, on the 19th Nov., 1838. 

A list of townships which were proclaimed for sale, at Bur- 
lington, on the 19th November, 1838, viz : 

Fractional Township 77, Range 1, West. 

Townships 72 and 77, Range 2, 

Townships 69 and 77, Range 3, 

Townships 69, 72 and 73, Range 4, 

Townships 69, 72 and 73, Range 5, 

Townships 68, 72 and 73, Range 6, 

Townships 69 and 70,.... Range 7, 

Townships 69, 70, 71 and 72, Range 8, 

Townships 69, 70 and 71, Range 9, 

Townships 67 and 69, Range 10, 



168 APPENDIX. 

At Du Buque, on the 5th of November, 1838, viz : 

Townships 78 and 79, Range 1, West. 

Townships 78 and 79, Range 2, " 

Townships 89 and 90, Range 3, " 

Townships 78, 79, 89 and 90, Range 4, " 

Townships 78, 89 and 90, Range 5, " 

Townships 89, 91 and 92, Range 6, " 

Townships 89, 90, 91 and 92, Range 7, " 

Townships 90, 91 and 92, Range 8, " 

At Burlington, on the 21st of October, 1839, viz : 

Township 71, Range 2, West. 

Townships 70, 72 and 74, Range 3, " 

Townships 70 and 71, Range 4, *' 

At Burlington, on the 9th March, 1840, viz : 

Townships 67, 68, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76 and 77, Range 5, West. 

Townships 67, 69, 70, 71, 74, 75 and 76.... Rahge 6, " 

Townships 67, 68, 71, 72, 73, 74 and 75,... Range 7, " 

Townships 67, 68 and 73, Range 8, " 

Townships 67 and 68, Range 9, " 

Township 68, Range 10, " 

Townships 67 and 68, Range 11, " 

At Burlington, on the 23d March, 1840, viz : 

Fractional Township 77, Range 

Fractional Township 77, Range 

Fractional Township 77, Range 

Townships 70, 71, 72, 73 and 74, Range 

Townships 68, 69, 70, 73, 74, 75 and 76,... Range 

Townships 68, 71, 73, 75 and 76, Range 

Townships 67, 68, 74, 75, 76 and 77, Range 

At Du Buque, on the Ath May, 1840, viz : 

Townships 78, 79, 80, 81 and 87, Range 

Townships 78,79, 86 and 87, Range 

Townships 78, 79 and 80, Range 

Townships 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83 and 85,... Range 

Townships 78, 79, 80, 81,82 and 86, Range 

Townships 82 and 85, Range 

Townships 82, 83, 84 and 85, Range 



1, 


East, 


2, 


u 


3, 


East. 


1, 


West. 


2, 


" 


3, 


(( 


4, 


(( 


1, 


East, 


2, 


(( 


3, 


«c 


4, 


«t 


5, 


(( 


6, 


t» 


7, 


l^ 



NOTICE.— M«?/ 1, 1840. 



POSTPONEMENT 

OF 

LAND SALES AT DU BUaUE. 



The sale of the following TomishipS) adver- 
tised for May, flSiO, is postponed to July 6, 
J 840, viz: 


Townships, 80, 81, 87, . 
Townships, 79, 80, . . 
Townships, 79, 80, . . 
Townships, 78, 80, 81, 85, 
Townships, 80, 81, 82, 86, 
Township, 83, , . . . 


. Range 1 east. 

(( Q (( 
u 3 U 

" 4 " 

u 5 u 

u 6 » 


Township, 83, .... 


ti r? It 


And the following Towushi 
1S40. 


ps, to August 3d, 


Townships, 80, 81, . . . 
Township, 88, .... 
Townships, 83, 88, 91, . 


Range 1 west. 

(( O l( 

" 3 " 


Township, 88, 

Townships, 79, 84, 85, . 
Township, 79, ... . 


u 4 u 
u 5 " 
u 6 " 



APPENDIX. 169^ 

At Du Buque on the 18th May, 1840, viz : 

Townships 80, 81, 88 and 89, Range 

Townships 80, 81, 82, 88, 89 and 90, Range 

Townships 78, 79. 80, 81, 82, 83, 88 and 91, Range 
Townships 80, 81, 82, 83, 88, 91 and 92,.. Range 

Townships 79, 84, 85,91 and 92, , Range 

Townships 79* and 90, Range 

At Du Buque, on the 22d June, 1840, viz : 

Townships 83, 84, 85, 86 and 87 Range 

Townships 84, 85, 86 and 87, Range 

Townships 84, 85, 86 and 87, Range 

Townships 86, 87 and 88, Range 

Townships 86, 87 and 88, Range 

Township 88, Range 

The above townships embrace all the land that has as 
yet been proclaimed for sale. There only remains 61 
townships yet to be oflfered at public sale. 



1, 


West. 


2, 




( 


3, 




( 


4, 




( 


5, 




( 


6, 


(( 


2, 


West, 


3, 


i( 


4, 


«( 


5, 


(i 


6, 


(( 


7, 




" 



h 



PRAIRIES. 

Of prairie lands, although much of these are to he 
found in the surveyed part of Iowa, the proportion is con- 
siderably less than in other parts of the Territory. About 
one-half of the Burlington, and two-thirds of the Du 
-Buque land districts, may be allowed for prairie. A large 
part of the prairie land is of the first quality of soil ; 
being either a black vegetable mould, or a dark sandy 
loam, from 18 inches to three feet deep ; generally bedded 
on yellow clay, mixed with sand — the surface convenient- 
ly undulating for cultivation, and adapted to render the 
prospects more delightful. Many of the prairies are not 
of great extent, and frequently of so moderate an extent 
that they occupy a space no larger than a good farmer 
would want cleared off for improvements : but many 
tracts are found, exhibiting an open expanse, to vast ex- 
tent, destitute of timber, except on streams and water 

.. * Exc^t- sections 2-, 3, 9, lOj 11, 14 and 15. 
15 



170 appendix: 

courses, which is uniformly skirted with a good timber 
growth. The prairies are covered with grass, straw- 
berries and plants, producing an endless variety of flowers 
of every hue, which blossom in succession during the 
spring and summer months. Another species of prairie 
is flat, wet, cold, and heavy, the soil often thin and unpro- 
ductive. Of the latter are tracts of less extent than in 
any other part of the United States. Another species 
of prairies are denominated Barrens : the surface very 
rolling, and often much broken ; the timber scattering 
and of stinted growth, of small oaks and hickory ; the 
wild grass short. 

Bottoms. 

About one-half of the alluvial margins, or bottom lands, 
on the Mississippi, are inundated by the high waters. Of 
these alluvial lands, there are considerable portions on 
the Mississippi, expanding from half a mile to six miles 
in width ; of which some parts are as flat as a water 
level, to the bluffs ; the surface of other parts are gradu- 
ally and gently elevated, as they recede from the river. 

Of the inundated tracts, as in most other parts of the 
west, they are generally thickly timbered with sycamore, 
Cottonwood, black walnut, bur oak, honey locust, hickory, 
elm, &c. 

Uplands. 

In the interior, are many spaces covered with high 
lands of a different character from those termed bluffs ; 
many of which consist of high precipitous hills, which 
frequently extend nearly over a whole township, well 
supplied with wood and fine springs of water, occasion- 
ally forming the sources of considerable streams, and 
exhibiting generally a surface too rough for cultivation. 
Of this kind of upland there is but a small portion. The 
better kind of upland produces every variety of oak, sugar, 
hickory, lynn, hackberry, cherry, and mulberry. Many 
of the upland prairies are poorly supplied with springs, 
or running water. It is, however, to be obtained plenti- 



APPENDIX. 171 

fully, by digging between ten and twenty-five feet below 
the surface. The well water, so far as it has been tried, 
is generally pure and salutary. 

Rivers. 

The Mississippi river bounds the public surveys of 
Iowa on the east ; its average width is about half a mile. 
Its most remote source has recently been ascertained to 
be the little lake called Itasca by the Indians, and La 
Biche or Elk Lake by the French traders, 3,160 miles 
from the Gulf of Mexico, 1,0-29 miles from the Falls of 
St. Anthony, and about 1,500 feet above the level of the 
sea. Flowing at first northward, and passing through 
several small lakes, it reaches the Falls of Peckagama, 
about 350 miles from its head : and from that point down- 
ward deviates but little from a general southerly course. 
Here it meets the first stratum of rock, and, descending 
over a fall of twenty feet, it leaves behind it the lakes 
and wet savannahs overgrown with wild rice, rushes, and 
other aquatic plants, and the Cedar and Tamarack swamps 
of its earlier course ; and thence passing first through a 
region of forests and wooded islands, and then, below the 
mouth of the Corbeau, of dry prairies abounding with 
Buffalo and Elk, reaches the Falls of St. Anthony. At 
this point it descends about 80 feet in a distance of nine 
miles ; and hence to its junction with the Missouri, flows 
between (some part of the distance) lofty limestone bluffs 
from 100 to 300 feei high. Above the mouth of St. Peter's 
it is much broken by rapids and abrupt falls, but below 
that point it has no considerable obstructions to the navi- 
gation in high stages of the water. The Rock river and 
the Des Moines rapids, however, impede the passage in 
low water. 

The Des Moines river is supposed to rise in the Co- 
teau des Prairies, and in the upper part of its course has 
a rapid and broken current ; below this its course is re 
markably crooked, but not much obstructed, although 
there are rapids. It may be navigated by steamboats in 
a high stage of water, about 100 miles. Where it passes 



172 APPENDIX. 

through the public surveys, its average width is about 10, 
chains, beautiful high banks, unobstructed by islands or 
sand bars ; it may be navigated by keel-boats at any stage 
of water. 

Checauque or Skunk river rises in the high land be- 
tween the Des Moines and Iowa rivers ; it has a course 
of about 150 miles ; near its source it has a rapid current 
and very crooked, affording some valuable mill-seats. 

The Iowa river rises in the table land, from which de- 
scend some of the tributaries of the St. Peter's, and has 
a course of about 300 miles, affording steamboat naviga- 
tion during a part of the year to its junction with the Red 
Cedar about 25 miles, and from thence to Iowa City 
keel-boat navigation. 

The Red Cedar river is the main branch of Iowa river, 
it affords about one-third more water than the Iowa, it is 
navigable for keel-boats at certain stages of the water 
about 100 miles from its mouth ; its channel is wide and 
much obstructed by small islands and sand bars. 

Wapsipinecon Oliver rises near the neutral ground, and 
after traversing in a southeasterly direction a distance of 
about 200 miles, discharges its waters into the Missis- 
sippi about 12 miles above the head of Rock Island 
rapids. Its channel is very crooked, the current rapid, 
affording many valuable mill-seats. For a further de- 
scription of this river, see the descriptions of the several 
townships through which it passes. 

Makoqueta river rises in Township 91, Range 8, West, 
and has its whole source within the public surveys ; it is 
a beautiful stream, affording some of the best water 
powers within the Territory. It passes through a de- 
lightfully timbered country, and its banks in many places 
are perpendicular limestone bluffs from 50 to 100 feet in 
height, affording inexhaustible quantities of good building 
stone, which can easily be transported down the river. 

Turkey riwer rises in the table land north of the neutral 
ground, and after traversing about 150 miles in a south- 
easterly direction, discharges its waters into the Missis- 
sippi opposite to Cassville ; it is a handsome stream, but 
not navigable : for a further description see the description 



APPENDIX. 173 

of the townships through which it passes. There are 
several other small rivers and creeks which are valuable 
for the purpose of propelling machinery, viz : Yellow, 
Volga, Little Makoqueta, and Fall rivers, Tete Des 
Morts, Lytle's, Pine, Sugar, Rock, Wapsinoenock and 
Flint creeks ; for their location, see the accompanying 
map. 

The surveyed part of Iowa may be considered one 
among the best watered regions in the West. Water in 
in abundance for navigation, hydraulic purposes, and the 
grazing of stock. 



ABORIGINAL TRIBES. 



The confederated tribes of the Sacs and Foxes, who 
have long been distinguished for their daring and restless 
spirit, fought their way from the shores of Lake Ontario 
to the Mississippi, beyond which they have lately been 
driven, first by the combined Chippewa forces, and more 
recently by the American troops. Their numbers, which 
were at one time very much reduced, have been gradu- 
ally increased b}^ the policy of adopting their prisoners 
of war, and receiving seoeders from other tribes, and at 
present they amount to G,900 individuals, residing on both 
banks of the river Des Moines. Formerly all the na- 
tions east of the Mississippi were of the Algonquin family. 
The Algonquin language is still spoken by the Chippe- 
was, Ottawas, Pottawatomies, Sacs and Foxes, Shaw- 
nees, Kicapoos, Menomonies, Miamis, and Delawares. 

From all we can learn, however, it appears that the 
Algonquin nations believe in the existence of a Supreme 
Creator, the Kacha Manitou or Good Spirit, of an Evil 
Spirit, or Malcha Manitou, and of other inferior spirits, 
whose favor they seek to obtain by certain ceremonies, 
and sometimes by sacrifices and offerings. They also 
have some notions of a future life, in which the good 
spend their time in hunting and mirth, and the bad in 
hard labor. They have sorcerers, whoae spells are highly 
15* 



174 APPENDIX. 

esteemed for the cure of diseases, and for luck in their 
enterprises ; and their medicine-bags or charms are care- 
fully worn about the person or hung up in the lodge. 
For the cure of diseases, they practice bleeding, use the 
steam bath, employ various decoctions and roots, and. 
trust much to the efficacy of songs, dances, and .other 
ceremonies performed under the direction of the medi- 
cine-men. 

The Sioux, occupying the country between the Upper 
Mississippi and the Upper Missouri, are one of the most 
numerous and powerful of the Indian nations of the 
United States. The term Sioux or Dahcolah, signifies 
confederate, the nation consisting of seven confederated 
tribes, whose number is estimated at 27,500. The family 
of Sioux languages is to the west of the Mississippi, what 
the Algonquin is to the east of that river ; nearly the 
whole of the region from the Mississippi to the Rocky 
Mountains, and from the Arkansas to the head waters 
of the Missouri, being inhabited by more or less closely 
affiliated nations. The Sioux believe in the existence 
of a Master of Life, or Great Spirit, whom they call 
Wahkan Tanka, and of numerous subordinate spirits, 
among whom the Wahkan Shecha, or Evil Spirit, and 
the Thunder, are the principal ; to all of these they make 
offerings. They have the same rude notions about a 
future life as the Algonquin tribes ; polygamy also pre- 
vails among them ; but they seem to have always been 
free from the sin of cannibalism. They live chiefly in 
the prairies, making lodges of buffalo-skin, and employ 
dogs to carry burdens; they raise some corn, pumpkins, 
and beans ; the flesh of the dog is considered by them a 
great delicacy, and a feast of dog's-meat is the greatest 
mark of attention they can pay a stranger. "^ 

On the southwest of the Sacs and Foxes are the kin- 
dred tribe of the lowas, who number 1,200 souls. West 
of these on the east bank of the Missouri, are the united 
bands of emigrant Chippewas, Ottawas, and Pottawato- 
mies, of about the same number. 



APPENDIX. 176' 



ZOOLOGY. 

Quadrupeds. 

The Bison or American Buffalo, is not now found in 
or near the surveyed part of Iowa, though by the numer- 
ous hoins and skeletons found scattered over the country, 
it appears that this animal once inhabited this region in 
great numbers, and it is said by the natives that these 
animals do yet exist in vast numbers in the north and 
west parts of lovv'a Territory. 

The Moose, or American Elk, has been seen in large 
numbers, between the Wapsipinecon and Makoqueta 
rivers, by different surveying parties. Judge Burt (who 
surveyed the township lines) reports that he saw a drove 
of Elk supposed to be over one hundred in number. Mr. 
MUo Jones, another surveyor, said that be counted sixty 
in one drove, which he supposed would number twice 
that of which he counted. 

The common Deer abounds in vast numbers through- 
out the Territory. 

The Black Bear, is an inhabitant of the wooded dis- 
tricts bordering the Makoqueta and Turkey rivers, though 
very rarely to be met with. 

The Gray Wolf is a native of this Territory, and is 
found lurking in the thickets bordering the prairies. 

The Prairie Wolf is also a native of this Territory, as 
well as of the states of Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri ; it 
is a size larger than the Gray Fox. 

The Gray Fox is numerous in the wooded parts of the 
Territory. 

The Racoon, Porcupine, Ground-hog, Rabbit, Opossum, 
and Squirrels of various kinds, in abundance. 

The Beaver. This valuable and interesting animal is 
not to be found in the surveyed part of Iowa, though not 
long since it must have existed here in great numbers. 

The Otter is yet an inhabitant of the public land, and 
like the Beaver once existed in great numbers, but is 
rapidly disappearing before the advancement of cultiva- 
tion. 



176 APPENDIX. 

The Muskrat is to be found in great numbers and in 
every part of the Territory. 

Birds. 

The Wild Turkey is found in numerous flocks in the 
northern part, and particularly on the borders of Turkey 
river, where the sportsmen find ample reward for their 
labor. 

The Quail is a native bird, and is to be met with in 
almost every part. 

The Prairie Hen is the most numerous bird ; they are 
to be seen in great numbers in the prairies, and at certain 
seasons are very noisy. 

The Woodcock is to be met with in the low wet places. 

Of the Aquatic Birds, we may mention the Wild Goose, 
Brant, Pelican, Loon, Ducks of almost every kind, Cranes 
of several species, Plovers and Snipes, in great abun- 
dance. 

Fishes. 

WTiite Perch, Black Bass, Rock Bass, Sun-fish, White 
Sucker, Red Horse Sucker, Buffalo Sucker, Mud Sucker, 
Muskallonge, Pike, Blue Catfish, Yellow Catfish, Speckled 
Trout, Hickory Shad, Eels, Sturgeon, Shovel Nose, and 
Paddle Fish. Numerous other species of fish inhabit 
the western waters. Tortoises of various kinds are to 
be found in the western waters. 

Reptiles. 

The Black Snake, Garter Snake, Rattle Snake, Mas- 
sasaugua, and Copper-head, are among the most numer- 
ous species. 

The Rattle Snake has been found in dens in the rocky 
region along the Makoqueta river, in vast numbers. The 
Massasaugua i$ an inhabitant of the prairies.. 



APPENDIX. 177 



RIVER DISTANCES. 

Route from Pittsburg, in Pennsylvania, to some of the 
principal towns and places in Iowa Territory. The fol- 
lowing table shows the distance from place to place on 

the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, commencing at Pitts- 
burg, Pa. 

Miles. Miles. 

Pittsburg, 

Economy, (right side) 19 

Beave, Pa., (right side) 8 27 

Georgetown, Pa., (left side) 17 44 

Liverpool, Ohio, 4 48 

Wellsville, Ohio, 4 52 

.SteubenviUe, Ohio, 20 72 

WeUsburg, Va., 7 79 

Wheeling, Va., 16 95 

Elizabethtown, Va., 11 106 

Marietta, Ohio, 72 178 

Parkersburg, Va., 10 188 

Point Pleasant, Va., 82 270 

GaUipolis, Ohio,... 4 274 

Guyandot, Va., 38 312 

Burlington, Ohio, 8 320 

Portsmouth, Ohio, 41 361 

Maysville, Ky., 52 413 

Ripley, Ohio, 9 422 

Dover, Ky., 3 425 

Augusta, Ky., 7 432 

.Neville, Ohio, 10 442 

Moscow, Ohio, 3 445 

New Richmond, Ohio,... 8 453 

Little Miami river, Ohio, 14 467 

Cincinnati, Ohio, 8 475 

North Bend, Ohio, 15 490 

Great Miami river, (right side) 5 495 

Lawrenceburg, la., 2 497 

Petersburg, Ky., 2 499 

Aurora, la., 2 501 

Rising Sun, la., 8 509 

Warsaw, Ky., 24 533 

Vevay,Ia., 10 543 

Kentucky river and Fort WilHam, 8 551 



178 APPENDIX. 

Mile!!. Miles. 

Madison, la., 12 563 

Bethlehem, la., 18 581 

West Port, Ky., 6 587 

Utica, la., 25 612 

JefFersonville, la., 7 619 

Louisville, Ky., 1 620 

Portland, Ky., 3 623 

New Albany, la., 1 624 

Salt River,Ky., 18 642 

Brandenburg, Ky., 18 660 

Levenworth, la., 15 675 

Fredonia, la., 5 680 

Rome, la., and Stephensport, Ky., 35 715 

HawsviUe, Ky., 25 740 

Troy, la 6 746 

Rock Port, la., 19 765 

Owensborough, Ky., 9 774 

Green river, (leftside) 28 802 

Evansville, la., 9 811 

Henderson, Ky., 11 822 

Mount Vernon, la., 26 848 

Wabash river, (right side) 21 869 

Shawneetown, 111., 9 878 

Golconda, 111., 55 933 

Cumberland river, (leftside) 17 950 

Tennessee river, (left side) 12 962 

Paducah, at the mouth of Tennessee river. 

Wilkinsville, 111., 27 989 

New America, 111., 11 1000 

Trinity, III., 5 1005 

Cairo, and mouth of Ohio, 6 1011 

Up the Mississippi River. 

Mouth of the Ohio river, 

Cape Girardeau, Mo., 41 

Bainbridge, Mo., 9 50 

Kaskaskia river. 111., 48 98 

St. Genevieve, Mo., 14 112 

Herculaneum, Mo., 39 151 

Merrimac river. Mo., 11 162 

St. Louis, Mo., 19 181 

Missouri river, 18 199 

Alton, 111.,, 6 205 



APPENDIX. 179 

Miles. Miles. 

Hamburgr, 111., 15 220 

ClarksviUe, Mo., 60 280 

Louisiana, Mo., 12 292 

Hannibal, Mo.,- 30 322 

Marion City, Mo., 10 332 

Quincy, 111., 10 342 

Lagrange, Mo., 12 354 

Warsaw, 111 28 382 

Mouth Des Moines river, 2 384 

Keokuk, Iowa, 3 387 

Commerce, 111., 12 399 

Fort Madison, Iowa, 10 409 

Burlington, Iowa, 20 429 

New Boston, III, 30 459 

Bloomington, Iowa, 20 479 

Montpelier, mouth of Pine river, Iowa, 12 491 

Buffalo, Iowa, 7 498 

Rockingham, Iowa, 6 504 

Mouth of Rock river, opposite Davenport, 

Iowa 3 507 

Stephenson, 111,, opposite foot of Rock Island 

Rapids, 1 508 

Canaan, 111., and head of Rapids, 15 523 

Parkhurst, Iowa, 1 524 

Wapsipinecon river, 9 533 

Comanche, Iowa, 5 538 

New York, Iowa, 7 545 

Lyons, Iowa, 2 547 

Charleston, Iowa, 15 562 

Savannah, 111., 2 564 

Makoqueta river, 11 575 

Bellevue, Iowa, 7 582 

Fever river, 7 589 

Galena, 111., is 8 miles up Fever river. 

Du Buque, Iowa, 16 605 

Peru, Iowa, 6 611 

Platte river, W. T., 3 614 

Cassville, W. T., 20 634 

Mouth of Turkey river, opposite Prairie La 

Porte, Iowa, 8 642 

Mouth of Wisconsin river, 18 660 

Prairie du Chien, W. T., 4 664 

Falls of St. Anthonj, about .265— 92^ 



IBD 



THERMOMETRICAL TABLE. 



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J. H. COLTON, 

MAP PUBLISHER, 

NO. 45 I\IERCHANTS EXCHANGE, NEW YORK. 



RECENT PUBLICATIONS. 

MAPS OF THE 

STATE OF NEW YORK, large and smaU. 

CITY AND COUNTY OF NEW YORK, ditto. 

STATE OF INDIANA, in Sections, ditto. 

STATE OF ILLINOIS, in Sections. 

STATE OF I\IICHIGAN, in Sections. 

TERRITORY OF IOWA, in Sections. 

MICHIGAN AND WISCONSIN. 

LONG ISLAND AND VICINITY OF NEW^ YORK. 

CITY OF BROOKLYN. 



THE W^ORLD, 
UNITED STATES, 
WEST INDIES, 



STATE OF OHIO, 
STATE OF MISSOURI, 

&.C., &,c. 



" THE "WESTERN TOURIST, AND EMIGRANT'S 
GUIDE," with a new and correct Map embracing Ohio, In- 
diana, Illinois, Missom-i, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Iowa. 

'' GUIDE TO THE REPUBLIC OF TEXAS," with a 
new and correct Map. 

The « ILLINOIS DIRECTORY," with a new Map ex- 
hibiting the Sections. 

IOWA, with a new Map exhibiting the Sections. 



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